Milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed when different genealogical lines combinations

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
O. I. Solovyova ◽  
E. I. Krestyaninova ◽  
O. V. Belyaev ◽  
D. F. Bochaev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Period Duration

One of the modern tasks of the agricultural complex in the light of the provisions of the country’s Food Security Doctrine is to accelerate the selection progress to breed animals of the desired type. A comparative evaluation of the milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed with different selection methods (intra-line breeding and genealogical line crosses) during the first lactation in the breeding farm “Barybino” – “Koalko-Agro” in the Moscow region has been presented in the article. It has been found that the highest indicators of milk productivity have been obtained when the genealogical lines were crossbred. Thus, when using sires of Pabst Governer 882933 line on cows of Montwick Chieftain 95679 line the milk yield was 8419 kg with fat content of 4,20 % and protein of 3,15 %, the open days period duration was 95 days. High productivity indicators have been characterized by cows from the combination of sires of line Wes Back Ideal 10134115 and cows of line Montwick Chieftain 95679 when milk yield was 8074 kg with fat content of 4,20 and protein of 3,10 %, the duration of the open days period was 117 days. The productivity of cows from the combination of sires of line Pabst Governor 882933 and cows of line Reflection Sovering 198998 was also characterized by high milk yield 8054 kg with fat content of 4,10 and protein of 3,0 %, the duration of the open days period was 107 days. Thus, the combination of genealogical lines has influence on the indicators of milk productivity and reproductive traits of highly productive cows, which must be taken into account when conducting breeding work.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КОРОВ ХОЛМОГОРСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ С РАЗЛИЧНОЙ СТЕПЕНЬЮ ГОЛШТИНИЗАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КОМИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. NIKOLAEV ◽  
N.A. SHEMURANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Use

Представлены данные о продуктивности коров холмогорской породы и их помесей с различной степенью голштинизации. В период с 2000 по 2019 год установлено, что в условиях Республики Коми коровы с долей кровности более 75 по голштинской породе превосходят чистопородный холмогорский скот по показателям молочной продуктивности и жира в молоке за 1-ю лактацию на 40,3 и 0,63 абс., а в 3-ю на 52,8 и 0,64 абс., соответственно. Однако повышение молочности за лактацию не приводит к увеличению пожизненного производства молока, что обусловлено снижением продолжительности хозяйственного использования. У коров с долей кровности по голштинам более 75 средний возраст выбытия составляет 2,400,11 отела, что в 1,5 раза меньше по сравнению с чистопородными животными.Наибольший пожизненный удой имеют животные с кровностью 50, полученные при скрещивании чистопородного голштинского и холмогорского скота (19850618 кг), а наименьший с кровностью 2550 при разведении помесей в себе (123281134 кг). Продукция молочного жира за все лактации у коров с кровностью 50 составляет 799,625,3 кг, что в 1,9 раз больше аналогичного показателя животных с долей кровности до 25. При учете молочной продуктивности на 1 день жизни животного установлено, что наибольший показатель наблюдается у коров с кровностью 50 7,4 кг молока натуральной жирности, а при пересчете на базисную жирность (3,4) у высококровных (более 75) по голштинской породе помесей (9,00,3 кг), где также наблюдается наибольший показатель производства молочного жира на 1 день жизни 307,310,1 г.The article presents data on the productivity of cows of the Kholmogorskaya breed and their crosses with varying degrees of holsteinische. In the course of studies conducted in the period from 2000 to 2019, it was found that in the Komi Republic, cows with a blood content of more than 75 of the Holstein breed outperform pure-bred Kholmogorsky cattle in terms of milk productivity and fat in milk for the first lactation by 40.3 and 0.63, and in the third by 52.8 and 0.64 respectively. However, an increase in milk yield per lactation does not lead to an increase in lifetime milk production, which is due to a decrease in the duration of economic use: in cows with a Holstein blood ratio of more than 75, the average leaving age is 2.400.11 calving, which is 1.5 times less than in purebred animals. The highest lifetime yield is given to animals with a blood content of 50 obtained by crossing Chi-pedigree Holstein and Kholmogorsky cattle (19850618 kg), and the lowest with a blood content of 2550 when breeding crossbreeds in themselves (123281134 kg). The production of milk fat during all lactation in cows with a blood content of 50 is 799.625.3 kg, which is 1.9 times more than in animals with a blood content of up to 25. When accounting for milk production on a day in the life of an animal is established that the highest milk yield observed in cows with percentage of the blood 50 and 7.4 kg of milk, natural fat content, and at recalculation on basic fat content (3.4) from 75 of the Holstein breed hybrids (9.00.3 kg), which also has the highest production of milk fat on day 1 of life 307.310.1 grams

