scholarly journals Triboelectric Nanogenerator Enabled Smart Shoes for Wearable Electricity Generation

Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yongjiu Zou ◽  
Alberto Libanori ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Ardo Nashalian ◽  
Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
And Performance

The parallel evolution of wearable electronics, artificial intelligence, and fifth-generation wireless technology has created a technological paradigm with the potential to change our lives profoundly. Despite this, addressing limitations linked to continuous, sustainable, and pervasive powering of wearable electronics remains a bottleneck to overcome in order to maximize the exponential benefit that these technologies can bring once synergized. A recent groundbreaking discovery has demonstrated that by using the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can efficiently convert irregular and low-frequency passive biomechanical energy from body movements into electrical energy, providing an infinite and sustainable power source for wearable electronics. A number of human motions have been exploited to properly and efficiently harness this energy potential, including human ambulation. Shoes are an indispensable component of daily wearing and can be leveraged as an excellent platform to exploit such kinetic energy. In this article, the latest representative achievements of TENG-based smart electricity-generating shoes are comprehensively reviewed. We summarize ways in which not only can biomechanical energy be scavenged via ambulatory motion, but also biomonitoring of health parameters via tracking of rhythm and strength of pace can be implemented to aid in theranostic fields. This work provides a systematical review of the rational structural design, practical applications, scenario analysis, and performance evaluation of TENG-based smart shoes for wearable electricity generation. In addition, the perspective for future development of smart electricity-generation shoes as a sustainable and pervasive energy solution towards the upcoming era of the Internet of Things is discussed.

scholarly journals PDMS Microfabrication and Design for Microfluidics and Sustainable Energy Application: Review

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Chen-Kuei Chung
Keyword(s):  
Process Integration ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Hydrophobic Recovery ◽  
Optical Examination

The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is popular for wide application in various fields of microfluidics, microneedles, biology, medicine, chemistry, optics, electronics, architecture, and emerging sustainable energy due to the intrinsic non-toxic, transparent, flexible, stretchable, biocompatible, hydrophobic, insulating, and negative triboelectric properties that meet different requirements. For example, the flexibility, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, good stability, and high transparency make PDMS a good candidate for the material selection of microfluidics, microneedles, biomedical, and chemistry microchips as well as for optical examination and wearable electronics. However, the hydrophobic surface and post-surface-treatment hydrophobic recovery impede the development of self-driven capillary microchips. How to develop a long-term hydrophilicity treatment for PDMS is crucial for capillary-driven microfluidics-based application. The dual-tone PDMS-to-PDMS casting for concave-and-convex microstructure without stiction is important for simplifying the process integration. The emerging triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) uses the transparent flexible PDMS as the high negative triboelectric material to make friction with metals or other positive-triboelectric material for harvesting sustainably mechanical energy. The morphology of PDMS is related to TENG performance. This review will address the above issues in terms of PDMS microfabrication and design for the efficient micromixer, microreactor, capillary pump, microneedles, and TENG for more practical applications in the future.

Wafer-scale heterostructured piezoelectric bio-organic thin films

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 373 (6552) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Yin Long ◽  
Ziyi Zhang ◽  
Linfeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Wafer Scale ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Piezoelectric Phase ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Piezoelectric biomaterials are intrinsically suitable for coupling mechanical and electrical energy in biological systems to achieve in vivo real-time sensing, actuation, and electricity generation. However, the inability to synthesize and align the piezoelectric phase at a large scale remains a roadblock toward practical applications. We present a wafer-scale approach to creating piezoelectric biomaterial thin films based on γ-glycine crystals. The thin film has a sandwich structure, where a crystalline glycine layer self-assembles and automatically aligns between two polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thin films. The heterostructured glycine-PVA films exhibit piezoelectric coefficients of 5.3 picocoulombs per newton or 157.5 × 10−3 volt meters per newton and nearly an order of magnitude enhancement of the mechanical flexibility compared with pure glycine crystals. With its natural compatibility and degradability in physiological environments, glycine-PVA films may enable the development of transient implantable electromechanical devices.

scholarly journals Biomechanical energy harvest based on textiles used in self-powering clothing

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502096735
Author(s):  
Li Niu ◽  
Xuhong Miao ◽  
Gaoming Jiang ◽  
Ailan Wan ◽  
Yutian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Energy Harvest ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
New Generation

