scholarly journals Folkways Lonto Leok Budaya Manggarai dalam Terang Pemikiran William Sumner Tentang Masyarakat Sebagai Kerjasama Antagonistic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
Mathias Jebaru Adon
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collective Deliberation ◽  
Regional Cultures ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Interpretive Method

As a large nation consisting of various regional cultures, Indonesia has various folkways, which are the skills and local wisdom of the Indonesian people. In Manggarai culture, one folkway that is most famous is lonto leok. Lonto leok is the life principle of the Manggarai community which expresses a sense of unity and oneness as a group of people. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the value of togetherness contained in folkways lonto leok. The methodology used is an interpretive method of the phenomenon of living with the Manggarai community in a comparative study with William Graham Sumner's thinking about society as an antagonistic collaboration. This study reveals that the Manggarai community was born from the antagonistic collaboration between tribes who fought each other in the past, which then united to form the Manggarai community as it is today. These historical traces are clearly revealed in the folkways lonto leok, which means collective deliberation. This study contributes to understanding the history of the unity of the Republic of Indonesia and how this unity is maintained.

scholarly journals The refuge of a dying variant within the grammar: Patterns of change and continuity in the Spanish verbal periphrasishaber de + infinitive over the past two centuries

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Blas Arroyo ◽  
Javier Vellón Lahoz
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractBased on a corpus of ego-documents (private letters, diaries, memoirs) from the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries, this paper presents a variationist comparative study to determine the fate of the modal periphrasishaber de + infinitive in the history of modern Spanish. Detailed analysis of the envelope of variation enables us to show that, despite an abrupt decline in the selection ofhaber derelative totener que, both ‘to have to’, grammatical environments that favor its use remain in the mid-20th century. Many of the factor groups and the hierarchy of constraints during this period are similar to those that operated in previous periods. Nevertheless, a generalized decrease in the explanatory power of these factor groups, as well as some divergent patterns within several of these groups are also observed, mainly as a result of the fact thathaber de + infinitive is increasingly relegated to some restricted areas of the grammar and lexicon. Based on these results, some theoretical implications for changing rates and constraints in language change and grammaticalization are discussed.

A Separate Moldovan Language? The Sociolinguistics of Moldova'sLimba de Stat

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Ciscel
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Language And Power ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Soviet Russia

The politics of language identity have figured heavily in the history of the people of the Republic of Moldova. Indeed the region's status as a province of Russia, Romania, and then the Soviet Union over the past 200 years has consistently been justified and, at least partially, manipulated on the basis of language issues. At the center of these struggles over language and power has been the linguistic and cultural identity of the region's autochthonous ethnicity and current demographic majority, the Moldovans. In dispute is the degree to which these Moldovans are culturally, historically, and linguistically related to the other Moldovans and Romanians across the Prut River in Romania. Under imperial Russia from 1812 to 1918 and Soviet Russia from 1944 to 1991, a proto-Moldovan identity that eschewed connections to Romania and emphasized contact with Slavic peoples was promoted in the region. Meanwhile, experts from Romania and the West have regularly argued that the eastern Moldovans are indistinguishable, historically, culturally, and linguistically, from their Romanian cousins.

Two Paths to the Past: A Comparative Study of the Last Fifty Years ofAmerican Antiquityand theAmerican Journal of Archaeology

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Fiftieth Anniversary ◽  
American Antiquity ◽  
Past Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Future

The fiftieth anniversary of a journal, especially one as important and influential asAmerican Antiquity, is a time for celebration. It is also a moment for reflection both on the achievements of the past and the potential for the future. Major journals are mirrors of the intellectual history of the disciplines that they represent. They are also both intentionally or unintentionally shapers and trendsetters of that discipline. Time past, time present, and time future become inextricably woven in a consideration of their printed pages.

scholarly journals HISTORI PEMBERLAKUAN PERADILAN AGAMA ERA KERAJAAN ISLAM DAN PENJAJAHAN DI INDONESIA

Al-Qadha ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Faisal
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Religious Courts

The journey of the Religious Courts that has been passed in such a long period oftime means that we are talking about the past, namely the history of the Religious Courts.With the entry of Islam into Indonesia, which for the first time in the first century Hijri (1 H /7 AD) brought directly from Arabia by merchants from Mecca and Medina, the communitybegan to implement the teachings and rules of Islamic religion in everyday life. The ReligiousCourt is one of the Special Courts under the authority of the Supreme Court as the highestcourt in the Republic of Indonesia. As an Islamic Judiciary that had been established longbefore Indonesia's independence, the Religious Courts certainly could not be separated fromthe changes that occurred considering the reign of the Government of Indonesia had been heldby various people with different backgrounds, politics and goals, surely it would have animpact on the existence Religious Courts both materially and immaterially, including duringthe Dutch and Japanese colonial rule in Indonesia.

