scholarly journals Model Test of the Effect of River Sinuosity on Nitrogen Purification Efficiency

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Chenguang Xiao ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Xianjiang Yuan ◽  
Ruidong Chen ◽  
Xia Song
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Water Test ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Nitrogen Purification

River pollution is a significant problem within the urbanization process in China. Nitrogen is one of the most important pollutants in rivers, and the nitrogen purification capacity of rivers can be affected by their sinuous morphology. In this study, a set of sandy circulating water test models was constructed, consisting of four river channel simulation models with sinuosities of 1.0, 1.4, 1.8, and 2.2. Each model was then infused with the same concentration of nitrogen-polluted water, which circulated for 52 h. The nitrogen reduction processes of rivers with different sinuosities were studied through water quality monitoring. The positive correlation between river sinuosity and nitrogen purification capacity was verified in physical laboratory test models. The effect of sinuosity on the spatiotemporal distribution of total nitrogen in pore water was confirmed. Additionally, the near-shore substrate was more involved in the process of river self-purification than the far-shore substrate. The concave bank of the sinuous rivers was more prone to pollutant accumulation and had a higher purification capacity than the convex bank. After the polluted water entered the sinuous channel systems, pollutant concentration differed within the convex bank between the more polluted upstream section and the less polluted downstream section. This study lays a foundation for studying the mechanism by which river sinuosity influences self-purification capacity.

Monitoring and predicting water quality for smart urban water infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Coraggio ◽  
Dawei Han ◽  
Theo Tryfonas ◽  
Weiru Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Resources Management

<p>Water resources management is a delicate, complex and challenging task. It involves monitoring quality, quantity, timing and distribution of water in order to meet the needs of the population’s usage demand. Nowadays these decisions have to be made in a continuously evolving landscape where quantity and quality of water resources change in time with uncertainty.</p><p>Throughout history, access to clean water has always been a huge desire from urban settlements. People built towns and villages close to water sources. In most cases, streams brought clean water in and washed away polluted water. Nowadays the largest strains on water quality typically occur within urban areas, with degradation coming from point and diffuse sources of pollutants and alteration of natural flow through built-up areas.</p><p>Municipalities are acting to reduce the impact of climate change on existing cities and meet the needs of the growing urban population. In many places around the world costal flood defences were built involving construction of barriers that lock the tide and keep the water coming from in-land rivers creating reservoirs close to the shore.</p><p>These man-made barriers stop the natural cleaning action of the tide on transitional waters. This causes severe water quality problems like eutrophication and high levels of bacteria. On the positive side, these water reservoirs are used as recreational water, drinking water, agricultural water. As many more people are moving to live in urban areas, its overall demand for clean water and discharge of polluted water is constantly growing. Hence monitoring and foreseeing water quality in these urban surface waters is fundamental in order to be able to meet the water demand in future scenarios.</p><p>Many cities have already successfully implemented smart water technologies in many types of the water infrastructures. Monitoring water quality has always been a challenging and costly task. It has been so far the most difficult water characteristic to monitor remotely in real time. Lack of high frequency and accurate data has always been one of the main challenges. Today, using information and communication technologies (ICT) is possible to set up a real time water quality monitoring system that will allow to deepen the understanding of water quality dynamics leading to a better management of urban water resources.</p><p>A case study will be presented where a real time water quality monitoring system for the surface water of Bristol Floating Harbour has been deployed in the UK and water quality data have been analysed using artificial intelligence algorithms in order to understand the link between ambient weather data (i.e., precipitation, temperature, solar radiation, wind, etc.) and surface water pollution. Preliminary results of a water quality prediction model will also be presented showing the capabilities of predicting water quality as a new tool in municipality’s decision-making processes and water resources management.</p>

Plot Scale Models and Their Application to Recharge Studies - Part 10

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Walker ◽  
L Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Specific Technique ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Or Modelling

Each booklet in The Basics of Recharge and Discharge series covers a specific technique for detecting, measuring or modelling groundwater recharge and discharge. Part 10 provides an overview of the use of plot scale models in estimating deep drainage. This booklet explains how such models can add understanding to deep drainage studies. It describes the different broad types of plot-scale models that are available and how they can be most appropriately used. Throughout the booklet, clear examples demonstrate the potential applications for a range of simulation models. They contrast the features and capabilities of the models and illustrate what can be achieved through modelling. The chapter finishes by describing how to test models and where to find more information on the models most commonly used in Australia.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KONDISI KUALITAS AIR BERDASARKAN DAMPAK BEBAN PENCEMARAN TERHADAP SEBARAN OKSIGEN TERLARUT DI SUNGAI GUNUNG PASANG KABUPATEN JEMBER

