Concrete Mix Design Using Particle Packing Method: Literature Review, Analysis, and Computation

Particle packing technology is used to reduce the amount of cement in concrete by optimizing the concrete mix, resulting in more sustainable concrete. In this study, four different methods were used to determine the distribution of the mixture presented; packing density method, packing density method, IS code method, and packing density method. In the packing density method, the paste content that exceeds the voids will increase along with the increase in the quality of the concrete. In cases of packing density, the cement-water ratio decreases with the quality of the concrete. In the packing of too many trials, trials and tribulations should be carried out to achieve the ratio of water-cement and paste content for a certain grade of concrete. This correlation curve helps reduce the experiments involved in determining the ratio of semen and paste content for a given concrete quality. The water and cement contents for the packing density and the IS code method are almost the same for each particular concrete class. The workability of concrete achieved was more in the packing density method than the IS code method for the same concrete quality, because the water-cement ratio was slightly higher in the packing density method than the IS code method. The required fine aggregate particles are more in terms of packing density method compared to the IS code method. Therefore, more water and cement are required in terms of packing density. The correlation curve can be used to determine the ratio of water-cement and paste the content that exceeds the voids for a certain concrete quality

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Concrete Mix Design for Completely Recycled Fine Aggregate by Modified Packing Density Method

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13163535 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 3535

Author(s):

Yibo Yang ◽

Baixi Chen ◽

Yan Su ◽

Qianpu Chen ◽

Zhiji Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Packing Density ◽

Unit Price ◽

Mix Design ◽

Concrete Mixture ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Density Method ◽

Concrete Mix Design ◽

Recycled Fine Aggregate ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

Aggregate System

The undesirable properties of conventional recycled fine aggregate (RFA) often limit its application in the construction industry. To overcome this challenge, a method for preparing completely recycled fine aggregate (CRFA), which crushes all concrete waste only into fine aggregate, was proposed. The obtained CRFA had high apparent density, and its water absorption was lower than that of the conventional RFA. To take advantage of the CRFA, this paper introduced the modified packing density method for the CRFA concrete mix design. The modified packing density method took account of the powder with a particle size of smaller than 75 μm in the CRFA and balanced both the void ratio and the specific surface area of the aggregate system. Concrete (grade C55) was prepared using the CRFA to validate the feasibility of the proposed method. The unit price of the prepared CRFA concrete was around 12.7% lower than that of the natural aggregate concrete. Additionally, the proposed procedure for the concrete mixture design could recycle all concrete waste into the new concrete and replace all the natural fine aggregate in the concrete mixture.

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Concrete Mix Design By Packing Density Method

IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering ◽

10.9790/1684-11213446 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 34-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Narasimha Raj ◽

◽

Suresh G Patil ◽

B. Bhattacharjee

Keyword(s):

Packing Density ◽

Mix Design ◽

Density Method ◽

Concrete Mix Design ◽

Concrete Mix

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Assessment of Concrete Quality of Load-Bearing Structure of the Bridge across Otava River No. 121-006 near Zvikov after Fifty Years of Operation in Severe Environmental Conditions

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.722.72 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 722 ◽

pp. 72-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stanislav Rehacek ◽

David Čítek ◽

Jiri Kolisko ◽

Petr Huňka

Keyword(s):

Compression Strength ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Load Bearing ◽

Concrete Carbonation ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

Concrete Quality ◽

Bearing Structure

This paper is introducing results of diagnostic survey of bridge no. 121-006 across Otava river near Zvikov [1], focusing on assessment of quality of concrete mix used for load-bearing structure of the bridge after more than 50 years of operation and assessment of reconstruction works (monolithic assembly of central joints of main fields) executed in 1994 [2]. Visual inspection of monolithic assembly joints, comparison of depth of concrete carbonation and thickness of top layer of reinforcement concrete and concrete compression strength are presented in this paper.

