The influence of pregnancy duration of sows on the growth, development and livability of piglets during the pre-weaning period

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
R. Fayzullin ◽  
M. Sayfutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Large White ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Duration Of Gestation

The duration of gestation is one of the most important biological features of pigs, which affects the live weight of young animals at birth, the nature of their post-embryonic development, livability and future productivity, in particular the precocity and feed expenditures. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of the duration of sows’ gestation on the growth, development and livability of piglets during the pre-weaning period. The researches have been carried out on the basis of the farm of LLC “Russia” in the Mozhginsky district in the Udmurt Republic. Two groups of lactating sows of Large White breed have been formed for researches by using analogs method. The formation of groups of sows has been carried out taking into account the duration of gestation, age and number of farrows. It has been found as the result of the conducted researches that the piglets obtained from sows with the duration of gestation of 115,16 days significantly exceeded the herdmates born from sows with the duration of gestation of 110,08 days by live weight at birth by 6,40 %, live weight at weaning at the age of 30 days by 5,91 %, average daily gain by 5,85 % and the livability of piglets by 18,84 %. The indicator of the power of the influence of the duration of gestation on the live weight of piglets aged 30 days was 44,0 % with the Fischer confidence criterion (Fst) equal to 6,45 and the probability (reliability) of error-free forecasts at P > 0,99. The indicators of the power of the influence of the duration of pregnancy on the absolute and average daily weight gain, as well as on the number of piglets aged 30 days, respectively, were 43,0 and 46,0 %, with the Fisher confidence criteria of 6,26 and 6,91 and the probability of error-free forecasts P > 0,99 and P > 0,999, respectively. Positive correlation and regression coefficients have been found between the studied traits, which indicate that breeding for the duration of gestation will make it possible to increase the growth, development and livability of suckling piglets.

THE INFLUENCE OF AN LIVE WEIGHT OF THE PIGLETS AT BIRTH ON THEIR GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND THE FEED QUALITIES

1970 ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
R. А. Fayzullin ◽  
М. R. Sayfutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Large White ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

The investigation was carried out in the “Rossiya” LLC in Mozhginsky district of Udmurt Republic. For research three groups of piglets of large white breed at the age of 30 days after weaning from sows were formed according to live weight at birth. The live weight of hogs at birth were determined by their weighing individually. The first group consists of the pigs whit an average live weight at birth 1.25 kg in the amount of 18 heads and the second and third – pigs whit an average live weight under birth 1.45 and 1.71 kg in the amount 14 and 11 heads, respectively. The animals were kept in the group pens. Their feeding was executed fodder of the own production. The conditions of the animals feed and kept in the groups were the same. The aim of the research was to study of a growth, development, and the feed qualities of the hogs in the dependence on theirs of a live weight at birth. The growth and development study of the hogs was carried out by weighing them in 30 days, in 3 months, in 5 months, in 7 months. The study of the feed qualities was carried out taking into account an average daily gain, the expenses of fodder on 1 kg gain and a thickness of the fat over thoracic vertebrae. The obtained experimental data were processed with use of a tabular editor Microsoft Excel – 2010. The reliability of the difference arithmetic means was determined with use of a Student’s -test. Studies have shown that the piglets of the II and III groups surpassed their peers in the I in live weight in 30 days. – by 1.22-2.64 kg, 3 months – 4.56-9.52 kg, 5 months – 11.36-15.17 kg, 7 months – 15.30-15.89 kg (P> 0.999). In terms of average daily gain, fodder costs and fat thickness, the boars of the II and III groups surpassed their peers in the I by: 51.81-91.31 g, 0.29-1.67 fodder. units and 5.78-11.56 mm (P> 0.999), respectively.

The influence of the duration of gestation of sows on the development and the preservation of piglets in the suckling period

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
R. A. Faizullin ◽  
◽  
M. R. Saifutdinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young Animal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Large White ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Duration Of Gestation

The duration of gestation is one of the important characteristics of pigs, which affects on the live mass young animal under birth, the him postembryonic development and him future productivity, in particular on the early maturity and the spending of feeds. The aim of the researches was to study the influenceof the duration of gestation of sows on the growth, development and preservation of suckling piglets. The researches were contacted on the basis of the economy of LLC «Russia» of the Mozhginsky district of the Udmurt Republic. For conduct researches the method of the analogs was formed 2 groups of the sucking sows of large white breed. In the first group of sows the average duration of gestation was 110.08 days, and in the second group of sows – 115,16 days. The age of the sows was 36 months, and the number of farrow was 4. The number of the sows in the groups was 12 and 30 heads; respectively. In the results conducted researches was established that young animals obtained from the sows with duration of gestation – 115,16 days authentically exceeded peers born from sows with duration of gestation – 110,08 days on the live mass under birth – by 6,40%, live mass under weaning in the 30 days – by 5,91%, average daily gain – by 5,85% and the preservation of piglets – by 18,84%.