The level of milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows depending on the duration of the open days period

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
I. E. Ivanova ◽  
N. E. Otekina ◽  
M. A. Sitnikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Group

The open days period is one of the components of the physiological cycle of the cow, during which it must be prepared for effective insemination. The duration of this period as a production indicator gives a general idea of the reproductive traits of the herd as a whole, and of each animal in particular. In order to increase milk production, it is possible to extend the open days period to obtain a longer lactation. Studies of this issue show that at the same time the dry period also extends and the average daily milk yield as the whole for lactation decreases. The purpose of the research was to determine the level of milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows depending on the duration of the open days period. The research has been carried out under the conditions in the APC “Emurtlinsky” in the Tyumen region, which is a breeding farm for the breeding of cattle of Holstein breed. It has been found that with an increase in the duration of the open days period from 93 days in the control group to 146 days in the experimental group the duration of barrenness was 3 and 56 days, respectively. It has been found that on the 1st day of milk yield per cow, the milk loss was 4,9 kg, and the absolute annual milk loss in the cows of the experimental group was in the range of 275 kg. The conducted studies suggest that with the increase in the duration of calving interval, there is the decrease in the milk yield of cows per year. The use of cows with the increase in the open days period above the norm recommended by specialists is unjustified. The increase in milk yield due to the lengthening of the lactation period is not effective, because it eventually leads to the increase in the number of days of barrenness and milk loss.

scholarly journals GENETIC AND POPULATION PARAMETERS OF UKRAINIAN RED DAIRY COWS DEPENDING ON CONDITIONAL BREEDING BY HOLSTINA BREED

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
T. P. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Age Related

A significant level of intergroup differentiation and specificity of cows with different proportions of conditional blood by Holstein breed on the basis of milk productivity was revealed. There is a tendency of some increase in milk yield of cows with an increase in their conditional blood content by Holstein breed over 50% and above and a decrease in milk fat content by 0.16%. Our research has established quite significant recurrence rates for the considered signs of milk productivity at the highest degrees of probability, which indicates the possibility of effective selection of cows on the basis of milk productivity for the first lactation. Age-related recurrence of signs of milking between the first and higher lactation is higher than the same in terms of fat content in milk. At the same time, there is a clear trend of a gradual increase in the coefficients of recurrence of both quantitative and qualitative composition of the milk of cows of the herd with an increase in their conditional blood content by Holstein breed. The only exceptions are low-blooded animals (up to 50%). One-factor analysis of variance revealed a very insignificant and unreliable effect of heredity by Holstein breed on the hopes of cows for both the first and higher lactation. The influence of conditional blood by Holstein breed on the variability of fat content in milk is slightly higher (11–15%) at the highest levels of reliability. Correlation analysis of signs of milk yield and fat content in milk for both the first and higher lactation revealed mostly low values of correlation coefficients with a predominantly low degree of reliability. There was some increase in the correlation and change of its direction from negative to positive in high-blooded Holstein animals. Significant variability of coefficients of phenotypic consolidation of cows of different conditional bloodlines by Holstein breed on the main signs of milk productivity is noted. There is a tendency to reduce the coefficients of phenotypic consolidation of signs of milk productivity, in addition to the fat content in milk, with an increase in conditional blood in Holstein breed to 75% and above and in low-blooded animals (up to 50%).

scholarly journals Options for genetic-biochemical markers in connection with dairy productivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Y. Bodnaruk ◽  
P. V. Bodnar ◽  
A. J. Zhmur ◽  
L. I. Muzyka ◽  
Y. G. Kropyvka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Protein Separation ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Biochemical Systems

