scholarly journals Efficacy of Sovodak in the Management of Patients Co-infected with HIV/HCV

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-665
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Somi ◽  
Bita Sepehri ◽  
Zeinab Nikniaz ◽  
Roya Sedghi
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Genotype 1A ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Genotype 3A

Purpose : Sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DOC) are suggested for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with concomitant HCV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In 2016, Sovodak tablet a combination of SOF and DOC was introduced. In the present study we assessed the effectiveness of SOF in the treatment of HCV in patients co-infected with HIV. Methods: A total of 26 HCV patients co-infected with HIV received SOF for 3 months. One patient did not adhere to the drug protocol and was removed from the final analysis. The blood sample for qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was obtained after treatment and sustained virological response (SVR) was calculated. Results: Twenty five patients finished the study. The mean patients’ age was 44.16±6.21 years. About 72% of participants had HCV genotype 1a, 8% genotype 1b, and 20% genotype 3a. After 3 months of intervention with Sovodak, the SVR12 was about 96%. None of the patients reported any adverse events. Conclusion: For the first time, the results of the present study showed that Sovodak had high SVR12 in HCV patients co-infected with HIV. However, for a precise conclusion, there is a need for larger studies and an equal number of patients with different virus genotypes.

Psychiatric Family History in Juvenile Psychiatric Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
L. Mata ◽  
R. Perez ◽  
R. Garcia ◽  
F. Sanchez ◽  
C. Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Community Center ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Introduction:The presence of mental illness in any of the parents can be a stressful factor in the child and be in certain way generator of disease. AIMS describe and quantify the psychiatric family history in patients who were consecutively referred to the outpatient department of children and adolescent psychiatry,mental health community center of collado villalba, MadridMaterial and method:Obtain data of a series of cases filing a card of the 18-year-old minor patients who in September, October, November and December, 2007 come for the first time to our mental health community center.Results:The total number of patients were 114. There were psychiatric family history in 36,8% (N=42), the mother was or had been in psychiatric treatment in 28% (N=31)) of the cases, the father in 15% (N=17) and the brothers in 7 % (N=8), the most frequent diagnoses in mothers it were neurosis in 21 % (N=24), toxic abuse in 3,5% (N=4) and personality disorder in 1,8% (N=2), toxic abuse was the most frequent with 8,8% (N=10) in parents, followed by neurosis diagnosed in 4,4% (N=5), the most frequent diagnoses in brothers was the emotional disorder in 4,4,% (N=5). The mean age of parents was 41,34 (SE =6,34), in mothers was 38,43 (SE=6,59).Conclusions:We have to consider the existence of some kind of psychiatric family history in the therapeutic plan of the patient.

scholarly journals Effect of Smoking on Pathological Grade and Stage in Clinically Low-Risk Patients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan Öğreden ◽  
Ural Oğuz ◽  
Erhan Demirelli ◽  
Orhan Yalçın
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Tumor ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Group I ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
First Time ◽  
Single Lesion

AbstractWe investigated the effect of cigarette smoking on pathological staging in clinically low-risk patients. Data of 59 patients who were diagnosed with bladder tumor for the first time and had a single lesion radiologically and endoscopically smaller than 3 cm were investigated retrospectively. 33 patients who smoked were classified as Group I, and 26 patients who did not smoke were classified as Group II. Pathological diagnoses of the patients in both groups were compared. The mean age of the patients were 64.8 (20–86) years. In Group II, 5 (19.2%) were female and 21 (80.8%) were male (p < 0.05). Nine patients (27.3%) in Group I and 18 patients (69.2%) in Group II had Ta disease (p < 0.05). Nineteen patients (57.6%) in Group I and 5 patients (19.2%) in Group II had T1 disease (p < 0.05). The number of patients with low grade (LG) tumor were 8 (24.2%) and 19 (73.1%) in Group I and in Group II, respectively (p < 0.05). The number of patients with high grade(HG) tumor were 25 (75.8%) and 7 (26.9%) in Group I and in Group II, respectively (p < 0.05). TaHG was detected in 9 (27.3%) patients in Group I. In contrast, no patients in Group II had TaHG disease (p < 0.05). The number of patients with T1HG was 17(51.5%) patients in Group I and 2 (7.69%) patients in Group II (p < 0.05). Smoking is associated with pathologically HG and stage in patients with first time bladder tumor which is single and smaller than 3 cm.