scholarly journals METHODS OF EVALUATION OF BREEDING VALUE OF LARGE WHITE BREED PIGS OF THE BREEDING PLANT OF SE “PASICHNA” DEPARTMENT OF KHMELNYTSK REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
I. V. Verbuch ◽  
H. V. Bratkovska
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Daily Gain

Goal. To accelerate the selection process and create populations of pigs with high level of productivity to assess the most effective modern methods breeding value of large white pigs in the SE "DG" Pasichna "Institute of Feed and Agriculture Podillya NAAS" Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region on the basis of a combined assessment of repair young for their own productivity and assessment meat qualities by MD Berezovsky and B. Tyler and the most promising method BLUP. Methods. Comparison, zootechnical and biometric analyzes. Results. The breeding value of pigs of large white breed of the breeding farm of SE "Pasichna" ICSGP NAAS "Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region by modern effective methods, namely: BLUP. According to the average indicators of the combined assessment of own productivity of animals at control fattening, taking into account their live weight on the date of birth and weaning, average daily gain, live weight and age of 100 kg, body length and fat thickness, boars significantly outweighed pigs. Compared with pigs, their live weight at the date of birth and weaning (at the age of 30 days) was higher by 0.1 and 0.81 kg. The age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg exceeded by 5.43 days, the average daily gain of 0.016 kg. Live weight and body length of pigs on the date of fat thickness measurement was greater by 4.04 kg and 1.03 cm. Lifetime fat thickness at three measurement points at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae, on the buttocks and in the midpoint of the back between withers and buttocks was thinner by 0.92; 0.94 and 1.06 mm. Evaluation indices of fattening and meat qualities by growth energy and fat thickness (Ia) and average daily gain and fat thickness (Iv) in boars indicate their higher level by 2.07 and 7.67 points compared to pigs and are equal to, respectively, 95.12 ± 1.95 and 152.96 ± 2.38 points. The coefficient of variability (Cv, %) of indicators of own productivity and estimated indices of fattening and meat qualities of repair boars ranged from 1.92% (body length on the date of fat thickness measurement, cm) to 15.12% (age of live weight 100 kg, days), repair pigs – from 4.63% (body length on the date of fat thickness measurement, cm) to 28.19% (index of assessment for growth energy and fat thickness, (Ia), points). The best average values of indicators of breeding value of animals are found on the basis of modern, most promising method BLUP, because it is considered in terms of mathematics, statistics and selection is the most accurate, well-founded, has the best theoretical basis and the lowest error variance. The average value of the BLUP index (parent lines) for boars of large white breed is 101.71 ± 1.681, pigs – 96.94 ± 0.724 points. At the same time, boars outweighed pigs by 4.77 points. The most positive correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning with their body length (r = 0.16), average daily gain (r = 0.19) and fat thickness (r = 0.24), the average correlation between the indices of fattening and meat qualities according to MD Berezovsky and B. Tyler (r = 0.56) P > 0.99 and the weak correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning and the BLUR index (r = 0,21) P > 0.99. It should be noted that there are almost no correlations between the fattening and meat quality indices of pigs and the BLUP index. Conclusions. In the conditions of breeding and specialized farms for the production of commercial pork in the region, to determine the breeding value of animals for further reproduction of their own herd and sale to other breeding farms of Ukraine, to systematically assess repair young animals for their own productivity and clear qualities of pigs and the most perfect BLUP index.

scholarly journals Генетичний та асоціативний аналіз однонуклеотидного поліморфізму g.22 G>C у гені катепсину F свиней різних порід

2018 ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
В. М. Балацький ◽  
В. О. Вовк ◽  
Т. В. Буслик ◽  
М. О. Ільченко ◽  
Є. К. Олійниченко
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Strength Of Association

