Artificial Intelligence In Oncology Socio-Economic Incentives As A Factor In Eliminating The Shortage Of Medical Personnel In Rural Health Care

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Olga Doshchannikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stimulation Of

The study determines the impact of regional measures of socio-economic stimulation of medical personnel on the process of employment in medical institutions in rural areas. The analysis of Federal and regional legislation regulating the process of encouraging doctors to find employment in the rural health system is carried out. It was found that measures of socio-economic support for the provision of ready-made housing in the framework of regional events, contributed to a more active involvement and long-term consolidation of medical personnel in rural areas.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF REGIONAL PROGRAMS OF SOCIAL ECONOMIC INCENTIVES IN INVOLVEMENT OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL TO RURAL HEALTH CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Ol’ga A. Doshchannikova ◽  
T. V. Pozdeeva ◽  
Yu. N. Filippov ◽  
A. L. Khlapov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Health Care ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Compensation Payment ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Economic Support

The study established impacting of regional activities of social economic incentives of medical personnel on the process of employment in medical institutions of rural area. The analysis of Federal and regional legislation regulating process of incentives of physicians to employment in rural health care system was implemented. The study material was based on the results of implementation of activities of social economic incentives of medical personnel to join rural medical institutions applied in the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region in 2006-2017. The comparative analysis was implemented concerning normative base of activities of social economic support of physicians including assessment of quality and scope of material preferences and also analysis of effect of types of material incentives on amount of input of specialists in rural health care. The comparative characteristics are presented concerning regional activities of supporting rural medical personnel with ready-made accommodation and vehicles and also assessment of federal activities related to granting rural physicians with single compensation payment of one million rubles. The implemented study demonstrated that problem of recruitment of medical personnel in general and in rural health care in particular is an extremely complicated task. The Federal and regional health authorities were engaged in development of alternatives of solution of this problem until now. It is established that a significant importance in decision making related to employment in rural medical institutions is attached to implementing programs of social economic support. It is derived that measures of social economic support related to granting ready-made accommodation within the framework of regional activities favored more active involvement and long-term assignment of medical personnel in rural area than granting with single compensation payment of one million rubles.

Self-assessment by medical workers of the degree of influence of working conditions on the development of occupational diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Petrukhin ◽  
O. N. Andreenko ◽  
I. V. Boyko ◽  
S. V. Grebenkov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The activities of health workers are associated with the impact of many harmful factors that lead to loss of health. Compared with other professional groups, health care workers are ill longer and harder, which may be due to polymorbidity pathology.The aim of the study based on the survey data to study the representation of health workers about working conditions and to identify their impact on the formation of occupational diseases.Materials and methods. In order to get a real idea of the attitude of medical workers to their working conditions in 2018, an anonymous survey was conducted of 1129 doctors and 776 employees of secondary and junior medical personnel working in health care institutions in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk, Vologda and Orel.Results. Research of working conditions and health of physicians allowed to establish that work in medical institutions imposes considerable requirements to an organism of working, its physical condition and endurance, volume of operational and long-term memory, ability to resist to mental, moral and ethical overloads.Conclusions: The most important method of combating the development of occupational diseases is their prevention. Organizational and preventive measures should be aimed primarily at monitoring the working conditions and health of medical staff .

Methods to Reduce Traffic Speed in High-Pedestrian Rural Areas

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kamyab ◽  
Steve Andrle ◽  
Dennis Kroeger ◽  
David S. Heyer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Many Minnesota counties are faced with the problem of high vehicle speeds through towns or resort areas that have significant pedestrian traffic. The impact of speed reduction strategies in high-pedestrian areas in rural counties of Minnesota was investigated. Speed data were collected at two selected study sites under their existing conditions ("no-treatment" or "before" condition) and after the proposed speed reduction strategies were installed. Second "after" data conditions were collected to study the short-term and long-term impact of the implemented strategies. The traffic-calming techniques employed at the Twin Lakes site consisted of removable pedestrian islands and pedestrian crossing signs. A dynamic variable message sign that sent a single-word message ("Slow") to motorists traveling over the speed limit was installed at the Bemidji site. The research study shows that the traffic-calming strategy deployed in Twin Lakes was effective in significantly reducing the mean speed and improving speed limit compliance in both the short term and long term. Despite proven effectiveness, the deployed speed reduction treatment in Bemidji Lake failed to lower the speed at the study site. The single-word message on the sign and the location of the sign, as well as a lack of initial enforcement, were the primary reasons for such failure.

scholarly journals Healthcare reform: Heads of medical organizations at the forefront of problems