The purposeful creation and use of highly productive animals largely depends on information laid down in their genes that control valuable economic useful features. The actual task is to identify and use marker genes that are responsible for displaying a certain sign of animals, in particular, the level of milk productivity. To create new forms of animals with a combination of high productivity and adaptability to various factors of external influences, for this purpose, for a long time in Ukraine, work was carried out to improve the Simmental cattle using the Red-Spoptted Holstein breed. It was supposed to that the increase in the number of animals with a part of the heredity of Red-Spoptted Holstein to 70–80% will allow to receive herds, which are characterized by good adaptive capacity, fat-dairy, high growth and meat qualities, as well as high milk yield. The searches were carried out on cows (pure-bred Simmentals and between ½ and ¾ in terms of the heredity of the Red-Spoptted Holstein breed), which were divided into groups with different levels of milk productivity for the first lactation (on the milk yield and content of fat in milk). The genetic structure was estimated by genetically determined polymorphism of groups of genetic-biochemical systems. Experiments were conducted on erythrocytes and blood plasma.Blood from animals was taken from a jugular vein in a heparin test tube. Polymorphism of proteins and enzymes was evaluated using a method of electrophoretic protein separation in 13% starch gel in horizontal chambers followed by histochemical staining. The obtained data testify that differences of animals on such parameters of dairy as milk yield for 305 days of the first lactation and the content of fat in milk is accompanied by unequal differentiation of their genetic structures by different genetic-biochemical systems. With the difference in milk yield, the most pronounced changes are observed with the transferrin locus, and in the analysis of groups of animals differing in the fat content of milk – by the AM-1 locus. This suggests that, based on such cases of negative correlations between these features, specific interlocal interactions may be based on different genetic and biochemical systems. It can be argued that the development of such searches may lead to the discovery of characteristic genotypes by a complex of genetic-biochemical systems, closely related to the corresponding complex of economic useful features.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPE FEATURES APPEARANCE OF DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT UKRAINIAN DAIRY BLACK-AND-WHITE BREED COWS GENOTYPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Pendyuk ◽  
V. V. Fedorovych ◽  
N. P. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
A Share

The main task of breeding in dairy cattle breeding is to raise dairy productivity of cows. Improvement of productive qualities of domestic dairy cattle with the use of Holstein breeders of high breeding value led to serious disadvantages, including impairment of animal health, reproductive capacity and quality of milk. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to examine the milk productivity of cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and ascertain the relationship between quantitative and qualitative indicators of milk. Research conducted at agricultural limited liability company "Lishche" Lutsk district of Volyn region on cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. 5 groups of animals were formed: I − cows with a proportion of Holstein breed 75% or less, II − with a share Holstein heredity 75.1–81.25%, III − Holstein heredity share 81.26–87.50%, ІV − with a share of the heredity of the Holstein 87.51–93.75% and V − with a share of the heredity of the Holstein more than 93.75%. Evaluation of milk productivity was carried out by milk yield, fat content in milk and the amount of milk fat for the first, second, third and highest lactations according to the data of zootechnical accounting. It was found that the largest number of animals under control (33.7%) was with the relative share of Holstein heredity of 81.26–87.50%, and the lowest (9.3%) was with relative share of the Holstein breed's heredity more than 93.75%. Analysis of the level of milk yield of cows of different genotypes showed that the increase of Holstein heredity increases milk yields, however, significantly reduces the fat content of milk. If the animals have a share of Holstein heredity up to 75% the milk yields was 5154, and the amount of milk fat − 199.7 kg, and cows with hereditary of 75.10–81.25% showed figures increased by 16.4 and 15.5%, with Holstein heredity 81.26–87.50% by 23.3 and 20.8%, Holstein heredity 87.51–93.75% for 26.1 and 23.2% and with Holstein heredity more than 93.75% for 34.8 and 31.4%, and fat content in milk, on the contrary, decreased, depending on the genotype of animals, by 1.6–2.3%. In all in the above cases, these changes were highly significant (P < 0.001). The effectiveness of breeding on increasing the milk productivity of cows depends on the efficiency of selection and selection of animals, taking into account the phenotypic and genetic correlation between economically useful features. It was found that the studied cows of all genotypes had highest highly reliable (P < 0.001) positive values of correlation coefficients between milk yield and milk fat (Table 2). These features are the most predicted because strong relationship between them (r = 0.912–0.987). There was also observed direct positive ligament (r = 0.039–0.533, P < 0.05–0.001) between fat content in milk and milk fat content, and mostly weak, and only in some cases correlation coefficients had average values. The cows of the studied genotypes had the lowest and for the most part unreliable values of relative variability by the milk yields and fat content milk. The heifers with conditional share of Holstein heredity, more than 75% had negative and weak relationship features, and the older cows were diversified from weak to average values. One of the reliable criteria for determining the level of heredity of features is the coefficient of frequency, which indicates their heredity stability in age. Coefficients of age-related frequency of milk yield, fat content of milk and the highest milk fat content of cows with a conditional share of Holstein heredity of up to 75% had indicating a higher degree of heredity of these features compared to high half-bred cows. With the increasing of heredity of the Holstein breed the genotype of controlled animals values were decreasing for the most part. The most significant and reliable (P < 0.001) genotype of animals affected milk yields (13.3–18.1% of the total variability of this feature), less – the fat content of milk (9.3–13.2% (P < 0.001) and the amount of milk fat (6.6–14.1% (P < 0.001), with the highest genotype influence on the studied features indicated in the first lactation.

Productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed of different origin

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
O. I. Solovyova ◽  
E. I. Krestyaninova ◽  
T. Yu. Khalikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Nutrition Standards ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Back in Soviet times, the Institute of nutrition of the Academy of medical Sciences of the USSR had recommended in scientifi cally based nutrition standards that milk and dairy products should be in the diet of the population at least 30 % of all nutrients consumed by each person per day. According to scientists and practitioners breeding work in dairy cattle breeding is aimed at improving existing and creating new highly productive breeds, types and lines, herds of animals, as well as their rational use for the production of milk and beef. A comparative assessment of milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed of diff erent origin along lines during three lactations in the breeding farm “Barybino” – “Koalko-agro” in the Moscow region has been presented in the article. It has been found that the best result in milk yield for the 1st lactation was obtained from cows of Wes Back Ideal 10134115 line – 7897 kg, with fat content of 4,20 % and protein content of 3,20 % in milk . The milk yield of cows of other lines of Refl ection Sovereign 198998, Montwick Chieftain 95679 and Pabst Governor 882933 was 7787, 7607, 7879 kg of milk, respectively. In general, in all lines there is a pattern of increasing milk yield before the second lactation and some of its decrease by the third lactation. According to the length of the open days period after the fi rst and third calving, it has been found that the cows of line Montwick Chieftain 95679 had the longest open days period equal to 149 and 179 days.

CONSEQUENCES OF “HOLSTEINIZATION” OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-PIED DAIRY BREED BY GENE BOLA-DRB3.2

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
T. M. Suprovych ◽  
M. P. Suprovych ◽  
R. V. Kolinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Specific Pcr

