scholarly journals EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE FACTOR ON THE DURATION OF INTERPHASE PERIODS OF MELON PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
N.A. Eliseeva ◽  
◽  
Yu.N. Kostanchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Feeding Area ◽  
Fruit Formation

One of the valuable traits of any variety is its degree of adaptability to stressful environmental factors. The purpose of the research is to determine the degree of influence of average daily temperatures on the duration of interphase periods of some melon varieties in the first half of growing season to assess their ecological plasticity under conditions of the foothill zone of the Crimea. The studies were conducted in 2016–2019 on the experimental fields of FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea” (village of Ukromnoye, Simferopol suburbs). All the research studies were carried out according to the existing guidelines for melon crops breeding. Fifty-six melon samples varying in reaching maturity were the objects of the study. Soil – chernozem southern calcareous heavy loamy; its texture is clayey, structure – lumpy. Weather conditions during the years of research varied. The most favourable temperature regime for the melon growing was in 2019 (2269.6 °С); unfavourable – in 2016 (1738.0 °С); 2017 and 2018 occupied an intermediate position. It allowed obtaining objective results in assessing ecological plasticity of the studied varieties. Planting scheme – standard; feeding area – 1.0×1.5 m2 per one plant. The study was carried out in a collection nursery; four-fold replication. We compared melons of three groups of ripeness: early (I) – varieties mature in 55–75 days, mid-early (II) – ripen in 76–90 days, mid-late (III) – require 90 days until harvest. During the years of research, the duration of interphase periods varied from 18 to 59 days. An increase in the relative average daily air temperature by 1 °C reduced the phenophases duration on average by 1.02–4.43 days. The most pronounced changes were revealed in the third interphase period (seedlings – fruit formation beginning): the average value of the ecological variation corresponded to 27.5 %; maximum it was in the mid-late samples (25.3 %). We established a close negative correlation (from –0.72 to –0.99) between an increase in the relative average daily air temperature and duration of the phenophases of the first half of the melon plants growing season. Each genotype reacted individually to changes in external influences. The group of mid-late samples had the highest degree of variability. An increase in the relative average daily temperatures by 1 °C reduces the length of the interphase periods of plants of this group from 1.99 to 3.75 days. Among others, varieties ‘Idyllia’, ‘Gulnara’, ‘Ethiopka’ were the most stable.

scholarly journals Criteria for Abnormality Evaluation of Selected Weather Parameters in the Slovak Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Martin Danilovič ◽  
Helena Hlavatá ◽  
Božena Šoltysová
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Weather Parameters

Abstract The paper describes the procedure of calculation and assessment of deviations of the average air temperature from the normal (in relation to the normal 1961‒1990) or long-term average and the percentage of normal precipitation or long-term sum of precipitation, valid for the Slovak Republic. Three evaluation tables clearly indicate both threshold limit values, which facilitate the classification of the calculated indices for air temperature and precipitation. Criteria presented in this work are fully applicable for weather conditions evaluation during the growing season of cultivated plants in the Slovak Republic.

Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Translocation of14C-Metriflufen in Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. McWhorter
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Proximal Half ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Soybean Leaves

Absorption and translocation of14C-metriflufen {2-[4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} in johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers.] and soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Lee 68’] were evaluated under different environmental conditions. At 40% relative humidity (RH), an increase in air temperature from 18 to 35 C increased translocation of the14C in johnsongrass more than four-fold following application of14C-metriflufen to an area on the third leaf. At 100% RH, translocation of the14C was twice as great at 27 C as at 18 C, but translocation at 35 C was intermediate. In the combined analysis, translocation in johnsongrass was no better at 100% RH than at 40% RH. Regardless of level of RH, most translocation in johnsongrass at 18 and 27 C was toward the distal half of the treated leaf, but at 35 C most translocation was toward the proximal half of the treated leaf. Translocation of14C in soybeans increased more than four-fold as air temperature was increased from 18 C to 35 C, and more translocation occurred at 100% RH than at 40% RH at 18, 27, and 35 C. More than 80% of the14C-metriflufen remained in the treated leaf or on the surface of treated soybean leaves 48 h after application. More of the applied radioactivity was recovered from soybean plants than from johnsongrass plants.

scholarly journals Evaluation of growth and flowering of historical cultivars of Rosa gallica L. growing in the National Collection of Rose Cultivars in the Polish Academy Of Science Botanical Garden in Powsin