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Olga Alexandrova ◽  
Olga Komolova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Healthcare Reform ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the impact of healthcare reform on the situation in the industry and the requirements for managers of medical organizations. On the data from the expert survey, participants of which were physicians with practical experience in the field of health management; economists studying the work of the public sector; lawyers involved in the protection of patients’ rights, etc., it provides characteristics of today’s financial, logistical support and staffing of medical institutions, their relationships with founders, insurance companies and patients; there are given experts’ opinions on who should be the leaders of medical organizations — managers or clinicians, how to create their personnel reserve, what should be changed in the system of professional development and retraining of medical personnel. It is shown that the working conditions of medical organizations have radically changed, and the amount of attracted extra-budgetary funds has become an important indicator of their effectiveness. At the same time, the institutional context, in which they function, is highly controversial, devoid of a number of fundamentally important elements, and is not balanced in terms of the rights and obligations of various actors involved in the provision of medical care. This significantly complicates the activity of the management of medical institutions, generates a «conflict of interests» among them, which ultimately negatively affects patients. According to experts, today an experienced manager should be at the head of the medical institution, but — with the obligatory good knowledge and understanding of the specifics of the medical industry. Since medical institutions are now managed by medics, their training in economics and management within the system of continuing professional education becomes very important. The article is divided into two parts. The second part will be published in Population 2019 No.1.

scholarly journals Climate change and drought effects on rural income distribution in the Mediterranean: a case study for Spain

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 4353-4389
Author(s):  
S. Quiroga ◽  
C. Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This paper examines the effects of climate change and drought on agricultural outputs in Spanish rural areas. By now the effects of drought as a response to climate change or policy restrictions have been analyzed through response functions considering direct effects on crop productivity and incomes. These changes also affect incomes distribution in the region and therefore modify the social structure. Here we consider this complementary indirect effect on social distribution of incomes which is essential in the long term. We estimate crop production functions for a range of Mediterranean crops in Spain and we use a decomposition of inequalities measure to estimate the impact of climate change and drought on yield disparities. This social aspect is important for climate change policies since it can be determinant for the public acceptance of certain adaptation measures in a context of drought. We provide the empirical estimations for the marginal effects of the two considered impacts: farms' income average and social income distribution. In our estimates we consider crop productivity response to both bio-physical and socio-economic aspects to analyze long term implications on both competitiveness and social disparities. We find disparities in the adaptation priorities depending on the crop and the region analyzed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Education and Residential Environment on Long-Term Waste Management Behavior in the Context of Sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Simona Saseanu ◽  
Rodica-Manuela Gogonea ◽  
Simona Ioana Ghita ◽  
Radu Şerban Zaharia
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Long Term Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cointegration Relationship

Currently, the problem of waste reduction is a permanent concern for all countries of the world, given the need to ensure the sustainability development. In this context, the research aims to highlight the impact of education and demographic factors by residence areas on the long-term behavior of the amount of waste generated in 29 European countries during 2013–2017. The study is based on statistical and econometric modeling aimed at identifying, testing and analyzing the existence of long-term correlation between the amount of waste per capita recorded in each country and four factors of influence considered significant for waste reduction: Pupils and students by education level and Classroom teachers and academic staff by education level, representing exogenous variables which quantify the educational outcomes, as well as The population by degree of urbanization (cities, rural areas), as demographic factors. As a result of an analysis based on correlation and regression method, a cointegration relationship between the analyzed variables was identified. Considering the amount of waste as an important component of the environmental pressure, the obtained results show the significant long-term effect that education and the demographic factor can have on its long-lasting behavior, as well as the ways through which these factors can act to strengthen sustainability.

scholarly journals Impact of Sex on Office White Coat Effect Tail: Investigating Two Italian Residential Cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Humbert ◽  
Sophie Fedrizzi ◽  
Joachim Alexandre ◽  
Alessandro Menotti ◽  
Alain Manrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
White Coat ◽  
White Coat Effect ◽  
Seven Countries Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo assess the impact of sex on office white-coat effect tail (OWCET), the waning of systolic blood pressure (SBP) after its waxing during office visit, on the incidence of long-term major fatal and non-fatal events in two Italian residential cohorts [from the Gubbio Study and the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study (IRA)]. There were 3565 persons (92 with missing data, 44% men, 54 ± 11 years) included in the Gubbio and 1712 men (49 ± 5 years) in the IRA studies. OWCET was defined as a decrease of ≥10 mmHg in SBP between successive measurements with slight measurement differences between the two cohorts. Cardiovascular (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke (STR) incidences were considered. Over an approximately 20-year follow-up, women with OWCET had an increased risk of CVD [HR: 1.591 (95%CI: 1.204–2.103)], CHD [HR: 1.614 (95%CI: 1.037–2.512)] and STR [HR: 1.696 (95%CI: 1.123–2.563)] events independently of age, serum and HDL cholesterol, cigarettes, BMI and SBP in the Gubbio study. However, there was no increased risk of CVD, CHD or STR in men with OWCET neither in the Gubbio 20-year follow-up nor in the IRA 50-year follow-up. These results were not modified significantly by the correction of the regression dilutions bias between the first and the subsequent SBP measurements. Thus, in primary care, OWCET should be actively evaluated in women as it can improve stratification of long-term CVD, CHD and STR risks.