Визначено генетичну структуру порід свиней велика біла, полтавська м’ясна, велика чорна і миргородська за геном катепсину F (CTSF g.22 G>C SNP), встановлено основні популяційні параметри. В усіх породах генетичний маркер характеризувався поліморфізмом при переважанні за частотою алеля g.22C. Рівень інформативності CTSF g.22 G>C SNP виявлено на оптимальному для асоціативного аналізу рівні (PIC= 0,358–0,375), що дозволяє здійснювати у досліджених субпопуляціях порід пошук зв’язків маркера з ознаками продуктивності свиней. У субпопуляції свиней великої білої породи української селекції проведено аналіз зв’язку генетичного маркера CTSF g.22 G>C SNP з показниками продуктивності тварин: віком досягнення живої маси 100 кг, товщиною шпику на рівні 6–7-го ребра, 10-го ребра, в області крижів і середньодобовим приростом  маси та селекційним індексом. Встановлено тенденцію до асоціації зазначеного генетичного маркера  з віком досягнення тваринами живої маси 100 кг (p=0,07). Lately, stud pig breeding has increasingly been getting based on the use of marker-associated selection (MAS) technology, which involves the genotyping of individuals according to the loci controlling economic characteristics and the use of the received molecular information for evaluating the genotypes of diferentt animal selection. A large number of candidate genes belonging to such loci (QTL – quantitative traits loci) that influence the reproductive, fattening and meat quality parameters of pigs have been established. But not so many genes and the corresponding DNA markers, which in terms of their informativity and the strength of association with the traits, can be effectively used in practical selection. The selection in pig breeding involves a set of measures that ensure the development of animal productivity improving the animal, herds and breeds. Effective breeding is not possible without involving new approaches that predict animal DNA genotyping by the chosen polymorhisms. Cathepsine F (CTSF) is the potential candidate for marker-assosiated selection, which directly participates in fat storing processes and meat qualities of pigs. The genetic structure of such pig breeds as Ukrainian Large White, Poltava Meaty, Ukrainian Large Black and Mirgorods’ka for cathepsin F gene (CTSF g.22 G> C SNP) was determined, and basic population parameters were established. In all populations, the genetic marker was characterized by polymorphism with the predominance of the g.22C allele frequency. The level of informativity of CTSF g.22 G> C SNP was found at the optimal level for associative analysis (PIC=0.358–0.375), which allows to search for marker associations with traits of pig productivity in the studied subspecies.  In the subpopulation of Ukrainian Large White breed, the analysis of the genetic marker CTSF g.22 G> C SNP was studied by the following traits: the age for reaching the live weight of 100 kg, the thickness of the backfat at the level of the 6th–7th rib, 10th ribs, in the sacrum area and the average daily weight gain. After the statistical analysis the tendency towards the association of the CTSF g.22 G> C genetic marker with the age parameter for reaching the live weight of 100 kg (p=0.07) was found. The other studied populations of pig breeds can further be used for associative researches in order to find assosiations between the chosen genetical marker and meat and backfat quality parameters.

scholarly journals The effective use of Pietren breed at purebred and crossbred selection

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
O. Khmeliova ◽  
R. Stavetska
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Experimental Group

The article highlights the problem of finding optimal variants of breeding process in a herd of pigs at purebred and crossbred selection. For this purpose, the control and two experimental groups were formed: ♀ Pietrain × ♂ Pietrain (control), ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (first experimental group), ♀ (Pietrain × Durok) × ♂ Pitren (second experimental group). The analysis of the animals performance in these groups was carried out in 40, 30 and 35 parities, respectively. The research was conducted on the basis of PE «Maglevovany M.I.» in the Donetsk region. It has been established that the higher level of reproductive characteristics have sows of first experimental group, which have heredity of Large White breed, this breed is traditionally considered as a maternal form in cross-breeding schemes. For instance, their litter size at birth is higher than the same indicator in the control and second experimental group (plus 0,5, P<0,05, and 0,3 piglets, respectively); by the litter size at weaning at 28 days (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,6 piglets); by the litter size at 2 months (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,4 piglets). The highest piglet survival at the age of 2 months was in the litters, whose ancestor were boars of Pietrain breed (second experimental group) − plus 3,6 and 2,3 %, respectively, compered to purebred piglets of Pietrain breed and the first experimental group. For such complex indexes as the litter weight at weaning and litter weight at 2 months the first experimental group had an advantage of 18,1 kg (P<0,001) and 31,1 kg (P<0,001) over the control group (purebred Pietrain) and 5,4 kg and 7,6 kg − over the second experimental group. However, the average piglet weight of sows of second experimental group both at 28 days and at 2 months are equal to the average piglet weight of the same age of the first experimental group. The piglets, which are descendants of boars of meat breeds Duroc and Pietrain show a tendency to the faster growth even in an early age. The avarage live weight of pigs of the second experimental group at the age of 100 days and 7 months is higher compared to avarage live weight of pigs of the same age of the control and the first experimental groups – plus 8,5–21,7 kg (P<0,01 for the second experimental group) and 4,4–13,5 kg (P<0,001 for the second experimental group), respectively. At the age of 100 days, the maximum average daily gain was obtained in the second experimental group with an advantage of 190 g (P<0,001) compared to control group and 115 g (P<0,001) compared to the first experimental group. It is obvious that hybrids with the faster growth, which were obtained through crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain reach a live weight of 100 kg in a shorter period: they need less time needed to reach 100 kg of live weight – 32 days less (P<0,001 ) compared to purebred animals of Pietrain breed (control group) and 18 days less (P<0,001) compared to hybrids ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (the first control group). By such an indicator as the fat thickness the hybrids of the second experimental group dominate by purebred pigs of the same age of the control group (minus 0,2 mm), that characterize the low ability of meat breed for getting fat. The fat thickness of hybrids of the second experimental group was less by 0,9 mm (P<0,001) compared to the pigs of the first experimental group. Thus, in this herd in order to improve the reproductive qualities of sows, it is suggested to use the crossbreeding scheme ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White and to improve the fattening qualities of young animals the optimal is scheme of crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain. Key words: pigs, Pietrain, Large White, Duroc, purebred and crossbred selection, reproductive and fattening qualities.