scholarly journals Intracellular Pharmacokinetics of Once versus Twice Daily Zidovudine and Lamivudine in Adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 3516-3522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Flynn ◽  
John Rodman ◽  
Jane C. Lindsey ◽  
Brian Robbins ◽  
Edmund Capparelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Chronic Therapy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) metabolism to triphosphates (TP) is necessary for antiviral activity. The aims of this study were to compare ZDV-TP and 3TC-TP concentrations in adolescents receiving twice daily (BID) and once daily (QD) regimens and to determine the metabolite concentrations of ZDV and 3TC during chronic therapy on a QD regimen. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients (12 to 24 years) taking ZDV (600 mg/day) and 3TC (300 mg/day) as part of a highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen received QD and BID regimens of ZDV and 3TC for 7 to 14 days in a crossover design. Serial blood samples were obtained over 24 h on the QD regimen. Intracellular mono-, di-, and triphosphates for ZDV and 3TC were measured. The median ratio of BID/QD for ZDV-TP predose concentrations was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00 to 2.45) and for 3TC-TP was 1.12 (95% CI = 0.81 to 1.96). The typical population estimated half-lives (± the standard error of the mean) were 9.1 ± 0.859 h for ZDV-TP and 17.7 ± 2.8 h for 3TC-TP. Most patients had detectable levels of the TP of ZDV (24 of 27) and 3TC (24 of 25) 24 h after dosing, and half-lives on a QD regimen were similar to previously reported values when the drugs were given BID. Lower, but not significantly different, concentrations of ZDV-TP were demonstrated in the QD regimen compared to the BID regimen (P = 0.056). Although findings were similar between the BID and QD groups, the lower concentrations of ZDV and the number of patients below the level of detection after 24 h suggests that ZDV should continue to be administered BID.

scholarly journals Analgesia of acute abdominal pain in the Emergency Department

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Panteleimon Kalaronis ◽  
Antonia Kalogianni ◽  
Martha Kelesi ◽  
Eytichia Evagelidou ◽  
Ioulia-Maria Mpalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Introduction: Pain accounts for 40% of all patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED). The most common cause of pain is abdominal pain, which accounts for 8%. In contrast to the international guidelines, pain is under-treated making the phenomenon of oligoanalgesia apparent.Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the incidence of analgesia in patients admitted to the ED suffering from acute abdominal pain.  Material and Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The studied sample consisted of 197 patients, who admitted to the ED of a General Hospital of Athens, Greece with reported symptom: acute abdominal pain. For data collection, a special designed form of closed-type questionnaires was used. Data analysis was performed by using the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical packet ver.19.Results: Out of the total number of patients admitted to ED with reported abdominal pain, 74.6% received analgesia and the mean time of analgesia administration during ED admission was 46.43 minutes. The mean pain intensity at the first time point measurement was 7.16 and at the second one was 4.04, according to pain recording scale (0-10 scale). Non-opioid anti-inflammatories (52.3%),  non-steroidal analgesics (22.8%) and opioids (9.1%) were mainly administered patients during their ED stayConclusions: Despite the published international guidelines which refer to analgesia time and type, pain and especially abdominal pain, is under-treated. The key to tackling oligoanalgesia is to educate health professionals.

scholarly journals Developmental Pharmacogenetics of CYP2D6 in Chinese Children: Loratadine as a Substrate Drug

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Yue-E Wu ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Hai-Yan Shi ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Substrate Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: The elucidation of CYP2D6 developmental pharmacogenetics in children has improved, however, these findings have been largely limited to studies of Caucasian children. Given the clear differences in CYP2D6 pharmacogenetic profiles in people of different ancestries, there remains an unmet need to better understand the developmental pharmacogenetics in populations of different ancestries. We sought to use loratadine as a substrate drug to evaluate the effects of ontogeny and pharmacogenetics on the developmental pattern of CYP2D6 in Chinese pediatric patients.Methods: Chinese children receiving loratadine treatment were enrolled in the present study. The metabolite-to-parent ratio (M/P ratio), defined as the molar ratio of desloratadine to loratadine of trough concentrations samples at steady-state condition, was used as a surrogate of CYP2D6 activity. Loratadine and desloratadine were determined by LC/MS/MS method. Variants of CYP2D6 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction for CYP2D6 *4, *10, *41 and long polymerase chain reaction for CYP2D6 *5.Results: A total of 40 patients were available for final analysis. The mean age was 4.50 (range 0.50–9.00) years and the mean weight was 19.64 (range 7.00–42.00) kg. The M/P ratio was significantly lower in intermediate metabolizers (IMs) compared to normal metabolizers (NMs) (10.18 ± 7.97 vs. 18.80 ± 15.83, p = 0.03). Weight was also found to be significantly associated with M/P ratio (p = 0.03).Conclusion: The developmental pharmacogenetics of CYP2D6 in Chinese children was evaluated using loratadine as a substrate drug. This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating the developmental pharmacogenetics in populations of different ancestries.