Advanced triboelectric nanogenerator techniques provide a massive opportunity for the development of new generation wearable electronics, which toward multi-function and self-powering. Textiles have been refreshed with the requirement of flexible electronics in recent decades. In particular, knitted-textiles have exhibited enormous and prominent potential possibilities for smart wearable devices, which are based on the merits of high stretchability, excellent elasticity, comfortability as well as compatibility. Combined knitted textiles with nanogenerator techniques will promote the knitted textile triboelectric nanogenerators (KNGs) emerging, endowing conventional textiles with biomechanical energy harvesting and sensing energy supplied abilities. However, the design of KNGs and the construction of KNGs are based on features of human motions symbolizing considerable challenges in both high efficiency and excellent comfort. Currently, this review is concerned with KNGs construction account of triboelectric effects referring to knitted-textile classifications, structural features, human motion energy traits, working mechanisms, and practical applications. Moreover, the remaining challenges of industrial production and the future prospects of knitted-textile triboelectric nanogenerators of harvesting biomechanical energy are presented.

scholarly journals Dual Toroidal Dipole Resonance Metamaterials under a Terahertz Domain

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Song Wang ◽  
Quan Li ◽  
Xiaoli Zhao ◽  
Jianyu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Multipole Interaction ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Dipole Resonance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Quality Factor Q

We proposed and fabricated a flexible, planar, U-shape-modified structure metamaterial (MM) that was composed of two metallic pattern layers separated by a polyimide layer, where each metallic pattern layer consists of two U-shaped split ring resonators (USRRs). The coupling effect between the two USRRs in the same metallic layer was vital to the formation of dual toroidal dipole (TD) resonances. The measured and simulated results showed that both low quality factor (Q) (~1.82) and high Q (~10.31) TD resonances were acquired synchronously at two different frequencies in the MMs by adjusting the distance between the two coplanar USRRs. With the interaction of the USRRs, the energy levels of the USRRs were split into inductance-capacitance (LC)-induced TD resonance at low frequency and dipole-induced TD resonance at high frequency. Thus, the electric multipole interaction played an important role in determining the energy level of the TD resonance. The better strength of the high frequency TD resonance can be confined to an electromagnetic field inside a smaller circular region, and thus, a higher Q was obtained. In order to investigate the TD mechanism more in depth, the power of the electric dipole, magnetic dipole, electric circular dipole, and TD were quantitatively calculated. Dual TD MMs on a freestanding substrate will have potential applications in functional terahertz devices for practical applications.

scholarly journals Increasing Access to Electricity: An Assessment of the Energy and Power Generation Potential from Biomass Waste Residues in Tanzania

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1793
Author(s):  
Zahida Aslam ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
James Hammerton ◽  
Gordon Andrews ◽  
Andrew Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Diesel Generators

Tanzania has a high rural population, of which many rely on off-grid diesel generators to produce electricity. The focus of this paper is to assess if the waste biomass residues in Tanzania have sufficient energy potential to produce renewable electrical energy for small-scale electricity generation using off-grid diesel generators coupled with anaerobic digestion (AD) and/or gasification. The gaseous fuel produced can then be used to substitute diesel fuel used in small-scale dual fuel diesel gen-sets; thus, providing more affordable electricity whilst reducing dependency on fossil fuels. The biomass waste streams estimated are those arising from agriculture, forestry, livestock, and urban human waste. To answer this question, the energy potentials of each of these biomass waste streams are quantified, followed by further calculations to determine the electricity generation capacity per stream based on overall efficiencies of 10 and 25%. The results show that combined these waste streams have an energy potential of 385 PJ (for the base year of 2018) generated from 26,924 kilotonnes (kt). Collectively, these residues can produce at least 1.2 times the electricity generated nationally in 2018 using AD and gasification coupled with a diesel gen-set engine.

scholarly journals Soft fibers with magnetoelasticity for wearable electronics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zhao ◽  
Yihao Zhou ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Guorui Chen ◽  
Yunsheng Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Dipole Interaction ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Magnetoelastic Effect ◽  
Conductive Yarns

AbstractMagnetoelastic effect characterizes the change of materials’ magnetic properties under mechanical deformation, which is conventionally observed in some rigid metals or metal alloys. Here we show magnetoelastic effect can also exist in 1D soft fibers with stronger magnetomechanical coupling than that in traditional rigid counterparts. This effect is explained by a wavy chain model based on the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction and demagnetizing factor. To facilitate practical applications, we further invented a textile magnetoelastic generator (MEG), weaving the 1D soft fibers with conductive yarns to couple the observed magnetoelastic effect with magnetic induction, which paves a new way for biomechanical-to-electrical energy conversion with short-circuit current density of 0.63 mA cm−2, internal impedance of 180 Ω, and intrinsic waterproofness. Textile MEG was demonstrated to convert the arterial pulse into electrical signals with a low detection limit of 0.05 kPa,  even with heavy perspiration or in underwater situations without encapsulations.