scholarly journals Cost-effective methods for evaluation of pig breeding value in breeding farms in Khmelnytskyi region

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
I. Verbuch ◽  
◽  
H. Bratkovska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Average Value ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Breeding Farms

The results of estimation of breeding value for Large White and Poltava meat pig breeds in breeding farms of the region by cost-effective methods are presented, namely: combined assessment of repair young stock on person’s productivity, estimation indices of fattening and meat qualities and new method BLUP. The best indicators for assessing the breeding value of animals were found on the basis of using the modern, most promising method BLUP, as it is considered the most accurate. The average value of the BLUP index (parent lines) for boars of Large White breed is 101.71±1.681, pigs – 96.94±0.724 points and Poltava meat breed, respectively, 106.23±2.167 and 93.65±0.719 points. The most positive correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning with their body length (r=0.16), average daily gain (r=0.19) and fat thickness (r=0.24), average correlation between the indices of fattening and meat qualities according to Berezovskyi M.D. and Tailer B. (r=0.56) P>0.99 and a weak correlation between live weight of piglets at weaning and the BLUR index (r=0.21) P>0.99.

scholarly journals Feeding and meat qualities of young pigs of different origin and intensity of formation in early ontogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Khalak ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
O. I. Stadnits’ka
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Early Ontogenesis ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Different Origin

The results of studies of fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of different origin and intensity of formation in early ontogenesis are presented.  The economic efficiency of the results of the studies is calculated. The study was conducted under the conditions of pedigree reproducer for breeding pigs of the large white breed of LTD “Druzhba-Kaznacheevka” of Dnipropetrovsk region. The object of study was young pigs of English and Hungarian origin, as well animals of varying intensity of formation in early ontogenesis. Estimation of young pigs by absolute and integrated indicators of fattening and meat qualities was carried out taking into account the following quantitative characteristics: average daily weight gain for the period of control fattening, kg, age of reaching live weight of 100 kg, days, thickness of the lard at the level of 6–7 thorax , mm, length of cooled carcass, cm, length of bacon half carcass, cm, index “intensity of formation” (∆t), selection index (SI) and “T-factor”. The economic efficiency of the results of the research was calculated according to the indicator "average daily increase of live weight during the period of control fattening, kg". The analysis of the results of the research shows that the young pigs of the large white breed of the control herd by the age of reaching the live weight of 100 kg were outweighed by the minimum requirements of the Instruction for pig testing by 9.78%, by the thickness of the lard at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae – by 30.33% and by length of the cooled carcass – by 3.52%. Taking into account the class of origin and index “intensity of formation, points” (∆t), the difference between the groups by age of reaching live weight of 100 kg, the thickness of the pelvis at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae and the length of the cooled carcass ranges from 2.24 to 8.03%. It was found that in terms of the main indicators of fattening and meat quality, the young pigs of the large white breed of Hungarian breeding are more consolidated (К1 = 0.085–0.344, К2 = 0.086–0.338). The maximum increment of additional production (average daily weight gain during the control fattening period, kg) was obtained from young pigs of large white breed of English origin (2.39%) and animals with index ∆t at the level of 0.619–0.748 points (1.38%). To evaluate the animals of the main herd (brood boars, sows) according to the fattening and meat characteristics of their offspring, we suggest the use of SI and T-factor breeding indices.