Lessons for Health Service: the Chernobyl Accident and the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
A. Bushmanov ◽  
I. Galstyan ◽  
V. Solov'ev ◽  
M. Konchalovsky
Keyword(s):  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Body ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Emergency Drugs ◽  
To Receive

Purpose: The article is devoted to the analysis of organizational measures to overcome the medical consequences of two large-scale events: the Chernobyl accident on 26.04.1986 and the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A comparison of the causes, key factors, numbers affected and involved in these events persons, and the availability of the source of knowledge about the clinical picture, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases, developing as a result of radiation exposure and the virus SARS-Cov-2. The article considers the availability of special medical institutions, the infectability of medical workers, the presence of long-term consequences for the health of victims and for the economy. Conclusions: In the development of such catastrophic events, an important role should be played by 1) Timely and adequate information to the population. 2) It is necessary to have a sufficient number of beds that can be repurposed in accordance with the needs and provided with appropriate equipment to support the vital functions of the body. 3) Planned training of qualified medical personnel should be carried out. 4) It is necessary to have stocks of emergency drugs close to the institutions where it is possible to receive victims.

scholarly journals PENGENALAN PERPUSTAKAAN KEPADA ANAK USIA DINI

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-172
Author(s):  
Lusi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Absolute Necessity ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Good For ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reading Interest

Abstract: There are many factors behind why Indonesian people do not like literature, so the impact is the lack of interest in reading in Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Introducing the library as a means of information which is an absolute necessity of the community in the information age needs to be done. Awareness of the importance of this library should be fostered since childhood, therefore the thing that needs to be done is to provide adequate facilities / good for children's libraries. But before moving in that direction, the children's soul must be understood and what kind of information is needed by the children. Therefore it is necessary for the active involvement of various parties such as parents, teachers and the government to foster interest in reading early on by introducing the library early on. However, it is difficult to expect children and adolescents to come to the library without any precise effort and resources pull from the library itself. The lack of attention to the elements intended to extend the reading interest of Indonesian people, especially for people in rural areas.Keywords: Library, Early ChildhoodAbstrak : Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi mengapa masyarakat Indonesia kurang suka ke pustaka, maka dampaknya adalah kurangnya minat baca di Indonesia khusus lagi bagian pedesaan. Memperkenalkan  perpustakaan sebagai salah satu sarana informasi yang merupakan kebutuhan mutlak masyarakat dalam era informasi perlu dilakukan. Kesadaran akan pentingnya perpustakaan ini memang sebaiknya dipupuk sejak kecil, oleh karena itu hal yang perlu dilakukan adalah menyediakan fasilitas yang memadai/baik untuk perpustakaan anak-anak. Akan tetapi sebelum melangkah ke arah itu, harus pula dipahami jiwa anak-anak tersebut dan informasi yang seperti apa yang dibutuhkan oleh anak-anak. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya keterlibatan secara aktif dari berbagai pihak seperti orangtua, guru dan pemerintah untuk menumbuhkan minat baca sejak dini dengan memperkenalkan perpustakaan sejak dini.Akan tetapi, sulit mengharapkan anak-anak dan remaja untuk datang ke perpustakaan tanpa ada upaya yang jitu dan daya tarik dari perpustakaan itu sendiri. Kurangnya perhatian elemen-elemen  yang dimaksudkan memperpanjang daya minat baca masyarakat Indonesia, khusus bagi masyarakat yang ada di pedesaan.Kata kunci : Perpustakaan, Anak Usia Dini

scholarly journals Estimating the economic impact of a long–term hunting ban on local businesses in rural areas in Greece: a hypothetical scenario

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
K. G. Papaspyropoulos ◽  
◽  
J. Koufis ◽  
L. Tourlida ◽  
A. Georgakopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
Annual Earnings ◽  
Council Of State ◽  
The Impact

In December 2009, hunting was banned for a few days in Greece following the decision of the Council of State. The decision was issued when an animal rights organization claimed to the Court that there was no updated evidence about the impact of hunting on wild populations. This case prompted the present study, which focused on examining the hypothetical scenario of the possible impact of a long–term hunting ban on local businesses in rural areas in Greece. We carried out face–to–face interviews with entrepreneurs from the accommodation and food service sectors. Our results showed that most business owners interviewed considered the impact would be significant for their annual earnings. This finding should be taken into account by environmental decision makers because rural and mountainous areas in Greece are sparsely populated, and the few small businesses that still operate would not withstand drastic changes in rural tourism.

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