scholarly journals Recent advances in ocean wave energy harvesting by triboelectric nanogenerator: An overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 716-735
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Pengzhong Wang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Dazhuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Ocean Wave Energy ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
And Performance

AbstractA sustainable power source is more and more important in modern society. Ocean wave energy is a very promising renewable energy source, and it is widely distributed worldwide. But, it is difficult to develop efficiently due to various limitations of the traditional electromagnetic generator. In recent years, the newly developed triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) provides an excellent way to convert water wave energy into electrical energy, which is mainly based on the coupling between triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. In this paper, a review is given for recent advances in using the TENG technology harvesting water wave energy. We first introduce the four most fundamental modes of TENG, based on which a range of wave energy harvesting devices have been demonstrated. Then, these applications’ structure and performance optimizations are discussed. Besides, the connection methods between TENG units are also summarized. Finally, it also outlines the development prospects and challenges of technology.

Comparison Model Hargreaves, Annandale and New Model for Estimation of Solar Radiation in Perlis, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Suwarno Suwarno ◽  
Rohana Rohana
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
New Model ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Energy Modelling ◽  
The Universe

<p>Sunlight is a potential source of electrical energy in the universe. Utilization of solar radiation is not optimal to be a source of electricity generation. Before harnessed solar radiation in order to know in advance the estimated potential energy. Modelling estimates of solar radiation in three models: models Hargreaves, Annandale and the proposed new model. The new model proposed solar radiation estimates based on models Hargreaves and Annandale. Some models for estimating solar radiation is discussed in this paper which aims to determine the potential of solar radiation into electrical energy potential. A new model is proposed to estimate solar radiation. Comparison of the three models are estimated using statistical analysis e (%), CRM, and RMSE is obtained that the proposed new model is better, when compared to other models.</p>

scholarly journals Fully Fabric-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators as Self-Powered Human–Machine Interactive Keyboards

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Yi ◽  
Kai Dong ◽  
Shen Shen ◽  
Yang Jiang ◽  
Xiao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Haar Wavelet ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Low Frequency Motion

AbstractCombination flexible and stretchable textiles with self-powered sensors bring a novel insight into wearable functional electronics and cyber security in the era of Internet of Things. This work presents a highly flexible and self-powered fully fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator (F-TENG) with sandwiched structure for biomechanical energy harvesting and real-time biometric authentication. The prepared F-TENG can power a digital watch by low-frequency motion and respond to the pressure change by the fall of leaves. A self-powered wearable keyboard (SPWK) is also fabricated by integrating large-area F-TENG sensor arrays, which not only can trace and record electrophysiological signals, but also can identify individuals' typing characteristics by means of the Haar wavelet. Based on these merits, the SPWK has promising applications in the realm of wearable electronics, self-powered sensors, cyber security, and artificial intelligences.

Synthesis of Defect-Free Peaucellier Mechanism and Potential Implications for Energy Harvesting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Almandeel ◽  
Abdulaziz Aladwani ◽  
Hessein Ali
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Base Excitation ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Harmonic Motion ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Design Variables

Abstract Cantilevered beams with piezoceramic layers are typically used to generate electrical energy; hence, a base excitation on a harvester is required. This work investigates the use of a link-type mechanism called the Peaucellier mechanism to actuate piezoelectric energy harvesters. The Peaucellier mechanism is known to trace an exact straight line, providing harmonic motion, which is exploited here for exciting a bimorph piezoelectric cantilever beam. To generate the required base excitation, a function generation synthesis methodology for designing a defect-free Peaucellier mechanism driven by a dyad (PMD) is proposed, in addition to an example being provided to confirm the efficacy of the method. The harmonic motion involves two design variables (frequency and amplitude) which are key parameters and can be tuned to generate the required electrical power. It was determined that PMD could excite the energy harvester, generating an electrical power of approximately 4.52 μ W at low frequency. The synthesis generated a mean absolute error of 0.061 m/s2 confirming an excellent match between the points of the input-output and desired acceleration. The results confirm that the Peaucellier mechanism is suitable for the actuation of energy harvesters where parasitic power harvesting is required in different practical applications, including robotics and stationary machines.

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