CONSEQUENCES OF “HOLSTEINIZATION” OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-PIED DAIRY BREED BY GENE BOLA-DRB3.2

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
T. M. Suprovych ◽  
M. P. Suprovych ◽  
R. V. Kolinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Specific Pcr

Introduction. The main direction of increasing the productivity of milk is to increase the proportion of heredity of the Holstein breed in the genotype of cows. Industrial breeds in Ukraine are improving due to the increase in the Holstein inheritance in the genotype of cows. The "holsteinization" of the most widespread domestic Black-and-White diary breed is intensively conducted. Currently, the percentage of heredity from Holstein is 90% or more. The negative effect of "holsteinization" appeared in reducing the resistance of animals to diseases that led to the spread of necrobacterial pathology. The control of the spread of necrobacteriosis can be based on genetic markers. Important markers can be the allele of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene responsible for the formation of adaptive immunity. Due to the ambiguity of the results of "holsteinization", the following tasks were solved: To study the genetic structure of the herd for the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene at the beginning of the "holsteinization" and now. To compare the detected genetic structures with the alleles spectrum of North American Holstein and identify quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the herd genotype. To determine the effect of "holsteinization" on the dynamics of milk production and the state of morbidity by necrobacteriosis. Materials and methods of research. Comparison of alleles of population of the Ukrainian Black-Pied Dairy (UBPD) breed and Holstein breed was conducted to detect the consequences of "holsteinization" on milk yield and incidence of necrobacteriosis. The data of the allelic polymorphism of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene of the UBPD10 (2010, n = 162), UBPD15 (2015, n = 114) and two Holstein populations of the USA and Canada were collected. The allelic spectrum was determined by the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene was performed using 2-step PCR with the use of primers HLO-30, HLO-31 and HLO-32 and allele-specific PCR. Restriction analysis was performed with endonuclease RsaI, HaeIII, BstYI (XhoII). Restriction fragments were separated by electrophoresis in 4% agarose gel. Counting of allele frequencies was performed taking into account the number of homozygotes and heterozygotes found for the corresponding alleles. To determine the phylogenetic relationships between the populations of the studied herds, genetic distance and genetic similarity were determined by the M. Nei method. Individual dairy productivity of cows was estimated for all lactation (regardless of its duration). Average milk yields were determined as the total volume of milk produced divided by the number of dairy cows. Results and discussion. The breeding measures carried out led to the accumulation of alleles characteristic of the Holstein breed. For Holstein, there are eight alleles with a frequency of more than 4%. It is alleles *03, *07, *08, *11, *16, *22, *23, *24. A high degree of consolidation of weighty alleles can be outlined. In total they occupy 84,6% of allele spectrum of the population. Consolidation of such alleles in the herd of the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed is much lower - only 52.2%, although it increased by 6.2% over 5 years. Alleles *10, *13 and *28 are "weighty" for the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed, but they are almost non-existent in Holsteins. The genetic similarity of the herd UBPD15 and Holstein increased by ΔI = 0,085, and the genetic distance between the herds of the UBPD increased by ΔD = 0,085 for 5 years. The comparison of the allele spectrum of Holstein and the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed shows both the accumulation and the elimination of alleles associated with high productivity. The largest consolidation is typical for alleles *24 (+ 6.75%) and *16 (+ 4.65%). The frequency of "milk" alleles *22 and *08 decreased, respectively, by 4.14 and 1.27%. Alleys, which cause low milk productivity, have the following dynamics: * 23 + 2.53%, *11 – 0.67 and *28 – 0.26. The accumulation of alleles *16 and *23 (7.18%) was found that are associated with predisposition to necrobacteriosis and elimination of *03 and *22 alleles (4.75%) that influence on this disease. Conclusions. It is determined that the role of alleles characteristic for Holstein is increasing in the the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary herd. Breeding measures for holsteinization are conducted in the right direction. There is accumulation of alleles associated with high milk productivity and predisposition to necrobacteriosis. It positively affects the growth of milk production and negatively affects the incidence of necrobacteriosis.

