scholarly journals Treatment of Winery Wastewater with a Multistage Constructed Wetland System for Irrigation Reuse

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirco Milani ◽  
Simona Consoli ◽  
Alessia Marzo ◽  
Alessandra Pino ◽  
Cinzia Randazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Regular Growth ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Samples

This paper reports a study on the performance of a multistage constructed wetland (CW) system adopted for winery wastewater and on the analysis of its suitability for irrigation reuse. The CW system treats about 3 m3·day−1 of wastewater produced by a small winery located in Sicily (insular Italy). Wastewater samples were collected at the CW inlet and outlet for physical–chemical and microbiological quality characterization. CW efficiency was evaluated on the basis of water quality improvement and of the achievement of Italian and EU irrigation reuse regulation limits. The CW system showed Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mean removal rates of about 81% and 69%, and a maximum removal of about 99% (for both COD and TSS) occurred during grape harvest phase. The CW removal efficiencies for nutrients were 56% for TN and 38% for PO4-P, considering their low average concentrations at CW inlet. The CW system evidenced an effluent average quality compatible with the limits imposed by the Italian regulation and EU proposal regulation on the minimum requirement for water reuse. The CW vegetated area showed regular growth and vegetative development; phytotoxicity phenomena were not detected. The results of the study suggest the important role of CW systems in the treatment of winery wastewater and for their subsequent reuse in agriculture.

Constructed wetland for water quality improvement: a case study from Taiwan

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2408-2418 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Wu ◽  
J. K. Liu ◽  
S. H. Cheng ◽  
D. E. Surampalli ◽  
C. W. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sediment Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Wetland System

In Taiwan, more than 20% of the major rivers are mildly to heavily polluted by domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters due to the low percentage of sewers connected to wastewater treatment plants. Thus, constructed or engineered wetlands have been adopted as the major alternatives to clean up polluted rivers. Constructed wetlands are also applied as the tertiary wastewater treatment systems for the wastewater polishment to meet water reuse standards with lower operational costs. The studied Kaoping River Rail Bridge Constructed Wetland (KRRBCW) is the largest constructed wetland in Taiwan. It is a multi-function wetland and is used for polluted creek water purification and secondary wastewater polishment before it is discharged into the Kaoping River. Although constructed wetlands are feasible for contaminated water treatment, wetland sediments are usually the sinks for organics and metals. In this study, water and sediment samples were collected from the major wetland basins in KRRBCW. The investigation results show that more than 97% of total coliforms (TC), 55% of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and 30% of nutrients [e.g. total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP)] were removed via the constructed wetland system. However, results from the sediment analyses show that wetland sediments contained high concentrations of metals (e.g. Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, and Mn), organic contents (sediment oxygen demand = 1.7 to 7.6 g O2/m2 d), and nutrients (up to 18.7 g/kg of TN and 1.22 g/kg of TN). Thus, sediments should be excavated periodically to prevent the release the pollutants into the wetland system and causing the deterioration of wetland water quality. Results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and nucleotide sequence analysis reveal that a variation in microbial diversity in the wetland systems was observed. Results from the DGGE analysis indicate that all sediment samples contained significant amounts of microbial ribospecies, which might contribute to the carbon degradation and nitrogen removal. Gradual disappearance of E. coli was also observed along the flow courses through natural attenuation mechanisms.

A pilot study of a subsurface-flow constructed wetland treating membrane concentrate produced from reclaimed water

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajat K. Chakraborti ◽  
James S. Bays ◽  
Thien Ng ◽  
Lou Balderrama ◽  
Terry Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Mass Removal ◽  
Nitrate N

A pilot study was conducted for 7 months for the City of Oxnard, California, on the use of constructed wetlands to treat concentrate produced by microfiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) of reclaimed wastewater. The treatment performance of a transportable subsurface-flow wetland was investigated by monitoring various forms of nitrogen, orthophosphate, oxygen demand, organic carbon, and selenium. Significant mass removal of constituents was measured under two hydraulic residence times (HRTs) (2.5 and 5 days). Inflow and outflow concentrations of nitrate-N and ammonia-N were significantly different for both HRTs, whereas nitrite-N and total organic carbon (TOC) were significantly different during HRT2. Mass removal by the constructed wetland averaged 61% of nitrate-N, 32% of nitrite-N, 42% of ammonia-N, 43% of biochemical oxygen demand, 19% of orthophosphate as P, 18% of TOC and 61% of selenium. Mass removal exceeded concentration reductions through water volume loss through evapotranspiration. Calibrated first-order area-based removal rates were consistent with literature ranges, and were greater during HRT1 consistent with greater mass loads, higher hydraulic loading and shorter HRTs. The rate constants may provide a basis for sizing a full-scale wetland receiving a similar quality of water. The results indicated that engineered wetlands can be useful in the management of RO membrane concentrate for reclaimed water reuse.

