Acteurs sociaux et processus d'aménagement autoroutier dans le département du Tarn / Social actors and Motorway Development Processes in the Department of the Tarn

Géocarrefour ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Michel Cohou
Keyword(s):  
Social Actors ◽  
Development Processes

Social Logics in Reproduction Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Social Logic ◽  
And Child Health

The issue that underlies a worrying question of maternal and child health in Côte d'Ivoire is that of social logic. Social logic is perceived as "cultural constructions of actors with regard to morbidity that cause to adopt reproductive health care". Based on this understanding, the concept of social logic in reproductive health is similar to a paradigm that highlights the various factors that structure and organise sociological resistance to mothers' openness to healthy reproductive behaviours; that is, openness to change for sustainable reproductive health. Far from becoming and remaining a prisoner of blind culturalism with the social logic that generates the health of mothers, new-borns and children, practically-relevant questions are raised. Issues of "bad governance", socio-cultural representations and behaviours in conflict with modern epidemiological standards are addressed in a culturally-sensitive manner, an important issue for the provision of care focused on the needs of mothers seeking answers to health problems. Developing these original community characteristics helps to orient a reading list in a socioanthropological perspective with a view to explaining and understanding different problems encountered, experiences acquired by social actors during the implementation of antenatal, postnatal and family planning care. This context of building logic with regard to reproductive health care is key to identifying real bottlenecks in maternity services and achieving efficient management of maternal, new-born and child health care for the benefit of populations and actors in the public health sector.

Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos G. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Chalkias ◽  
Loukia-Maria Fratsea
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Concentration Patterns

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.

Land Use Change and Commodity Frontiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Cáceres ◽  
Esteban Tapella ◽  
Diego A. Cabrol ◽  
Lucrecia Estigarribia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Management Recommendations

Argentina is experiencing an expansion of soya and maize cultivation that is pushing the agricultural frontier over areas formerly occupied by native Chaco forest. Subsistance farmers use this dry forest to raise goats and cattle and to obtain a broad range of goods and services. Thus, two very different and non-compatible land uses are in dispute. On the one hand subsistance farmers fostering an extensive and diversified forest use, on the other hand, large-scale producers who need to clear out the forest to sow annual crops in order to appropriate soil fertility. First, the paper looks at how these social actors perceive Chaco forest, what their interests are, and what kind of values they attach to it. Second, we analyze the social-environmental conflicts that arise among actors in order to appropriate forest’s benefits. Special attention is paid to the role played by the government in relation to: (a) how does it respond to the demands of the different sectors; and (b) how it deals with the management recommendations produced by scientists carrying out social and ecological research. To put these ideas at test we focus on a case study located in Western Córdoba (Argentina), where industrial agriculture is expanding at a fast pace, and where social actors’ interests are generating a series of disputes and conflicts. Drawing upon field work, the paper shows how power alliances between economic and political powers, use the institutional framework of the State in their own benefit, disregarding wider environmental and social costs. 

STUDY OF THE ORGANIZATION ADAPTIVITY RATE CORRELATION IN RELATION TO ITS INTERNAL INTEGRITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-304
Author(s):  
Inna O. Hordieieva ◽  
Valentina M. Molokanova
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modern Project ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Internal Integration ◽  
Strategic Project ◽  
Rate Correlation

The focus of modern project management is increasingly shifting from the management of individual projects to the management of strategic project-oriented development of organizations. Now there is a need to pay more attention to project management as a universal tool for the development of systems at any level. The aim of the article is to study the processes of organization adaptation to constant changes through a synergetic portfolio of projects based on a strategic plan for the development and evolution of the organization. The spiral movement of systems development for studying development processes is considered: the process of transition of an organization from one stable state to another, the process of radical changes that accompanies innovation, as well as the processes of growth and development of crisis phenomena. The methodological principles of the organization evolutionary development management through the implementation of portfolio using its methods and tools are considered. It is proposed to manage the organization evolutionary development by building actions in the form of a synergistic portfolio of appropriate projects content, in order to increase the value of the entire portfolio of projects over the value of individual projects. The synergetic portfolio of projects is seen as a tool for a harmonious transition to the desired evolutionary state, by preserving the internal integrity of the organization and ensuring its sustainability. A mathematical model for estimating the desired properties and relations of the organizational synergetic portfolio of projects is proposed, which allows to determine and minimize the magnitude of the evolutionary goals inconsistency and to stabilize the current state of organization. It is determined that the two main tasks of any organization - external adaptation and internal integration - constantly push the organization to evolutionary development. The article proposes the author's approach to managing the organization evolutionary development through a portfolio of projects identifies indicators of adaptation of the organization to changes in the environment, defines the conditions for maintaining the integrity of the organization in the process of organizational changes.