Indexes of reproductive ability and their repeatability in sows of different genotypes, taking into account the polymorphism g.1426g> a of the Mc4r gene

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Khalak ◽  
Vasyl Voloshchuk ◽  
Konstiantyn Pochernyaev ◽  
Serhii Smyslov ◽  
Maria Ilchenko
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Large White ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Consolidation Coefficient

The results of studies of the reproductive ability of sows of different genotypes are given taking into account the polymorphism g.1426G> A of the MC4R gene, the factor of repeatability of characters is determined, and the economic efficiency of the research results is calculated. The experimental part of the research was carried out in the conditions of the «Druzhba-Kaznacheevka» LTD in Dnipropetrovsk region. The objects of research were sows of the Large White breed. It was determined that sows of the main herd, according to signs of reproductive ability, belong to class I and class elite. The experiment showed that sows of genotype AG exceeded their peers of others (GG and AA) in terms of “born piglets total, heads” by 1.6 and 0.7 heads, “Live piglets born (multiple births), heads - by 1 6 and 0.9 heads, “the mass of the litter at the time of birth, kg” - by 2.7 - 1.3 kg., “the mass of the litter at the time of weaning at the age of 28-35 days, kg” - by 5, 1 - 3.9 kg. The difference between animals of the indicated genotypes is: for large-foetus - 0.06-0.01 kg, the index "evenness of the sow’s litter in live weight of piglets at birth, points" - 1.05-1.84 points, index of N. D. Berezovsky - 3.75 -2.36 points. The index of the safety of piglets before weaning ranged from 84.4 to 93.0 %. It was proved that the minimum value of the index “evenness of the sow’s littar in live weight of piglets at the time of birth, points (7.76 ± 1,082 points) are characterized by sows of genotype AA, in which the rate of multiple pregnancy ranged from 8 to 14 pigs, and the value of the sign“ large-foetus, kg "equaled 1.37 kg. The repeatability coefficient for sows of the main herd and sows of the Large White breed of different genotypes for the melanocortin 4 (MC4R) receptor gene ranges from -0.916 ± 0.1418 (І-IV farrow, genotype - GG, sign - “piglet safety before weaning, %) to 0.978 ± 0.0738 (I-V farrow, genotype - GG, sign - “large foetus”, kg ”). The maximum value of the phenotypic consolidation coefficient was found in sows of genotype AA according to the following quantitative characteristics: “live piglets (multiple births), heads.”, “litter weight at the time of birth, kg”, “litter weight at weaning age of 28-35 days, kg "," the safety of piglets before weaning ,% ". The sows of the genotype GG belong to the unconsolidated group according to the signs of reproductive qualities. The use of sows of the genotype for the melanocortin 4 (MC4R) AG receptor gene provides additional products at the level of 5.15 %, and its cost is 165.41 UAH /head. Keywords: sow, breed, reproductive ability, MC4R gene, genotypic consolidation coefficient, variability, correlation, repeatability.

scholarly journals Growth performance and fattening ability in castrated male and female East Balkan pigs reared organically in Strandzha mountain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Palova ◽  
Jivko Nakev ◽  
Teodora Popova ◽  
Maya Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract(An experiment with two groups of East Balkan pigs – castrated males (n=10) and females (n=10), was carried out to study the growth performance and fattening abilities of the animals from the weaning until slaughter. The pigs were included in the trial at 60 day age. The average live weight of the castrated males was 8. 65±1.08 kg and for the females, 8.5±0.62 kg.The pigs were reared using traditional technology, grazing on natural pastures in the Strandzha mountain, Bulgaria. In autumn, acorns were naturally present in their diet. According to the category, the animals additionally received ground organic feed (50% barley and 50% wheat). The trial lasted 304 days (from February to November, 2019). During this period the final live weight of the male castrated pigs reached 88.00 kg while that of the females was 84.4 kg. The difference, however, was not significant. Furthermore, no significant differences in the growth performance characteristics that could be attributed to the sex of the animals were observed. The average daily gain of both sexes tended to be lower in summer and higher in autumn. The feed conversion ratio was higher in summer. The animals showed high average daily weight gain at pasture when their live weight was over 50 kg.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION IN BREEDING SOWS