scholarly journals Aerobic treatment of winery wastewater with the aim of water reuse

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1217-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oliveira ◽  
C. Queda ◽  
E. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Aerobic Treatment ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Micro Bubble ◽  
Batch Treatment ◽  
Efficient Water Use

An air micro-bubble bioreactor (AMBB) using a free self-adapted microbial population, 15 dm3 working volume, was used for aerobic treatment of winery wastewater. This reactor utilizes a Venturi injector in conjunction with mass transfer multiplier nozzles, which allow an efficient oxygen transfer. The reactor can operate in batch or continuous conditions. The dynamics of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biomass and total contents of polyphenolic compounds was followed throughout each trial. The wastewater COD ranged between 4.0–8.0 kg COD m−3 and the efficiency of the batch treatment was about 90.0±4.3%, after 6 days of operation. The maximum efficiency obtained was achieved after 15 days of treatment (99%). In continuous conditions, the loading rate and the treatment efficiency ranged between 0.45–1.00 kg COD m−3 d−1 and 93.3±2.0%, respectively. The AMBB hydraulic retention time was 15 days. To assess the suitability of treated water in relation to vineyard irrigation, the effluent was physico-chemical analysed and direct toxicity bioassays with effluent matrix were carried out using Lepidium sativum L. seeds. The results showed the water quality required to be reutilised minimizing water consumption. This study will contribute for the implementation of an efficient water use plan, aiming the preservation of the water resource and the reduction of the wastewater production.

scholarly journals Integrated constructed wetlands treating industrial wastewater from seed production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kiflay ◽  
Juma Selemani ◽  
Karoli Njau
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Cyperus Alternifolius ◽  
Raw Wastewater

Abstract The performance of an integrated wastewater treatment system composed of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSFCW), floating constructed wetland (FCW), and anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) was studied for pollutant removal from seed production wastewater. Cyperus alternifolius (Umbrella Papyrus) plants were used in the HSSFCW, and Vetiveria zizanioides (Vetiver grass) in the FCW. The ABR was fed with 25 m3/d wastewater from its equalization tank. The average raw wastewater organic loading rate was 0.208 kg-COD/d. Grab wastewater samples were collected twice weekly for three months from each unit's inlet and outlet. The system's performance in removing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium was studied. The average removal efficiencies obtained were 95.5% BOD5, 94.6% COD, 86.2% TSS, 76.6% turbidity, 82.4% nitrate, 76% phosphate, and 32.9% ammonium. The results show that integrating ABR, HSSFCW, and FCW improves pollutant removal from seed production wastewater, and the treated water can be used for agricultural purposes.

Experimental study of a novel hybrid constructed wetland for water reuse and its application in Southern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2177-2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhai ◽  
H. W. Xiao ◽  
K. Kujawa-Roeleveld ◽  
Q. He ◽  
S. M. Kerstens
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow

A new type of hybrid constructed wetland (CW), consisting of both vertical-baffled flow wetland (VBFW) and horizontal subsurface flow wetland (HSFW), has been deployed in Southern China to naturally accelerate the removal of organic matter and nitrogen. The hybrid CW system is characterised by a combination of continuous baffled flow vertical wetland and ‘S’ pattern horizontal subsurface flow wetland with natural aeration ditches to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the HSFW bed. An internal circulatory system from the HSFW effluent back to the VBFW may optionally be operated to enhance the biological denitrification effect. Cyperus alternifolius is the main macrophyte in the wetland bed. The performance of the hybrid CW was studied with a pilot-scale system and three full-scale systems for municipal sewage treatment in Southern China. The results suggest that this new hybrid CW can achieve removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of better than 83.6, 95.0, 71.7, 64.5 and 68.1% respectively, with a specific wetland bed area of 0.70–0.93 m2 PE−1. The mean effluent concentrations of these parameters would meet the regulatory discharge limits for wastewater treatment systems (GB18918, 2002) and reuse in the context of agricultural irrigation solutions in China.