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Marta J. Monder
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rosa Gallica ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Bud Breaking

<em>Rosa gallica</em> is a native species under strict protection and its cultivars are practically unknown in Poland. The aim of the observations was to evaluate the possibilities of growing the studied cultivars in the climate of Central Poland. In the years 2000–2012, observations were conducted of shrubs derived from the French rose (<em>R. gallica</em> L.) gathered in the Collection of Rose Cultivars of the PAS Botanical Garden CBDC in Powsin, Poland. 13 cultivars were studied: ‘Ambroise Paré’, ‘Belle Herminie’, ‘Camaïeux’, ‘Cardinal de Richelieu’, ‘Charles de Mills’, ‘Complicata’, ‘Duchesse d’Angoulême’, ‘Duchesse de Montebello’, ‘Officinalis’, ‘Splendens’, ‘Tuscany Superb’, ‘Versicolor’, and ‘Violacea’. Every year, frost damage to shrubs, the date of bud breaking and leaf development as well as the dates of initial, full and final flowering were recorded and the presence of symptoms of damage from diseases was observed. During the observation years, periods of weather conditions unfavorable for roses often occurred, both in autumn-winter-spring and in summer. Only small differences were observed in winter hardiness, development during the growing season, and blooming period. The majority of the studied rose cultivars overwinter without frost damage, even through severe winters. The shrubs begin their growth late, usually until the second half of April. Gallicas start flowering early, in the third decade of May – first decade of June. Most Gallicas should find a wider application as shrubs or hedges for parks, green areas in cities, historical places, or home gardens. They are recommendable for their high resistance to frost and diseases as well as for their small size.

scholarly journals Growth features of Arbutus andrachne L. under the conditions of field vegetation experiment on the Southern Coast of the Crimea

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (157) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
O. A. Ilnitsky ◽  
A. T. Gil ◽  
A. V. Pashtetsky
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Growth Features ◽  
Intensive Growth

The dependence of the growth rate of Arbutus andrachne L. on some environmental factors was studied under the conditions of the Southern Coast vegetation experiment in different periods of the species vegetation, which made it possible to find the optimal and limiting conditions for its growth. In March, vegetation began at an average daily air temperature of 3.5 – 7.50 °C and the increase in stem diameter was approximately 0.42 % (0.09 mm), at the second stage (April-May) – 3.7 % (0.58 mm) with a further exit to plateau. In July - August, two sections of the d % change are observed: the first section is from July 27 till August 19 - intensive growth of d % by 12.58 % (1.961 mm), the second section after August 19 – access to the growth plateau, which is associated with an increase in air temperature to 30-35 °C. In September-October, two sections of the d % change are observed: the first section lasted from September 01 till September 15 - intensive growth of d % by 3.55 % (0.582 mm), the second section after September 15 – exit to a plateau of growth, lowering the air temperature to 8-10 °C and the end of the growing season. In November, an increase in trunk diameter was not observed. The optimal environmental factors were: in March-May, Ta = 20-2 °C, Da = 0.4-1.2 kPa, I = 300-900 mmol / m2s; July-August, Ta = 22-28 °C, Da = 1.4-2.5 kPa, I = 500-1000 μmol / m2s; in September-October, Ta = 16-25 °C, Da = 0.3-1.5 kPa, I = 400-800 μmol / m2s, respectively. The results of our experiments allow us to compare the ecological and physiological characteristics we obtained with the climatic conditions of a particular region and evaluate the possibilities of introducing it into other regions.

Irrigation regime and water consumption of potatoes in the Republic of Bashkortostan, depending on the reclamation condition of lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Guzel Gumerova ◽  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Dmitry Kucher ◽  
Anatoly Shuravilin ◽  
Elena Piven
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