scholarly journals ULAMA DAN ULEE BALANG: POTRET REVOLUSI SOSIAL DI ACEH TAHUN 1945-1946

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Heryati
Keyword(s):  
Social Revolution ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

 This study entitled " Ulama and Ulee Balang: Portrait of a social revolution in Aceh in 1945-1946". In this study the authors used historical method. The historical method is the process of critically examine and analyze the records and relics of the past to find the fact that strong. The purpose of this research is to investigate the activities of the Acehnese struggle in defense of the proclamation of independence, and to determine the background Cumbok Incidence marked so that it becomes a social revolution in Aceh. With the re- establishment of unity between the Ulee Balang and the Ulama in Aceh, can expel the occupation and can occupy positions in government. This is a new milestone in the history of the founding of the Republic of Indonesia, apart from any occupation or any form of bond arising from foreign colonialism in Indonesia. 

scholarly journals Internalization strategy of conscious awareness of spices lane as national brand and national pride of Indonesian nation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 337-350
Author(s):  
Budiana Setiawan ◽  
Ferdi Widiputera
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Government ◽  
National Brand ◽  
National Pride ◽  
The Past ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
History Of ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trade Route

The archipelago (now Indonesia) in the past was known as the center of the spice commodity, which was needed for various purposes by other nations, such as: China, India, the Middle East, and Europe. This has caused the archipelago to become a destination for traders from other countries for thousands of years, thus creating a trade route called the Spice Route. The glory of the Spice Route in the Archipelago reached its peak in 1500 until 1650, but then collapsed after being ruled by European nations. Nevertheless, the existence of the history of the Spice Track needs to be internalized to students as one of the nation's branding and nation pride of the Indonesian people. The problems are: (1) What is the strategy of internalizing the teaching of the Spice Path to students? (2) What are the efforts made by the government, to support efforts to internalize the historical awareness of the Spice Track? The aim is to instill awareness to the younger generation about the glory of the Indonesian people in the past as a producer of spices. The results showed that the strategy undertaken by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to internalize the history of the Spice Track to the younger generation was through: exhibitions, historical visits, and discussions / seminars. However, the internalization effort has not been evenly carried out in all provinces, districts and cities. To that end, internalization of the history of the Spice Route can also be done through museum visits, especially provincial state museums located in provincial capitals. Awareness about the history of the Spice Route can also be used to break the efforts of the Chinese government to promote the Maritime Silk Road for their political trade interests.  

scholarly journals Tashkent by the Interpretation of Russian Researchers

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Ergashev Bahtiyar Ergashevich ◽  
Amirkulov Zhasur Bahtiyorovich ◽  
Mamatkulova Farangiz Orzukulovna ◽  
Asatullaev Mirzhalolhon Isahonovich
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Central State ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Official Records

The article is devoted to the history of Turkestan in the second half of XIX – beginning of XX centuries. The main object of research is the book by A.I.Dobrosmyslov "Tashkent in the past and present" which was published in 1912. The subject is the study of historical facts stated in the book. The article provides a historical retrospective of the history of Tashkent in the early XX century. The author of the book, being a veteran by profession on the instructions of the administration of the Turkestan General-Governorate, collected a wealth of material on the history of Tashkent. The book, which consists of 15 chapters, covers questions on the history of the city before the conquest, historical facts related to the conquest and the subsequent stages of change and formation of the social and economic life of Tashkent. The authors in the article explore the issues of irrigation in the context of improvement of water supply to the city. The biography of A.I.Dobromyslov is studied separately from the source side. The authors widely used the materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan to reveal this problem. They mainly use the official records of the Turkestan General-Governorate Office.

KonnurokusΣm: Kinship and Family in the History of the Oyoko KɔKɔɔ Dynasty of Kumase

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. McCaskie
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
West African ◽  
Interpersonal Dynamics ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Affective Dimensions

This paper is concerned with a vitally significant – but hitherto largely unrecovered – feature of the pre-colonial African past. Historians of Africa commonly pay conventional lip service to the idea that the structural and affective dimensions of kinship are of great, and even shaping, importance in the past of many of the societies that they study. However, such acknowledgements remain in the realm of generalization, and hardly any scholarship exists that seeks to historicize kinship in any detail. This paper tries to redress this situation. It goes beyond synchronic ethnographic commonplaces, and offers a historically documented analysis and interpretation of the operation of kinship within a specific pre-colonial context.The subject matter is the West African forest kingdom of Asante (Ashanti), now located within the Republic of Ghana. In specific terms, the paper addresses the structural characteristics and the interpersonal dynamics of kinship within the history of the Kumase Oyoko KɔKɔɔ abusua (the ruling dynasty of Asante) between, very broadly, the 1760s and the 1880s. The discussion is centred on the evolving history of relations between individuals – most centrally the Asantehene Kwaku Dua Panin and the Asantehemaa Afua Sapon – within a particular ɔyafunu koro (uterine group or stirp; ‘family’) that was a componential part of the royal dynasty. The core of the paper is an analytic reading of the konnurokusΣm, a complex dynastic conflict that involved the individuals named and that occurred in the 1850s.In sum, this paper argues that the reconstruction and analysis of the field of kinship relations within African societies – such as the example of pre-colonial Asante discussed here – places an extremely important, if hitherto neglected, tool in the hands of historians. The interpretation of events, the understanding of actions and motives, and the overall deepening of comprehension are all enriched by the use of this tool. The enrichment thereby attained – it is argued – pays appropriate and overdue attention to specifically indigenous readings of the Asante (and African) past.