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Pengaruh Cangkang Kerang Laut Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton

Sultra Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.54297/sciej.v2i1.167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 46-54

Author(s):

Neti Rahmawati ◽

Irwan Lakawa ◽

Sulaiman Sulaiman

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Building Materials ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Fine Aggregates ◽

Concrete Quality ◽

Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽

Physical Construction

Concrete is one of the most widely used building materials today interms of physical construction. Concrete is made from a mixture offine, coarse aggregate, cement, and water with a certain ratio, aswell as materials that are usually added to the concrete mixtureduring or during mixing, to changing the properties of concrete tomake it more suitable in certain jobs and more economical, can alsobe added with certain other mixed materials as needed if deemednecessary. Seashells can be used to mix concrete. This study aims todetermine whether the addition of shells aggregate shells in aconcrete mixture can affect the mechanical properties of concrete.The specimens used are in the form of cubes with a size of 15cm x 15cm x 15 cm, consisting of additional concrete coarse and fineaggregate with shell substitution percentage of 0%, 15%, 20% with atotal sample of 45, with the planned concrete quality of K225. Theuse of sea shells in increasing the compressive strength of concrete isbetter used as fine aggregate than coarse aggregate. The use of seashells as a substitute for fine aggregates achieves maximum resultsat 20% composition.

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Optimization of the Concrete Composition Mix at the Design Stage

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-2021-03091732 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 1389-1405

Author(s):

Liubov Lisienkova ◽

Tatiana Shindina ◽

Nina Orlova ◽

Liudmila Komarova

Keyword(s):

Empirical Equation ◽

Design Stage ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Concrete Composition ◽

Composition Design ◽

Aggregate Fraction ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

Composition Optimization ◽

Selection Of

The problem of the composition optimization of concrete mixes seems to be quite urgent as errors at the composition design stage can lead to problems of concrete at the stage of exploitation such as delamination, cracking etc. Reasonable selection of concrete mix components guarantees the required strength of concrete and reinforced concrete structures in the future. This paper investigates the influence of the concrete mix composition on the strength of concrete. Firstly, typical risks that can occur on the composition design stage have been identified through the experts' interviews. Secondly, this risks were associated with indicators and characteristics that can be tested experimentally. Running of several mathematical models has allowed to outline concrete mix parameters of highest importance and formulate an empirical equation for the dependence of the strength of the concrete mixture on the values of the coarse aggregate quality factor, the fine aggregate fraction and the consumption of the Portland cement has been proposed. As a result, a methodology for controlling the quality of concrete at the stage of the composition design has been formulated. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091732 Full Text: PDF

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Development of Concrete Mix Design Nomograph Containing Polyethylene Terephtalate (PET) as Fine Aggregate

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.701.12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 701 ◽

pp. 12-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohd Irwan Juki ◽

Khairunnisa Muhamad ◽

Mahamad Mohd Khairil Annas ◽

Koh Heng Boon ◽

Norzila Othman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Splitting Tensile Strength ◽

Mix Design ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Cement Ratio ◽

Water Cement Ratio ◽

Concrete Mix Design ◽

Mix Proportion ◽

Concrete Mix

This paper describes the experimental investigation to develop the concrete mix design Nomograph for concrete containing PET as fine aggregate. The physical and mechanical properties were determined by using mix proportion containing 25%, 50% and 75% of PET with water cement ratio (w/c) 0.45, 0.55 and 0.65. The data obtained showed that the inclusion of PET aggregate reduce the strength performances of concrete. All the data obtained were combined into one single graph to develop a preliminary mix design nomograph for PET concrete. The nomograph consist of ; relationship between compressive strength and water cement ratio; relationship between splitting tensile strength water cement ratio; relationship between splitting tensile strength and PET percentage and relationship between compressive strength and PET percentage. The mix design nomograph can be used to assists in selecting the proper mix proportion parameters based on the criteria required.