The removal of pathogens in surface-flow constructed wetlands and its implications for water reuse

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghermandi ◽  
D. Bixio ◽  
P. Traverso ◽  
I. Cersosimo ◽  
C. Thoeye
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Microbiological quality represents the biggest concern to the reuse of treated wastewater. This paper reports and discusses the results of an international survey on the removal of indicators of microbiological contamination in surface-flow constructed wetlands. Constructed wetlands consistently provide a reduction of 90–99% (1–2 log-removal) in the concentration of indicators such as coliform bacteria and faecal streptococci. This removal is found in wetlands treating water from different types of pretreatment (primary sedimentation, activated sludge, trickling filter, maturation ponds). On the other hand, when the influent is of high microbiological quality, wetlands act as sources of pathogenic contamination. The final water quality, however, is still compatible with medium to no-contact recreational activities and other final water uses. High variability in the effluent quality and seasonality might limit the opportunities for reuse. The role of constructed wetlands in different treatment schemes and the remaining open questions concerning removal mechanisms and reference pathogens are discussed.

scholarly journals Biotreatment of Winery Wastewater Using a Hybrid System Combining Biological Trickling Filters and Constructed Wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Christos S. Akratos ◽  
Triantafyllos I. Tatoulis ◽  
Athanasia G. Tekerlekopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Two Stages

The objective of this work was to determine the ability of a pilot-scale hybrid system to treat real (non-synthetic) winery wastewater. The experimental treatment system consisted of two stages: An attached growth pilot-scale bioreactor (biological trickling filter with plastic support material) was initially used to remove a significant amount of dissolved chemical oxygen demand (d-COD) from winery wastewater, and then a pilot-scale, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) was examined as a post-treatment step for further d-COD removal. Results from the biofilter revealed that the recirculation rate of 1.0 L/min lead to higher d-COD removal rates than that of 0.5 L/min for all feed d-COD concentrations tested (3500, 7500, 9000 and 18,000 mg d-COD/L). Experiments in the CW were performed using feed d-COD concentrations of about 1500 mg/L (equivalent to biofilter effluent when initial filter feed d-COD concentrations are 18,000 mg/L). The wetland polishing stage managed to further remove d-COD and produced effluent concentrations below current legislation limits for safe disposal. Furthermore, the presence of zeolite in CW (one third of the length of CW) enhanced ammonium removal. The experimental results indicate that the combination of a biological trickling filter and a constructed wetland could effectively treat effluents originating from small wineries typical of the Mediterranean region.

Sewage Treatment by Waste Stabilization Pond Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
J. Kenneth, R. S. Suglo
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
High Reduction ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Sewage generated in Ghana is commonly discharged into the environment without any form of treatment to reduce the degree ofcontamination and mitigate potential public health and environmental issues. Although some attempts have been made in someparts of Ghana to utilize the waste stabilization pond (WSP) system to treat domestic sewage, the ponds often fail to achievetheir purpose due to lack of basic maintenance and supervision. To assess the utility of the WSP system for treating sewage,wastewater samples were collected from the raw sewage, anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds of WSPs at Obuasi inGhana, and analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological contaminants. The results show that the final pond effluent meetsrecommended microbiological and chemical quality guidelines. The waste stabilization pond system demonstrates high removalefficiencies of wastewater contaminants. The biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, nitrate and faecal coliformsreduction efficiencies of 97.3%, 97.6%, 83.3% and 99.94% respectively are highly significant, and compare well with reportedremoval efficiencies in the literature. Additionally, the ponds have high reduction efficiencies for heavy metals and pathogenicmicroorganisms. The wastewater treatment system complies with standard wastewater management practices, and provides auseful method for treating and disposing wastewater in Ghana.

Some Physicochemical Parameters of Wastewater from an Oil Industry at Point of Discharge in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
O. A. F Wokoma ◽  
◽  
O. S Edori ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Water Association ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rivers State

Wastewater samples were collected from an oil industry at the point of discharge for a period of two years, from January 2018 – December 2019. The wastewater samples were analyzed for different physicochemical parameters such as temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), conductivity, pH, alkalinity, salinity, total hydrocarbon content (THC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to examine their conformity to fulfill requirements as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) and Drinking Water Association (DWA). The results indicated that all the parameters in the discharged wastewater were within acceptable limits of the regulatory bodies. The field data showed that the investigated firm conformed to the law by carrying out proper procedures before discharging the effluents into the public drain and river. Therefore, the release of wastewater from the industry doesn't constitute a danger to the environment as well as aquatic organisms. Keywords: Physicochemical parameter, wastewater discharge, oil industry, environment, contaminants

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