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Elida Novita ◽  
Bawon Rani Yudhika Anwar ◽  
Hendra Andiananta Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Oxygen Distribution ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
River Quality

Gunung Pasang River is as raw water supply for the human activity. However, it is utilized as waste disposal from community activities, agro-tourism, and rubber factories. These activities have the potential to reduce water river quality. The efforts to river pollution prevention that can be taken are to examine for capacity of the rivers to reduce pollutant naturally. The research focused to analysis the pollution load, oxygen dissolved distribution (deoxygenation and reoxygenation rate), and the total pollution load of the Gunung Pasang river utilized the Streeter-Phelps formula. The study was conducted in November – December in 2019 at the Gunung Pasang River with a river length of 300 m which was divided into 3 segments with 4 monitoring points (GP01, GP02, GP03, GP04). Analysis of the parameters i.e. DO and BOD to measure the water quality degradation in the river and the resulting graph of oxygen reduction. The method refers to Minister of the Environment Decree no. 110/2003.The results showed that the average pollution load value was 6.32 kg/day. The range of deoxygenation and reoxygenation rates is 2.67 - 5.36 mg/L.day and 32.77 - 64.71 mg/L.day respectively. The Reoxygenation rate was greater than deoxygenation. This phenomenon reflected that the Gunung Pasang River has a good self – purification performance. The average pollution load capacity of the river is 2.17 kg/day.Keywords: total pollution capacity; oxygen distribution; self – purification; water quality monitoring.

Impact of River Pollution on Human Health: A Case Study of Shitalakhya River, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Nazia Naoshin ◽  
Nusrat Jahan Medha ◽  
Musarrat Zaman ◽  
Sharmin Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Government ◽  
Water Borne

Fresh water is an essential amenity to survive. However, every year many people are directly or indirectly either dying or suffering from water-borne diseases. The main purpose of this study is to make a clear view of the pollution which is happening in Char Chanpara and how frequently the residents of that area are getting affected due to excessive pollution. Shitalakhya River and its surrounding area are suffering due to water pollution every year and now the situation is becoming worse. The polluted water from the river is infecting men, women and children in every possible way. Water is the most essential requirement to perform household chores, which are done by women and hence they are more prone to diseases caused by polluted water. Because of the poor economic status, they have no other option rather than using this water for their day to day activities. Proper initiatives by the government, awareness among people, disseminating news of this polluted river, constructing deep tube wells and availability of alternative uses of water are measured by which people can be saved from problems being caused by polluted water. This study aims to identify the causes of water pollution and how the residents of the area are affected by various types of water-borne diseases through their daily usages.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Health Risks due to Heavy Metals in a Rural Population Exposed to Atoyac River Pollution in Puebla, Mexico

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pérez Castresana ◽  
Elsa Castañeda Roldán ◽  
Wendy A. García Suastegui ◽  
José L. Morán Perales ◽  
Abel Cruz Montalvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Potential Health

The health risks of Emilio Portes Gil’s population, for the exposition to the Atoyac River pollution in the State of Puebla, was evaluated. The objective was to determine the concentration of nine heavy metals by ingesting water from wells and spri ngs. The chronic daily water intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk index (CRI) in adults, teenagers, and children were estimated. The results showed that the concentration of Fe, Al, Ni, and Pb in some of the samples exceeded the recommended standards for human consumption and was significantly higher in the dry season. The hazard index (HI), due to the collective intake of metals, was higher in children (> 50% compared to adults), due to the consumption of spring water in the dry season. Risk of noncancerous diseases was not detected in the long term, since the indices did not exceed the unit (reference value). The carcinogenic risk from oral exposure to Cr (CRIchildren = 3.2 × 10−4), was greater than the acceptable limit (1 × 10−6) in the water spring, and Cr and Pb were the main metals that contributed to the potential health risk of the inhabitants. The study showed the risks by the intake of polluted water from the sources of supply in the region, and that the risk is higher in the dry season (> 100% compared with rainy season).

scholarly journals INSTALASI SISTEM PEMANTAUAN KUALITAS AIR ONLINE BERBASIS GSM DI SUNGAI CILIWUNG SEGMEN ISTIQLAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Dwi Wahjono ◽  
Galih Setiaji
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Calibration Period ◽  
Monitoring Result ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Gsm Network ◽  
Pass Through