Data of long-term researches (2015–2018) in southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is justified theoretically and experimentally the mode of irrigation of potatoes on leached chernozems of unsatisfactory, satisfactory and good ameliorative condition of irrigated lands. For the growing periods of potatoes with different heat and moisture supply, the number of watering, the timing of their implementation, irrigation and irrigation norms are established. On lands with unsatisfactory meliorative state the number of irrigation depending on weather conditions of potato vegetation period varied from 0 to 3 (1.5 on average) with average irrigation norm – 990 m3/ha. With satisfactory meliorative state of lands the number of irrigation on average increased from 0 to 4 (2.3 on average) with irrigation norm – 1305 m3/ha. On lands with good meliorative state the number of irrigation was the highest – from 1 to 5 (3 on average) with average irrigation irrigation norm is 1653 m3/ha. It was noted that in the dry periods of potato vegetation the greatest number of watering was carried out (3–5 watering), and in the wet periods (2017) watering was not carried out except for the area with a good reclamation state, where only one irrigation was carried out by the norm of 550 m3/ha. Water consumption of potato was studied in dynamics as a whole during the growing season and the months of the growing season depending on weather conditions of vegetation period and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands, as well as in the control (without irrigation). The lowest total water consumption was in the area without irrigation and averaged 226.8 mm. In irrigated areas, its values increased to 319-353.4 mm. The average daily water consumption varied from 2.12 to 3.3 mm. The highest rates of potato water consumption were observed in June and July, and the lowest – in May and August. In the total water consumption of potatoes on the site without irrigation, the largest share was occupied by atmospheric precipitation and in addition to them the arrival of moisture from the soil. Irrigation water was used in irrigated areas along with precipitation, the share of which was 30.2–46.1 %.

GESTOGENS IN CORPUS LUTEUM OF CATTLE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kristoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT By means of chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods progesterone and a substance closely similar to 20β-hydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3-one has been detected in luteal tissue from non-pregnant and pregnant cows. In 21 animals quantitative measurements based on a method giving an average net recovery of 56 per cent showed that in pregnancy the average progesterone content in the corpus luteum reached a maximum in the third to fifth month, with low values before and after this period. For 6 nonpregnant cows, the average value was 20.2 μg/g tissue, which is considerably higher than previous values reported in the literature. The relation between these findings and the bovine dependence on a functional corpus luteum in pregnancy is discussed, and it is pointed out that more information about the metabolism of progesterone in cattle is highly desirable.

scholarly journals Effect of different soil and weather conditions on efficacy, selectivity and dissipation of herbicides in sunflower

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 468-476
Author(s):  
Miroslav Jursík ◽  
Martin Kočárek ◽  
Michaela Kolářová ◽  
Lukáš Tichý
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
High Precipitation

Six sunflower herbicides were tested at two application rates (1N and 2N) on three locations (with different soil types) within three years (2015–2017). Efficacy of the tested herbicides on Chenopodium album increased with an increasing cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil. Efficacy of pendimethalin was 95%, flurochloridone and aclonifen 94%, dimethenamid-P 72%, pethoxamid 49% and S-metolachlor 47%. All tested herbicides injured sunflower on sandy soil (Regosol) which had the lowest CEC, especially in wet conditions (phytotoxicity 27% after 1N application rate). The highest phytotoxicity was recorded after the application of dimethenamid-P (19% at 1N and 45% at 2N application rate). Main symptoms of phytotoxicity were leaf deformations and necroses and the damage of growing tips, which led to destruction of some plants. Aclonifen, pethoxamid and S-metolachlor at 1N did not injure sunflower on the soil with the highest CEC (Chernozem) in any of the experimental years. Persistence of tested herbicides was significantly longer in Fluvisol (medium CEC) compared to Regosol and Chernozem. Dimethenamid-P showed the shortest persistence in Regosol and Chernozem. The majority of herbicides was detected in the soil layer 0–5 cm in all tested soils. Vertical transport of herbicides in soil was affected by the herbicide used, soil type and weather conditions. The highest vertical transport was recorded for dimethenamid-P and pethoxamid (4, resp. 6% of applied rate) in Regosol in the growing season with high precipitation.  

Mosquito Species breeding in “Test” Water Containers in West Africa

1933 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius B. Philip
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dense Population ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
The Third ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Test Water ◽  
Aedes Africanus ◽  
Optimum Type ◽  
Mango Leaves

Observations additional to those made by Dunn (1927) of Culicine mosquitos breeding in “ test ” water containers about a Compound in Southern Nigeria, near Lagos, are here reported for a period of the year (June to December) not covered in Dunn's study. Only the optimum type of container mentioned in Dunn's report (bamboo joints containing water and mango leaves) was employed, and these were placed in the same ten representative environmental situations. The numerical rank of infesting species differed significantly in the two studies only in the case of Culex decens, which dropped from third to last place, and of Aëdes africanus, which rose from tenth to sixth place. The total numbers of infestations in the former study were greater, but this is explainable on the basis of one or several variables, i.e., seasonal differences, elapse of time between studies, or less probably the fact that there were four containers instead of one at each station. The number of infestations at any one station has little relation to the number of resultant adults; there is a wide variation in these numbers.An analysis of the occurrence of A. aegypti in containers and a discussion of certain bionomical information together with relative weather conditions are included. Brief data are also presented of the incidence of species at three additional stations, one in a centre of dense population (Lagos), one in a suburb (Ebute Metta), and the third isolated in dense “ bush.”