Heparin Cofactor II Deficiency in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (05) ◽  
pp. 730-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Toulon ◽  
M Lamine ◽  
I Ledjev ◽  
T Guez ◽  
M E Holleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Thrombin Inhibitor ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Heparin Cofactor Ii ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Coagulation Inhibitor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocytes

SummaryIn human plasma, heparin cofactor II (HCII) is a thrombin inhibitor, whose deficiency has been reported to be associated with recurrent thrombosis. The finding of two cases of low plasma HCII activity in two patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) led us to investigate this coagulation inhibitor in the plasma of a larger population of HIV-infected patients. The mean plasma HCII activity was significantly lower in 96 HIV-infected patients than in 96 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (0.75 ± 0.24 vs 0.99 ± 0.17 U/ml, p <0.0001). HCII antigen concentration was decreased to the same extent as the activity. The proportion of subjects with HCII deficiency was significantly higher in the HIV-infected group than in healthy individuals (38.5% vs 2.1%). In addition, HCII was significantly lower in AIDS patients than in other HIV-infected patients, classified according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) on the basis of an absolute number of circulating CD4+ lymphocytes below 200 x 106/1. The link between HCII and immunodeficiency is further suggested by significant correlations between HCII activity and both the absolute number of CD4+ lymphocytes and the CD4+ to CD8+ lymphocyte ratio. Nevertheless, the mean HCII level was not different in the various groups of patients classified according to clinical criteria, except in CDC IVD patients in whom HCII levels were significantly lower. In addition, no correlation could be demonstrated between HCII and protein S activities, another coagulation inhibitor whose plasma level was also found to be decreased in HIV-infected patients. A similar prevalence of HCII deficiency was also found in a small series of 7 HIV-infected patients who developed thrombotic episodes, an unusual complication of the infection. This suggests that, in HIV-infected patients, HCII deficiency is not in itself the causative factor for the development of thrombosis.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP MELALUI LOGOTERAPI PADA KLIEN YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Abdul Wakhid ◽  
Ana Puji Astuti ◽  
Maya Kurnia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Logoterapi merupakan terapi untuk menemukan makna positif dibalik sebuah kejadian yang tidak diharapkan. Logoterapi dilaksanakan secara individu maupun berkelompok dalam bentuk konseling dan berorientasi pada pencarian makna hidup individu. Tujuan logoterapi meningkatkan makna pengalaman hidup individu yang diarahkan kepada pengambilan keputusan yang bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan pre-experiment dengan metode pre and post test group, artinya pengumpulan data dilakukan terhadap responden untuk membandingkan kualitas hidup sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling yaitu pengambilan seluruh sampel dengan tetap memperhatikan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Jumlah pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Ungaran sebanyak 21 orang dan di RSUD Ambarawa sebanyak 25 pasien. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t test dependent. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dari 46 responden didapatkan rata-rata skor kualitas hidup pasien yang mejalani hemodialisis sebesar 60.22 dengan skor terrendah 55 dan skor tertinggi 69. Bahwa dari 46 responden didapatkan rata-rata skor kualitas hidup pasien yang mejalani hemodialisis sebesar 88.72 dengan skor terrendah 79 dan skor tertinggi 103. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji t test dependent diketahui ada pengaruh logoterapi terhadap kemampuan memaknai hidup pada klien yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Kabupaten Semarang (p value: 0,0001). Saran perlunya peningkatan kemampuan perawat dalam memberikan layanan kesehatan termasuk pemberian atau pemanduan penemuan makna hidup bagi pasien hemodialysis, agar selain dengan hemodialysis, ada faktor internal dari pasien yang dapat dijadikan sebagai motivasi untuk sembuh dari penyakit.   Kata Kunci: Logoterapi, kualitas hidup   IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE WHO UNDERWENT HEMODIALYSIS   ABSTRACT Logotherapy is a therapy to discover the positive meaning behind an unexpected event. Logotherapy is carried out individually or in groups in the form of counseling and oriented to the search for the meaning of individual life. This study aims to improve the quality of life of patients with renal failure who underwent hemodialysis. This research was conducted by using pre-experiment with pre-post test study. The sampling technique was done by the convenience sampling. The number of patients undergoing hemodialysis as many as 46 respondents. Data analysis was done by using test t test dependent. The result showed that from 46 respondents got the mean of quality of life of patients who had hemodialysis 60.22 with lowest score 55 and highest score 69. Whereas from 46 respondents got the mean score of life quality of patients who had hemodialysis 88.72 with score the lowest score 79 and the highest score 103. The result of statistical test with t test dependent is known there is influence of logoterapi to the ability of meaningful life on client who undergo hemodialysis at Semarang Regency hospitals (p value: 0.0001). Advice on the need to improve the nurse's ability to provide health services, including the provision or guidance of the discovery of the meaning of life for hemodialysis patients, in addition to hemodialysis, there are internal factors of the patient that can be used as a motivation to recover from illness.   Keywords: Logotherapy, quality of life, kidney failure.  