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Design of Concrete Mix Proportion Based on Particle Packing Voidage and Test Research on Compressive Strength and Elastic Modulus of Concrete

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14030623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 623

Author(s):

Yun-Hong Cheng ◽

Bao-Long Zhu ◽

Si-Hui Yang ◽

Bai-Qiang Tong

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Design Method ◽

Particle Packing ◽

Test Results ◽

Concrete Mix Design ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

Binder Ratio ◽

Water Binder Ratio

According to the basic principle of dense packing of particles, and considering the interaction between particles, a dense packing model of granular materials in concrete was proposed. During the establishment of this model, binary particle packing tests of crushed stone and sand were carried out. The fitting analysis of the test results determines the relationship between the particle size ratio and the remaining volume fraction of the particle packing, and then the actual void fraction of the particle packing was obtained, based on which the water–binder ratio was combined to determine the amount of various materials in the concrete. The proposed concrete mix design method was used to prepare concrete, and its compressive strength and elastic modulus were tested experimentally. The test results show that the aggregate volume fraction of the prepared concrete increased, and the workability of the concrete mixture with the appropriate amount of water reducing agent meets the design requirements. When the water–binder ratio was 0.42, 0.47, or 0.52, the compressive strength of the concrete increased compared with the control concrete, and the degree of improvement in compressive strength increased with the decrease in water–binder ratio; when the water-binder ratio was 0.42, 0.47, or 0.52, the static elastic modulus of the concrete increased compared with the control concrete, and the degree of improvement in elastic modulus also increased with the decrease in water–binder ratio. The elastic modulus and compressive strength of the prepared concrete have a positive correlation. Findings show that the concrete mix design method proposed by this research is feasible and advanced in a sense.

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The Influence of Compressive Strength of EPS Concrete Using Fiberglass with Curing and Non Curing Treatment

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.226 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 747 ◽

pp. 226-229

Author(s):

Irpan Hidayat ◽

Jemima Devina Halim

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Hydration Reaction ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Concrete Experience ◽

Alternative Materials ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽

Materials Used ◽

Fiberglass Material

Concrete is a mixture of portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water, with or without additives which form a solid mass. The purpose of this study was to find and innovative method of producing concrete mix from solid waste material as alternative. The alternative materials used in concrete mix was fiberglass. Material reduction in the sand on the concrete can decreases the strength until the fiberglass material added and increase the compressive strength on concrete. The composition of fiberglass that used in this study was 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%. The methodology used is the design of concrete mix in according to SNI 03-2834-2000. The results are concrete with the addition of EPS can reduce the density and the compressive strength of normal concrete, concrete EPS was added to increase the value of compressive strength fiberglass. The addition of fiberglass in concrete EPS only on the variable of 0.5% - 1% fiberglass, if greater than 1%, the compressive strength of concrete decreased because the material has not homogeneous concrete during mixing. The largest density value of 10% EPS concrete with fiberglass on the concrete test 28 days is the concrete EPS 10% + 0.5% fiberglass by weight of the curing process and the type of 2127.73 MPa and compressive strength are the largest and EPS concrete with compressive strength amounted to 11.277 MPa. The addition of 10% EPS can reduce the compressive strength of concrete at 3.75%. The addition of fiberglass obtained with a percentage of 0.5% - 1% is the most effective additions so as to improve the quality of concrete by 0.74%. Concrete with compressive strength has a curing system which is much better than the non-curing concrete, because concrete experience of concrete hydration reaction process which takes place optimally.

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Innovation on Commercial Concrete Floor Slab Construction Technology

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2836 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 353-356 ◽

pp. 2836-2839

Author(s):

Yong Li ◽

Chang Sheng Guan

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Construction Technology ◽

Engineering Applications ◽

Floor Slab ◽

Concrete Floor ◽

Shrinkage Cracks ◽

Concrete Mix ◽

Concrete Quality ◽

The Status

Take Shunjing International Plaza project as an example, investigate on the status of large areas of cast-in-place pumping commercial concrete floor construction , In view of common quality defects of early shrinkage cracks, innovate pumping concrete construction technology, namely, set the sub-grid band, strictly control the quality of raw materials and the concrete mix ratio, rub repeatedly both manually and mechanically, enhance early maintenance, adopt appropriate technical intermittence process and so on, After the engineering applications, the technology had guaranteed the concrete quality smooth and dense, eliminated the early cracks of the concrete.

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