EFFECT OF ZINK TABLETS INTERVENTION IN ZINC DEFICIENCY OF TRIMESTER III PREGNANT WOMEN TOWARD WEIGHT AND BODY LENGTH OF NEWBORN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
Nurfadillah S ◽  
Wardihan Sinrang ◽  
Suryani As'ad ◽  
Muh. Nasrum Massi ◽  
Mardiana Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
World Health ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Value ◽  
Zinc Levels

Background: According to 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) data globally, an estimated 17.3% of the population has inadequate zinc intake, with estimates ranging from 5.7% in Oceania to 7.6% in Europe, 9.6% in America and the Caribbean, highest in Africa (23.9%) and Asia (19.6%). Zinc is important for the function of a number of enzymes and growth hormones during pregnancy. In pregnant women, the relative zinc concentration decreases up to 35% due to the influence of hormonal changes and the transport of nutrients from mother to baby. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of giving zinc tablets to pregnant women with zinc deficiency in the third trimester on body weight and length of babies born at the Makassar City Health Center. Methods: This type of research is True Experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample in this study was 62 samples of third trimester pregnant women, and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Measurement of zinc levels in third trimester pregnant women using the Elisa reader kit at the Research Laboratory of the Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital. The research instruments were in the form of a research explanation sheet, respondent's consent sheet, respondent's checklist sheet, and the mother's zinc tablet consumption control sheet for 14 days. Results: Judging from the average value of newborns in pregnant women who did not have zinc deficiency, the average value of birth weight in pregnant women with zinc deficiency was 15.70 g/dL and 18.95 g/dL. zinc deficiency with a value (p < 0.05), while pregnant women with zinc deficiency have an average birth length of 10.00 g/dL and mothers who do not have a deficiency of 19.87 g/dL with a value (p < 0.05). So, it can be concluded that giving zinc tablets to pregnant women in the third trimester has an effect on Birth Weight (BBL) and Birth Length (PBL). Conclusion: Giving zinc tablets has an effect on increasing zinc levels in third trimester zinc deficiency pregnant women and increasing birth weight and length of the baby.  

Selection of drought-resistant crops for South Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
V. V. Gamayunova ◽  
L. H. Khonenko ◽  
M. I. Fedorchuk ◽  
O. A. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Drought Resistant

The cultivation expediency of more drought-resistant crops, in particular sorghum, millet, false flax, safflower and others, instead of sunflower in the area of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine is substantiated. This is, first of all, required by climate change both in Ukraine and in the world. Since 2004, researches of field crops were carried out in the conditions of the Educational and Scientific Practical Center of the Mykolaiv National Agrarian University. Soil phase is the southern chernozem with humus content in the 0–30 cm soil layer which consist of 2.96–3.21 %, with medium and high level of availability of mobile phosphorus and potassium and low – mobile nitrogen. Experiments with soriz (Oksamyt hybrid) were conducted during 2004–2006, millet (Tavriiske, Kostantynivske, Skhidnevarieties) in 2008–2010, grain sorghum (Stepovyi 5 hybrid) in 2014–2016, safflower dye (Lahidnyi variety) in 2017–2019. The years of research differed significantly in temperature and even more in the amount of precipitation before sowing and during the growing season of crops. However, the weather conditions were typical of the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. It is established that all studied drought-resistant crops respond positively to nutrition optimization – the level of yield and quality of grain or seeds increases. It was found that the soriz productivity depending on the application of fertilizers and sowing dates increased by 37.6–39.2 %, millet –by 33.3–41.6 %, grain sorghum depending on the background of nutrition and growing conditions – by 8.2–33.2 %, dye safflower – by 11.1–64.6 %. It was determined that the optimization of nutrition of cultivated crops allows to increase their resistance to adverse conditions and productivity in the case of application of low doses of the mineral fertilizers before sowing, pre-sowing treatment of seeds, and growth-regulating chemical application of plants on the main stages of the growing season. Key words: drought-resistant plants, climatic conditions, nutrition optimization, yield, crop quality, varieties, sowing dates.

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