CHANGE OF NUMBER AND DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL OF HIGH PRODUCTIVE COWS’ FAMILIES BY THE INFLUENCE OF THE FEEDING FACTOR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.П. КАРТАШОВА ◽  
Э.В. ФИРСОВА
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adaptive Abilities

Дана оценка влияния фактора кормления на численность коров в высокопродуктивных семействах голштинской породы черно-пестрой масти и уровень их молочной продуктивности. Исследования проведены в хозяйстве Мурманской области в 2008—2018 годах. Выявлено, что в результате ухудшения условий кормления животных численность стада за анализируемый период сократилась на 21% и составила 728 голов, количество семейств уменьшилось на 61,1%. Также сократилось число представительниц семейств — от 80% в наиболее крупных (16 и более голов) до 40,8% в семействах численностью от 5 до 9 голов. Наиболее уязвимыми и чувствительными к изменениям условий кормления оказались семейства, средняя продуктивность которых составила 10000 кг молока и более. Удой коров в этих группах снизился на 1172—4736 кг молока, а число представительниц в каждом семействе сократилось на 2—19 голов. При равных условиях кормления из числа семейств с высокими удоями коров выделены семейства с наилучшими адаптивными способностями. Семейство Армии 1211 сократилось на 10 голов, но при этом сохранило высокую молочную продуктивность (10262 кг). В семействе Вольной 547 численность уменьшилась на 2 головы, а молочная продуктивность на 1172 кг, но при этом осталась на довольно высоком уровне и составила 9273 кг молока. Наиболее устойчивыми к изменениям в кормлении оказались семейства с молочной продуктивностью 8000—9000 кг молока. В них произошло незначительное сокращение численности коров (на 2—5 голов), а молочная продуктивность сохранилась на уровне 2008 года. The assessment of the feeding factor influence on the number of cows in the high productive families of black-and-white Holstein breed and the level of milk productivity was given. The research was conducted in the farm in the Murmansk Region at 2008—2018. It was revealed that the herd decreased by 21% and amounted of 728 animals, the number of families decreased by 61.1% for the analyzed period as a result of a significant deterioration in the feeding conditions of animals. The number of family's representatives has also decreased - from 80% in the largest families (16 or more animals) to 40.8% in the families with 5 to 9 animals. The most vulnerable and sensitive to changes in feeding conditions families were ones with average productivity 10,000 kg of milk or more. The milk yield decreased by 1172—4736 kg of milk and the number of representatives in each family decreased by 2—19 in these groups of animals. It was identified families with the best adaptive abilities from the high productive families by equal feeding conditions. The family Armiya 1211 decreased by 10 heads but kept high milk productivity (10262 kg). In the family Volnaya 547 the number decreased by 2 heads, milk production decreased by 1172 kg but remained at a high level and was 9273 kg of milk. Families with milk productivity of 8000-9000 kg of milk were the most resistant to changes in feeding. In these families, there was a slight decrease in the number of cows (by 2—5 animals), and milk productivity kept at the 2008 level.

PSIX-12 “Lamarin Saldonum” for the raising of milk production of cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Sergey Anikin ◽  
Natalia Shemuranova ◽  
Natalia Garifullina ◽  
Andrey Filatov ◽  
Alexander Sapozhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Daily Amount ◽  
Japanese Kelp ◽  
Additive Control ◽  
Average Daily Amount

Abstract The aim of the research was to establish the effectiveness of the use of the feed additive “Lamarin Saldonum.” The feed additive contains Japanese kelp, milk thistle, to increase the milk productivity during the milking period. The studies were conducted on 40 cows of the black-and-white Holstein breed at the age of 2–4 lactation and the amount of milk for the last lactation not less than 7,500 kg. The cows were divided into 4 groups (GE1, GE2, GE3, GC) of 10 heads in each. Cows GE1, GE2, GE3 received 30 days before calving daily feed additive in doses of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 g/kg, respectively, for 60 days. In the GC animals didn’t receive the feed additive (control group). Control milking was performed every 10 days. Using of feed additive in the ration increased milk productivity. In the 1st month of lactation, the average daily amount of milk in GC was 24.00±0.93 kg, which is 7.4%, 19.6% (P < 0.01), 7.4% less than in GE1, GE2 and GE3, respectively. In the 2nd month, the highest average daily amount of milk in GE2 and GE3, which is 13.4% (P < 0.01) and 4.6% more than the GC, respectively. In the 3rd month, the average daily amount of milk in GE1, GE2, and GE3 was 30.22±2.44 kg, 39.57±2.68 kg, 35.11±2.59 kg, respectively, which is 6.8%, 39.9% (P < 0.01), 24.1% more than in GC. The mass fraction of fat in milk in animals GE1, GE2, GE3 was 0.2–0.92%(P < 0.01) higher than in GC. In the second month of lactation, the mass fraction of protein in GE2 was higher by 0.24% (P < 0.01), in GE3–by 0.14 (P < 0.05) relative to GC. At the 3rd month of lactation, the protein content in milk was 0.29% higher in GE2 (P < 0.001) and GE3-by 0.21% (P < 0.001) than in GC.

scholarly journals Milk productivity of first-calf cows depending on the intensity of their breeding