Het portret van Jacobus Hendriksz. Zaffius door Frans Hals

1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Pieter J.J. Van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genealogical Data ◽  
Family Connections ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe bust of Jacobus Zaffius (figs. 1 and 2) in Haarlem's Frans Hals Museum was discovered in 1919. Since that time it has been regarded as a fragment of a large portrait of Zaffius painted by Hals in 1611 and believed to be lost. Jan van de Velde made a print of the missing portrait in 1630 (fig. 3). Recently it emerged that the panel on which the bust is painted is bevelled all round, and that the ground and paint continue over the edges. This means that it cannot be a fragment. The theory that Hals himself painted the copy is untenable. The weak design and indifferent pictorial quality suggest that the painting is a contemporary anonymous copy. An attempt to identify the companion portraits of a man and a woman in Birmingham and Chatsworth (figs. 4 and 5), variously dated as 1610/11 and 1617/18, with a view to establishing their true dates, has failed. It was hoped that if discovered to have been painted in or around 1611, they might have served as material for a stylistic comparison. The investigation yielded only a few supplementary heraldic (fig. 6) and genealogical data. Research in the Haarlem municipal archives uncovered new information pertaining to Zaffius' financial capital and family connections. As archdeacon of the diocese of Haarlem and provost of the Haarlem chapter, Jacobus Hendriksz. Zaffius (Amsterdam 1534-1618 Haarlem) experienced the turbulent history of the Dutch Catholic church during the birth of the Republic. Towards the end of his life he added a few houses to a recently founded bofje of almshouses (fig. 9). Van de Velde's print was made in 1630, when Catholicism had established itself in the Dutch archdiocese and embarked on the documentation of its own history in the form of, among others, portraits of prominent figures of the past.

scholarly journals The Centrality of Customary Law in the Judicial Resolution of Disputes that Emanate from it – Dalisile v Mgoduka (5056/2018) [2018] ZAECMHC

Obiter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nomthandazo Ntlama
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Case Discussion ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

The recent judgment by the Mthatha High Court in Dalisile v Mgoduka ((5056/2018) [2018] ZAECMHC (Dalisile)) has elicited much jubilation over the permeation of customary-law principles into the judicial resolution of disputes that emanate from a customary-law context. The judgment comes at a time when common-law principles appear to have infiltrated the resolution of disputes that originate from customary law. This case paves the way and provides a foundation for the resolution of customary-law disputes within their own context. It reinforces arguments that have long been canvassed to constitutionalise customary law within its own framework. It endorses the envisioned commitment to translate into reality the “healing of the divisions of the past” as envisaged in the preamble of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996. Section 211(3) of the Constitution is distinct and prescriptive on the obligations of the courts relating to the application of customary law. Section 211(3) is in the context of pursuing the advancement of a constitutionalised system of customary law that seeks to equate the applicable laws of the Republic.This case has filled a lacuna in the application and interpretation of customary law, which has been clouded by the prism of common law. The gap was acknowledged by the court in Alexkor Ltd v Richtersveld Community (2003 (12) BLCR 1301 (CC). In Alexkor, customary law was affirmed as an independent and legitimate source of law that is empowered to regulate its own affairs within the framework of the Constitution. It does not have to be legitimised and validated by common-law principles in addition to the Constitution.Resolving disputes arising from customary law has been a great cause for concern. The courts have delivered many disappointing judgments in the area of resolving customary-law disputes. These judgments appear to lean towards importing common-law principles into the resolution of disputes that arise from the system of customary law. This case note does not intend to discuss these judgments in any depth as they have been dealt with elsewhere.It is thus not the purpose of this case discussion to delve into the history of customary law. Its intended focus is limited to the significant stride made by the court in Dalisile in uprooting the dominance of the application of common-law principles in the resolution of disputes that arise from the system of customary law. The objective is to generate debate on the contribution that the judgment makes to the incorporation of Africanised principles into the broader constitutional framework of the jurisprudence of our courts. The note argues that it is the Constitution that is the dominant authority over all the legal systems that are applicable in the Republic, including customary law.

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