Ciliwung River  is one of the rivers that pass through the administrative area of Jakarta. Ciliwung river has been categorized as a heavy polluted river. The water quality monitoring needs to be installed to control river pollution. The Water quality monitoring should be performed at any time continuously. For that reason, The trial water quality monitoring that placed in the area of Ciliwung part Istiqlal Mosque has been installed. The installed system that based on GSM network is an online and realtime water quality monitoring. In this paper discusses the process of installation, monitoring results, modification of protective structure and the problems were encountered. From this activity bring out some conclusions about: shape of suitable protective building, sensor calibration period, the obstacles encountered, system reliability, and efforts to improve system performance. Keywords: Protective building,  calibration period, monitoring result, water quality, realtime.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENTS IN STORM SURGE ESTIMATION USING SURROGATE MODELING TECHNIQUES

2020 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Alexandros Taflanidis ◽  
Jize Zhang ◽  
Aikaterini Kyprioti ◽  
Andrew Kennedy ◽  
Tracy Kijewksi-Correa
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Surrogate Modeling ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Adaptive Selection ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Hydrodynamic Processes

Numerical advances in storm surge prediction over the past couple of decades have produced high-fidelity simulation models that permit a detailed representation of hydrodynamic processes and therefore support high accuracy forecasting. Unfortunately, the computational burden of such numerical models is large, requiring thousands of CPU hours for each simulation, something that limits their applicability for hurricane risk assessment. Use of Kriging-based surrogate modeling techniques has been examined to address the aforementioned challenge Jia et al. [2016], Zhang et al. [2018]. This approach can provide fast predictions using a database of high-fidelity, synthetic storms, with the goal of maintaining the accuracy of the numerical model utilized to produce this database, while offering computational efficiency. This contribution overviews initially recent research developments for the application of Kriging for storm surge predictions. Topics discussed include: enhancement of the initial database for nodes (i.e., geographical locations) that have remained dry in some of the database storms; adaptive selection of storms forming the initial database; use of different surrogate modeling tuning techniques and their impact on the metamodel predictive capabilities for storm surge estimation; implementation for estimation of impact due to near-shore processes (breaking waves), something that requires coupling of different numerical models.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/vL38Kv3kLDM

scholarly journals Use of simulation models in the protection of groundwater aquifer systems. Application at the Upper Anthemountas basin in Chalkidiki, Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Observation Wells

The importance of the development and application of groundwater simulation mathematical models in the protection of aquifer systems is nowadays recognised as an undisputable fact. In this paper a mathematical model that was developed in order to simulate the operation of the Upper Anthemountas aquifer in Chalkidiki, Greece, is presented. The case study application investigated concerned the possible malfunction of the Waste Water Treatment Plant located within the study area. According to this scenario a possible malfunction of the treatment plant could pollute the underlying aquifer. A network of observation wells located downstream of the plant could detect the pollution and predict the time needed to reach the productive wells surrounding the area. This allows the local water resources managers to formulate a priori action-plans including, the alteration of the pumping schedule in order to prevent polluted water to be abstracted from the nearby wells and at the same time protect the public health, along with necessary measures concerning the prevention of further pollution and the restoration of the groundwater aquifer system.

scholarly journals Second-order control of complex systems with correlated synthetic data

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juste Raimbault
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Financial Time Series ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Urban Growth Model ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Spatial Systems ◽  
Synthetic Datasets

AbstractThe generation of synthetic data is an essential tool to study complex systems, allowing for example to test models of these in precisely controlled settings, or to parametrize simulation models when data is missing. This paper focuses on the generation of synthetic data with an emphasis on correlation structure. We introduce a new methodology to generate such correlated synthetic data. It is implemented in the field of socio-spatial systems, more precisely by coupling an urban growth model with a transportation network generation model. We also show the genericity of the method with an application on financial time-series. The simulation results show that the generation of correlated synthetic data for such systems is indeed feasible within a broad range of correlations, and suggest applications of such synthetic datasets.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA ONLINE MONITORING KUALITAS AIR DI SUNGAI CILIWUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satmoko Yudo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Government

Population growth in the Jakarta city that continues to rise each year, this has resulted in environmental pollution, especially pollution of the Ciliwung river continues to grow. Nowadays various attempts have been made in terms of prevention of pollution of the river Ciliwung. One of the efforts to control pollution in the river Ciliwung is monitoring the quality of water in rivers and creeks Ciliwung. This monitoring is done in real-time and online, where the water quality data sent to data centers and analyzed  into information that can be displayed at any time and anywhere through the Internet. If there are pollutants that enter the river so heavilly polluted in certain time, the government or the authorities that manages the river can take action to control pollution. To support online monitoring system running well required database management system (DBMS) for storing water quality data at any time and integrated well. Keywords : river pollution, water quality monitoring online, Ciliwung river, design database.

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