Introduction. The main direction of increasing the productivity of milk is to increase the proportion of heredity of the Holstein breed in the genotype of cows. Industrial breeds in Ukraine are improving due to the increase in the Holstein inheritance in the genotype of cows. The "holsteinization" of the most widespread domestic Black-and-White diary breed is intensively conducted. Currently, the percentage of heredity from Holstein is 90% or more. The negative effect of "holsteinization" appeared in reducing the resistance of animals to diseases that led to the spread of necrobacterial pathology. The control of the spread of necrobacteriosis can be based on genetic markers. Important markers can be the allele of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene responsible for the formation of adaptive immunity. Due to the ambiguity of the results of "holsteinization", the following tasks were solved: To study the genetic structure of the herd for the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene at the beginning of the "holsteinization" and now. To compare the detected genetic structures with the alleles spectrum of North American Holstein and identify quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the herd genotype. To determine the effect of "holsteinization" on the dynamics of milk production and the state of morbidity by necrobacteriosis. Materials and methods of research. Comparison of alleles of population of the Ukrainian Black-Pied Dairy (UBPD) breed and Holstein breed was conducted to detect the consequences of "holsteinization" on milk yield and incidence of necrobacteriosis. The data of the allelic polymorphism of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene of the UBPD10 (2010, n = 162), UBPD15 (2015, n = 114) and two Holstein populations of the USA and Canada were collected. The allelic spectrum was determined by the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene was performed using 2-step PCR with the use of primers HLO-30, HLO-31 and HLO-32 and allele-specific PCR. Restriction analysis was performed with endonuclease RsaI, HaeIII, BstYI (XhoII). Restriction fragments were separated by electrophoresis in 4% agarose gel. Counting of allele frequencies was performed taking into account the number of homozygotes and heterozygotes found for the corresponding alleles. To determine the phylogenetic relationships between the populations of the studied herds, genetic distance and genetic similarity were determined by the M. Nei method. Individual dairy productivity of cows was estimated for all lactation (regardless of its duration). Average milk yields were determined as the total volume of milk produced divided by the number of dairy cows. Results and discussion. The breeding measures carried out led to the accumulation of alleles characteristic of the Holstein breed. For Holstein, there are eight alleles with a frequency of more than 4%. It is alleles *03, *07, *08, *11, *16, *22, *23, *24. A high degree of consolidation of weighty alleles can be outlined. In total they occupy 84,6% of allele spectrum of the population. Consolidation of such alleles in the herd of the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed is much lower - only 52.2%, although it increased by 6.2% over 5 years. Alleles *10, *13 and *28 are "weighty" for the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed, but they are almost non-existent in Holsteins. The genetic similarity of the herd UBPD15 and Holstein increased by ΔI = 0,085, and the genetic distance between the herds of the UBPD increased by ΔD = 0,085 for 5 years. The comparison of the allele spectrum of Holstein and the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed shows both the accumulation and the elimination of alleles associated with high productivity. The largest consolidation is typical for alleles *24 (+ 6.75%) and *16 (+ 4.65%). The frequency of "milk" alleles *22 and *08 decreased, respectively, by 4.14 and 1.27%. Alleys, which cause low milk productivity, have the following dynamics: * 23 + 2.53%, *11 – 0.67 and *28 – 0.26. The accumulation of alleles *16 and *23 (7.18%) was found that are associated with predisposition to necrobacteriosis and elimination of *03 and *22 alleles (4.75%) that influence on this disease. Conclusions. It is determined that the role of alleles characteristic for Holstein is increasing in the the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary herd. Breeding measures for holsteinization are conducted in the right direction. There is accumulation of alleles associated with high milk productivity and predisposition to necrobacteriosis. It positively affects the growth of milk production and negatively affects the incidence of necrobacteriosis.

COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN SERF «OLEKSANDRIVSKE»