Development Processes and Research Trends of Overseas Direct Purchase

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Yu-Jeong Kang ◽  
Jae-Wook Lim
Keyword(s):  
Research Trends ◽  
Development Processes

A model of the analysis of the dynamics and structure of socio-economic development (an example of the set of the largest Polish cities in the years 1998–2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Lidia Mierzejewska ◽  
Jerzy Parysek
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The State ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
State Of Affairs

Abstract The complexity of the reality studied by geographical research requires applying such methods which allow describing the state of affairs and ongoing changes in the best possible way. This study aims to present a model of research on selected aspects of the dynamics and structure of socio-economic development. The idea was to determine whether we deal with the process of reducing or widening the differences in terms of individual features. The article primarily pursues a methodological goal, and to a lesser extent an empirical one. The methodological objective of the paper was to propose and verify a multi-aspect approach to the study of development processes. The analyses carried out reveal that in terms of the features taken into account in the set of 24 of the largest Polish cities the dominating processes are those increasing differences between cities, which are unfavourable in the context of the adopted development policies aiming at reducing the existing disparities. In relation to the methodological objective, the results of the conducted research confirm the rationale of the application of the measures of dynamics and the feature variance to determine the character (dynamics and structure) of the socio-economic development process of cities. Comparatively less effective, especially for interpretation, is the application of principal component analysis and a multivariate classification, which is mainly the result of differences in the variance of particular features.

Use of Business Models within Model Driven Architecture

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (38) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Erika Asnina
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Separation Of Concerns ◽  
Model Driven Architecture ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Business Requirements ◽  
Complex Computer ◽  
Independent Model

Use of Business Models within Model Driven Architecture Model Driven Architecture is a framework dedicated for development of large and complex computer systems. It states and implements the principle of architectural separation of concerns. This means that a system can be modeled from three different but related to each other viewpoints. The viewpoint discussed in this paper is a Computation Independent one. MDA specification states that a model that shows a system from this viewpoint is a business model. Taking into account transformations foreseen by MDA, it should be useful for automation of software development processes. This paper discusses an essence of the Computation Independent Model (CIM) and the place of business models in the computation independent modeling. This paper considers four types of business models, namely, SBVR, BPMN, use cases and Topological Functioning Model (TFM). Business persons use SBVR to define business vocabularies and business rules of the existing and planned domains, BPMN to define business processes of both existing and planned domains, and use cases to define business requirements to the planned domain. The TFM is used to define functionality of both existing and planned domains. This paper discusses their capabilities to be used as complete CIMs with formally defined conformity between planned and existing domains.

Product Modeling, Evaluation and Validation at the Detailed Design Stage

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Iorga ◽  
Alain Desrochers
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Product Modeling ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Product Variation ◽  
Process Methodology ◽  
Capstone Projects ◽  
Short Time

The expansion of the markets corroborated with product customization and short time to launch the product have led to new levels of competition among product development companies. To be successful in the globalization of the markets and to enable the evaluation and validation of products, companies have to develop methodologies focused on lifecycle analysis and reduction of product variation to obtain both quality and robustness of products. Keywords: Modeling, Evaluation, Validation, Design ProcessThis paper proposes a new design process methodology that unifies theoretical results of modeling stage and empirical findings obtained from the validation stage. The evaluations and validations of engineering design are very important and they have a high influence on product performances and their functionality, as well on the customer perceptions.Given that most companies maintain the confidentiality of their product development processes and that the existing literature does not provide more detailed aspects of this field, the proposed methodology will represent a technical and logistical support intended for students or engineers involved in academic as well as industrial projects.A generic methodology will be refined based on a new approach that will take into consideration the specification types (quantitative or qualitative), the design objectives and the product types: new/improved, structural/esthetic. Hence the new generic methodology will be composed of specific product validation algorithms taking into account the above considerations. At the end of this paper, the improvements provided by the proposed methodology into the design process will be shown in the context of the engineering student capstone projects at the Université de Sherbrooke.

Entanglements between Agency and Vulnerability in the Phenomenon of Birth. Reflections on Children’s Expressions about ‘Being Born’

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-2020) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Catrin Heite ◽  
Veronika Magyar-Haas
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cultural Embeddedness

Analogously to the works in the field of new social studies of childhood, this contribution deals with the concept of childhood as a social construction, in which children are considered as social actors in their own living environment, engaged in interpretive reproduction of the social. In this perspective the concept of agency is strongly stressed, and the vulnerability of children is not sufficiently taken into account. But in combining vulnerability and agency lies the possibility to consider the perspective of the subjects in the context of their social, political and cultural embeddedness. In this paper we show that what children say, what is important to them in general and for their well-being, is shaped by the care experiences within the family and by their social contexts. The argumentation for the intertwining of vulnerability and agency is exemplified by the expressions of an interviewed girl about her birth and by reference to philosophical concepts about birth and natality.

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