2022 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
L. L. Petrukhina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Analytical Variation

The paper presents the results of studies of milk productivity of black-and-white cows depending on the age of the first insemination and live weight at the first calving in the conditions of the Irkutsk region. The dynamics of heifer rearing by year, milk productivity of cows in the 1st and 3rd lactations depending on the intensity of their development has been studied. The experiment was conducted on farm materials from the Irkutsk Region using generally accepted zootechnical, analytical, variation and statistical research methods from 2016 to 2020. Live weight of heifers at all ages met the requirements of the elite and elite-record classes. Analysis of the data showed that the growth rate of the animals increased during 5 years (6.0%, 6.8, 2.3 and 4.8% respectively with a significant difference p ≥ 0.90). With the increased intensity of heifer rearing, an increase in milk yield over 305 days of the first lactation was observed. The highest milk production was noted in the 1st (5309-5476 kg) and 3rd (5418-5817 kg) lactations in cows with the first fruitful insemination at 13-14 months. The lowest 1st and 3rd lactation yields are obtained from cows inseminated at 20 months of age or older. Higher milk production in the first and third lactations was obtained from cows with a live weight at first calving of 541-550 kg, 551 kg and higher (5197-5164, 5436-5545 kg respectively). Less milk production was obtained from cows with a live weight at first calving of up to 500 kg (4567-5122, 4943-5009 kg). The results obtained make it possible to reveal the influence of the intensity of rearing heifers on the productive qualities of cows.

Milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed when different genealogical lines combinations

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
O. I. Solovyova ◽  
E. I. Krestyaninova ◽  
O. V. Belyaev ◽  
D. F. Bochaev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Period Duration

One of the modern tasks of the agricultural complex in the light of the provisions of the country’s Food Security Doctrine is to accelerate the selection progress to breed animals of the desired type. A comparative evaluation of the milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed with different selection methods (intra-line breeding and genealogical line crosses) during the first lactation in the breeding farm “Barybino” – “Koalko-Agro” in the Moscow region has been presented in the article. It has been found that the highest indicators of milk productivity have been obtained when the genealogical lines were crossbred. Thus, when using sires of Pabst Governer 882933 line on cows of Montwick Chieftain 95679 line the milk yield was 8419 kg with fat content of 4,20 % and protein of 3,15 %, the open days period duration was 95 days. High productivity indicators have been characterized by cows from the combination of sires of line Wes Back Ideal 10134115 and cows of line Montwick Chieftain 95679 when milk yield was 8074 kg with fat content of 4,20 and protein of 3,10 %, the duration of the open days period was 117 days. The productivity of cows from the combination of sires of line Pabst Governor 882933 and cows of line Reflection Sovering 198998 was also characterized by high milk yield 8054 kg with fat content of 4,10 and protein of 3,0 %, the duration of the open days period was 107 days. Thus, the combination of genealogical lines has influence on the indicators of milk productivity and reproductive traits of highly productive cows, which must be taken into account when conducting breeding work.

scholarly journals Genetic potential of milk productivity of black-and-white cows depending on selection and management

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00158
Author(s):  
Alexander Lyubimov ◽  
Ekaterina Martynova ◽  
Yulia Isupova ◽  
Ekaterina Yastrebova ◽  
Elena Achkasova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
System Technology ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Traditional Technology ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Currently an increasing attention is paid to breeding animals ensuring the greatest genetic progress of populations in livestock productivity, i.e. stud bulls. Hence, the study of the realization degree of genetic potential of productivity of dairy cattle with different ecogenesis in the conditions of industrial and traditional technology of milk production seems quite relevant. The study revealed that the degree of realization of genetic potential of stud bulls in traditional (tied-up system) and industrial (cubicle system) technology is different.

scholarly journals Productivity of fi rst-calf cows of different sire lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A. G. Kolchev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
High Level ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The results of the study of milk productivity and lactation rates of fi rst-calf cows are presented. The research into fi rst-calf cows of black-andwhite Holstein breed, belonging to sire lines of Wis Ideal 1013415 and Refl ection Sovereign 198998 was conducted in 2018 in Novosibirsk region. The number of cows under study was 64, the period of the study covered 305 days of lactation. Monitoring of milk production, milk fl ow intensity, fat and protein content was carried out monthly. The research materials were analyzed for groups of cows depending on their sire line and productivity for single and daily milk yield, fat and protein content, and dynamics of milk ejection for the fi rst 3 minutes of milking. The highest daily milk yield in both lines was observed in the second month of lactation. In the fourth and fi fth months of lactation, the average daily milk yield of Refl ection Sovereign cows was signifi cantly higher (р < 0.001) than that of their peers of the Vis Ideal line, by 1.3 kg. During the lactation period, the productivity of the Vis Ideal and Refl ection Sovereign cows was almost the same: milk yield – 8296 and 8220 kg, fat content – 4.02 and 4.06%, protein – 3.36 and 3.35% and milk fl ow intensity – 2.70 and 2.78 kg/min, respectively. In the second and third months of lactation, cows of both lines had a decrease in the content of fat, protein and intensity of milk fl ow with a gradual increase in these indices in the fourth and fi fth months of lactation. First-calf cows of the black-and-white breed of Canadian selection of different sire lines showed a high level of milk productivity and proved to be suitable for further breeding work.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF HOLSTEIN BREED BULLS BY DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR DAUGHTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
S. L. Voitenko ◽  
O. V. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Paternal Origin ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dairy Breed