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Gladiy ◽  
G. S. Kovalenko ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
G. A. Holyosa ◽  
A. V. Tuchyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of dairy breeds selection should be improving breeding and productive qualities of animals under modern conditions. The majority of farms, using native breeds to produce milk, has created optimal conditions for keeping and feeding, selection and matching, growing of replacements etc. Further improvement of created native dairy breeds for economically useful traits occurs at total use of purebred Holstein bulls (semen) of foreign selection. In order to realistically assess milk productivity (milk yield, fat content in milk and fat yield) of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White Dairy cows should be conducted a comparative analysis of Holstein cows under the same conditions of feeding and keeping. It was established that Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows were characterized by the highest milk yields for 305 days of all lactations, taken into account, the among three investigated breeds. Their milk yield during the first lactation was 5933 kg of milk, during the second – 6393 kg, the third – 6391 kg and during higher lactation – 6650 kg. Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows were second by milk yield (except for the second lactation), during the first lactation – 5932 kg of milk, the third – 6462 kg and higher – 6541 kg, and Holstein cows were third, during the first lactation – 5794 kg of milk, the second – 6381 kg, the third – 6335 kg and higher – 6469 kg. The fat content was almost the same and varied within 3.49-3.58% in milk of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cattle, 3.50-3.60% in milk of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and 3.50-3.56% in Holsteins’ milk. The difference between the breeds was within 0.01-0.04%. All the investigated breeds had predominance in fat yield for three lactations over standards of these breeds: Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows from 75.1 to 93.4 kg, Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows – 75.1-89.0 kg respectively and Holstein cows – 41.9-60.2 kg. It was found different level of positive correlation between milk yield and fat yield in all the cases and high correlation (r = 0.604-0.921, P < 0.001) in five cases (41.7%) Negative correlation coefficients indicate that selection of animals to higher milk yield in the herd will decrease the second trait – fat content in milk. Positive and highly significant correlation between milk yield and fat yield indicates that selection of cows in the herd to higher milk yields will increase fat yield. It was revealed that bulls were among the factors impacted the milk productivity (milk yield, fat content, fat yield) of three investigated breeds. So, the force (η²x) of father’s impact on milk yield was15.4-47.9%, fat content – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7% taking into account a lactation and a breed. The force of lines impact (η²x) was second; it was on milk yield 6.1-24.5%, fat content – 4.1-17.1 and fat yield – 5.8-23.5%. The force of breeds impact (η²x) was last; it was on milk yield 0.3-2.9%, fat content – 0.2-0.3% and fat yield – 0.6-2.7%. So, the comparative studies of milk productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White and Black-and-White Dairy cattle with Holsteins indicate that under similar conditions of feeding and keeping, these native breeds can compete with Holstein cattle. The milk yield for 305 days of higher lactation was 6650 kg of milk in Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows, 6541 kg in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows and 6469 kg in Holsteins. It was found the inverse correlation r = -0.025-0.316 between milk yield and fat content in milk in most cases. Selection and matching of animals in the herd should be carried out simultaneously on these traits. It was found positive repeatability of milk yields between the first and second, the third and higher lactations (rs = 0.036-0.741), indicating the reliability of forecasting increase in milk productivity during the next lactations in all herd. Bulls have the greatest impact (η²x) on milk productivity among the factors taken into account: milk yield – 15.4-47.9%, fat content in milk – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7%.

Productive and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers of different origin under the conditions in LLC “Green lines – Kaluga”

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
N. M. Kostomakhin ◽  
T. N. Pimkina ◽  
O. A. Voronkova ◽  
M. A. Gabedava ◽  
E. G. Cheremukha
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Linear Selection ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
Different Origin

Dairy cattle breeding have always occupied and will continue to occupy one of the leading places in the agro-industrial complex in our country. The most eff ective method of improving existing breeds according to opinion of a number of scientists is selection in line breeding. At the same time the evaluation of breeding sires by the quality of offspring is the cornerstone of breeding work. The purpose of the research was to analyze the influence of breeding sires, as well as their linear affiliation on the economically useful characteristics of first-calf heifers under specific conditions of maintenance and use. An analysis of the milk productivity and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers of different origin by sires and different line belonging has been presented in the article. The results of intra-linear selection and crosses of genealogical lines and their influence on the productive and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers have been evaluated. The research was carried out in LLC “Green Lines-Kaluga” of the Kaluga region. It has been established that for fixing in the genotype of the offspring of plentiful milk and fat milk in purebred breeding, it is necessary to use the following sires: Aragon 2102, Tabor 1292, Lira 2047, Phlox 1448, Chudny 1167, Yalik 397, Tabun 1277, as well as intra-linear selection in the line of Montwick Chieftain 9567929 and crosses of lines in combinations: Siling Traijun Rocket 252803 – Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 – Siling Traijun Rocket 252803. In order to reduce the age of the first insemination of maternal stock we recommend using a combination of lines: Wes Ideal 933122 – Montwick Chieftain 9567929, Wes Ideal 933122 – Reflection Sovereign 198998, Montwick Chieftain 9567929 – Wes Ideal 933122, Montwick Chieftain 9567929 – Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Siling Trijun Rocket 252803 – Wes Ideal 933122.

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