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
V. O. Melnik ◽  
O. O. Kravchenko ◽  
О. S. Kohut
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Breeding Farms

Improving of fertility indicators and reproductive qualities of sows during artificial insemination in farms of different specializations is very topical issue. The introduction of artificial insemination of sows on breeding farms by the spermdoses of optimum volume, by the frozen-thawed and sex sperm requires the introduction of innovative reproductive technologies. The use of economical methods of artificial insemination of sows using a minimum number of sperm in a small volume of spermdose in order to achieve high rates of fertility and prolificacy was proven in numerous experiments of the authors. Significantly reduced spermdose may be sufficient if the sperm enters deep enough into the uterus. Vitality of sperm does not depend on the size of spermdose, but the best place for sperm to survive one oviducts where they keep the fertilizing capacity from 9 to 27 hours. So deep intrauterine insemination of sows improves conditions for sperm survival The aim was to study the feasibility and justification for widespread implementation in to production on breeding farms of intrauterine insemination of sows morder to increase their fertilization and prolificacy and  to save the boar sperm with the highest index of breeding values. Experiments were conducted in terms of selection and genetic center of Agrofirm "Mig-Service-Agro" in Mykolaiv region. In the experiment used 65 sows of live weight of 280-320 kg wiht 2-4 farrowing were. Sows in sexual hunting were showed once daily in the morning using a boar-prober. Artificial insemination was performed twice: the first time - in the afternoon and at 14-16 p.m. The second time – in the morning of the next day at 9-10 am. For artificial insemination of sows were ed using experimental spermodes with volume of 40 ml which contained 1.5 billion of a Active sperm. For the dilution of sperm was used Durasperm - KRUUSE (Denmark) the period of sperm perpetuation is 5-7 days. To enter the were semen used catheters Magaplus S, (Spain) for intrauterine insemination of sows. Analysis shows that the period from weaning to insemination has significant difference comparing sows of large White breed with Landrace breed (p <0.001), with genotype sows F1 (p <0.01) and sows of the Duroc breed (p <0.05). For all selected 65 sows duration of suckling period, was estimated which averaged 32.2 days and the average time from weaning of pigs to their sexual inclination and the first intrauterine insemination 6.8 days that meets the physiological norm. After intrauterine insemination of sows of then 48 farrowed, which wich made for 73.9%. іncluding live 5 emergency farrow  were obtained, representing 10.4% of all amount. Percentage of farrow is considered physiologically normal – 80%, or more of total insemined sows. The very low percentage of farrow 53.3% had of sows F1, and the highest percentage was found by sows of the Duroc breed – 85.7%. Pregnency of sows were received just 17, which made 26.1% and highest percentage – 46.7% was set by sows F1. Analysis of the pregnancy sows shows that on average it is 116.2 days was the longest – 117.1 days was set in Landrace breed sows and the short est 115.5 days in Large White breed, but the difference is not significant. 571 pigs were received, іncluding live 451 head, which is 78.9%. The largest percentage of іncluding live piglets obtained from sows F1 – 82.5%, and the lowest in Landrace breeds – 77.0% and Large White – 77.3%. Exit of all piglets per sow without emergency farrowings is 12.2, іncluding live – 9,8. The highest yield were obtained piglets from sows F1 – 13.1, іncluding live – 10.9, the lowest yield of sows of the Duroc breed – 10.6, іncluding live 9.1, which has significant difference compared with the control (IDPs) and other breeds.  After intrauterine insemination 8 sows showed cyclic deregulation in 20-25 days, ie repeated sexual hunt took place on average 22.3 days. These sows were inseminated by not fractional way, they farrowed and an average litter just 13.1 piglets per sow, іncluding live - 11.3 was obtained. Repeating after intrauterine insemination on 45-48-49 day in the sexual hunt came about three sows for artificial insemination by not fractional method 3 farrowed and was obtained output – 13.3 piglets, іncluding live – 11.7. It should be noted that the best sow Large White breed №12 after intrauterine insemination bore 16 pigs, іncluding live 11, sow of Landrace breed №1556 – 18 pigs, іncluding live 12, Duroc №5888 – 13 pigs, іncluding live 11, sow F1 №167 – 20 pigs, іncluding live 14 pigs. Breeding requires more careful handling with major sows taking into account their breeding value and cost, that’s why we believe that there is no need to risk causing injury genitals with intrauterine insemination if a sufficient number of spermdoses of boars-sires exist.

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