The scientific community has shown that the genetic improvement of dairy cattle depends on many genotypic factors, including paternal ancestry and lineage. With this in mind, the purpose of our research was to evaluate the Holstein bulls of black-and-white and red-and-white suits of different lines for the milk productivity of their daughters. The research was carried out on the basis of primary breeding records of 10 breeding herds of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, 3 – Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed and one – Ukrainian Red Dairy breed, which are subordinated to NAAS. Cows of the studied breeds has divided into groups according to lineage and paternal origin. Studies have revealed a significant differentiation of milk yield of cows of the first and highest lactation not only of one breed, but also of linear affiliation and paternal origin. It was found that the yield of the first lactation in cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed varied from 3211 kg (Damir 7100354042) to 7884 kg (Dzhokus 113080315) of milk. Noteworthy are the daughters of Dzhokus 113080315, from which 9143 kg of milk were obtained for higher lactation, Polyarsten 342347941 and Manteno 344222859 – 8248 kg and 8290 kg of milk, respectively. The significant influence of paternal origin on the yield of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed cows of the first and higher lactation (31.0%; P > 0.999) and 37.3% has been proved; P > 0.999). The influence of genealogical formation on the milk productivity of cows was significant and amounted to 10.8% for the first lactation, higher – 10.2%. Some of the first-born Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed has characterized by high milk productivity, which steadily increased until the third and higher lactation. The yield of cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of the first lactation varied from 5414 kg (Dialog 2009) to 6689 kg (Larets 6177), testifying to better homogeneity of herds in terms of milk productivity compared to the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. The highest yield of the third and highest lactation – 7626 kg, had cows-daughters of the bull Roman 660886883 Starbuck line 352790. The variability of milking cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of the first and highest lactation by 25.0% and 15.2%, respectively, was due to the influence of the father offspring and to a lesser extent – belonging to the line. A very high (6517–8013 kg) realization potential of milking cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed was established, but it also depended on the paternal origin and linear affiliation. The highest yield of the first lactation were shown by the daughters of the bull Belisar 365235897, Dzhorin 114414759 and Tumpi 112367468, who produced 8013 kg, 7323 kg and 7170 kg of milk, respectively. In cows of this breed it was found that yield increased with increasing serial number of lactation, with the third and higher lactation cows produced more than 8000 kg of milk per lactation, and the daughters of bull Dzhorin 114414759 – more than 9000 kg. The influence of the bull on the milk productivity of the first-born cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed (16.7%; P > 0.999) is almost three times higher than this linear affiliation. Significant phenotypic variability of milk productivity of cows of different breeds of half-sisters by the father is established. The advantage of the daughters of the bull Belisar 365235897 of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed on milking of the first lactation over the representatives of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed was 1932 kg (p < 0.001). The difference in milk yield of the first lactation of the half-sisters by the father, the bull Konbeo 579810507 was 1007 kg (p < 0.01), and Roman 660886883 – 717 kg. Thus, a significant phenotypic variability of milk productivity of cows of different breeds of half-sisters by father was established. At the same time, regardless of the breeder, the cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed were characterized by higher milk yield of the first lactation in comparison with the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed.

scholarly journals Monitoring of production use of cows in dairy herd conditions with highly productive breeding livestock

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-215
Author(s):  
N. V. Kazarovets ◽  
T. V. Pavlova ◽  
K. A. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Productivity Potential

 Over the past decades, in many countries with developed dairy cattle breeding milk yield per cow per lactation has significantly increased, and period of cow productive use has been significantly reduced. The average duration of cow use in many countries is 2.5–2.8 lactations, and this is not enough for sustainable implementation of genetic potential of animals, which is revealed only at the 5–6th lactations. There is an increase in milk productivity and improvement of exterior type of black-and-white breed of cows in the Republic of Belarus, which is due to the use of Holstein cattle with outstanding milk productivity potential and a well-defined milk exterior type, however, as in other countries, there is a decrease in cow use period. The paper presents the results of monitoring of production use of cows in dairy herd conditions with highly productive breeding livestock. 5670 Holsteinized cows of Belarusian black-and-white breed were evaluated in two herds. The main causes of cows culling are determined, effect of genetic (blood level of Holstein breed, level of fathers and mothers performance) and paratypic (age of the 1st calving, level of heifers milking, inter-calving period, service period, results of the first insemination) factors for the life-long milk performance and cow use period. Correlation and heritability of indicators of productive longevity of cows is determined. A system of arrangement and breeding measures to improve longevity of highly productive livestock has been developed. Implementation of the developed system will allow to improve the integrated indices of breeding value of bulls and dairy cows and increase profitability of milk production by increasing the period of use of dairy herd maternal livestock.  Acknowledgments. The work was carried out as part of the state research and technical program “Agropromcomplex – sustainable development” for 2011–2015 sub-task 3.3.1 on topic “Develop system of breeding work with maternal livestock of Holsteinized dairy herds of different productivity levels”. 

Influence of the age at the first insemination and live weight on milk productivity of cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
L. L. Petrukhina ◽  
S. L. Belozertseva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
White Breed

The materials of the long-term (2008–2018) research into the reproductive function of cattle of the black-and-white breed of Baikal type in Irkutsk region are presented. The influence of the age at the first insemination and live weight on cows’ milk productivity, lifelong productivity and productive longevity was studied. The experiment was conducted on the basis of materials from the breeder-farm for breeding cattle of Baikal type on the groups of cows of different ages: up to 14–20 months and older. Cows inseminated at 16 months (7917 kg) had the best milk yield in the first lactation. The largest milk yield was obtained from inseminated cows with live weight of 401-410 kg. Milk production of these heifers was 7902 kg in the first lactation, 8792 kg – in the second and 8710 kg – in the third. It was revealed that age of cows and their live weight at the first successful insemination had a positive effect on the lifelong productivity and productive longevity of cows. Cows whose age at the first successful insemination was 15 or 16 months had a longer duration of productive use (productive life span of animals was 2561–2558 days, respectively). The highest lifelong productivity (34379–34585 kg) was obtained from the cows of this group. The economic efficiency of lifelong milk production was determined depending on the age of the first insemination. The highest lifelong milk productivity was obtained from cows, which were first inseminated at the age of 15–16 months. The largest revenue from sales of additional products was also received from the cows of this group (366,058–370,480 roubles per head). The results obtained allow to develop effective methods for increasing reproductive capacity of cattle.

Milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed depending on the part of Holstein blood

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
T. Shishkina ◽  
T. Guseva ◽  
A. Galiullin ◽  
N. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Best Parameters

A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of traits of milk productivity of Black-and-White cows with increased the part of Holstein breed blood has been carried out. Two groups have been formed from the number of culling animals of two adjacent generations: the 1st group (basic generation) with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4 (75 %) and the 2nd group with the part of Holstein breed blood of 7/8 (87,5 %) per 35 heads in each. As a result, it has been found that cows with the part of blood of 7/8 had the best indicators of milk productivity for I, II and III lactation. They significantly exceeded the indicators of cows with part of Holstein blood of 3/4 in terms of milk yield and yield of milk fat. The decrease in average daily milk yields for months of lactation in high-blooded cows was lower by 3 %, and the indicator of full-competed lactation was higher by 17,8 %. High-blooded animals have been culled out of the herd more intensively. By the end of the third lactation, the livability of livestock in the 1st group was 100 %, and in the second group – 23 %. The best parameters of productive longevity were distinguished by animals of the basic generation with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4. They signifi cantly surpassed of high-blooded animals in terms of longevity and period of productive longevity, respectively, by 1109 (P < 0,001) and 739 (P < 0,001) days, and in terms of lifetime milk yield – by 14392 kg (P < 0,001). The increase of the part of the blood of cows to 7/8 was carried out using purebred producers of foreign selection, the new generation of high-blooded animals had a relatively high genetic potential. However, 7/8-blooded cows of Holstein breed used it only by 53,4 %, which was by 24,3 % (P < 0,001) lower than the base generation. Thus, in the current environments of CJSC “Konstantinovo” high-blooded animals of Holstein breed do not suffi ciently realize the genetic potential, and the increase in productivity is associated with the loss of milk due to the decrease in the duration of economic use of animals. Based on this, we propose at the present stage to suspend the upgrading crossbreeding and return to the using Holsteinized sires domestic selection with the part of Holstein breed blood of 75 to 85 %.

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