RESULTS OF INTRALESIONAL TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE FOR CHALAZION TREATMENT

2011 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Viet Hien Vo ◽  
Thi Em Do
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Interventional Trial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The study use intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection proceduce for chalazion treatment.1. Objectives: To evaluate results of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment. 2. Method: This noncomparative prospective interventional trial included 72 chalazions of 61 patients. 3. Results: 61 patients (72 chalazions) with 19 males (31.1%) và 42 females (68.9%), the mean age was 24 ± 9,78 years. 31.1% patients was the first time chalazion and 68.9% patients was more than one times chalazion including 78.6% patients was recurrent at the first position and 21.4% patients occur at new position. 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions was treated before and 56 (77.8%) chalazions wasn’t done that. 72 chalazions with 49 chalazions (68.1%) are local in upper eyelid and 23 chalazions (31.9%) are local in lower eyelid. The mean of chalazion diameter is 6.99 ± 3.03mm. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is injected to treat 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions are injected through the route of skin and 56 (77.8%) chalazions are injected through the route of conjunctiva. After 2 weeks follow-up, the success rate was 93.1% and 6.9% failed. 4. Conclusion: intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment is really effective. Key words: chalazion, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide.

Synthesis of a silymarin-gold nanoparticle conjugate and analysis of its liver-protecting activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Staroverov ◽  
Sergey Kozlov ◽  
Alexander Fomin ◽  
Konstantib Gabalov ◽  
Alexey Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Experimental Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Liver Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
First Time

Background: The liver disease problem prompts investigators to search for new methods of liver treatment. Introduction: Silymarin (Sil) protects the liver by reducing the concentration of free radicals and the extent of damage to the cell membranes. A particularly interesting method to increase the bioavailability of Sil is to use synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as reagents. The study considered whether it was possible to use the silymarin-AuNP conjugate as a potential liver-protecting drug. Method: AuNPs were conjugated to Sil and examine the liver-protecting activity of the conjugate. Experimental hepatitis and hepatocyte cytolysis after carbon tetrachloride actionwere used as a model system, and the experiments were conducted on laboratory animals. Result: For the first time, silymarin was conjugated to colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Electron microscopy showed that the resultant preparations were monodisperse and that the mean conjugate diameter was 18–30 nm ± 0.5 nm (mean diameter of the native nanoparticles, 15 ± 0.5 nm). In experimental hepatitis in mice, conjugate administration interfered with glutathione depletion in hepatocytes in response to carbon tetrachloride was conducive to an increase in energy metabolism, and stimulated the monocyte–macrophage function of the liver. The results were confirmed by the high respiratory activity of the hepatocytes in cell culture. Conclusion: We conclude that the silymarin-AuNP conjugate holds promise as a liver-protecting agent in acute liver disease caused by carbon tetrachloride poisoning.

scholarly journals Can an amino acid mixture alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms in neuroendocrine tumor patients?

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Chauhan ◽  
Satya Das ◽  
Rachel Miller ◽  
Laura Luque ◽  
Samuel N. Cheuvront ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Short Gut Syndrome ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Neuroendocrine tumors, although relatively rare in incidence, are now the second most prevalent gastrointestinal neoplasm owing to indolent disease biology. A small but significant sub-group of neuroendocrine tumor patients suffer from diarrhea. This is usually secondary to carcinoid syndrome but can also be a result of short gut syndrome, bile acid excess or iatrogenic etiologies. Recently, an amino acid based oral rehydration solution (enterade® Advanced Oncology Formula) was found to have anti-diarrheal properties in preclinical models. Methods A retrospective chart review of all NET patients treated with enterade® AO was performed after IRB approval. Results Ninety-eight NET patients who had received enterade® AO at our clinic from May 2017 through June 2019 were included. Patients (N = 49 of 98) with follow up data on bowel movements (BMs) were included for final analysis. Eighty-four percent of patients (41/49) had fewer BMs after taking enterade® AO and 66% (27/41) reported more than 50% reduction in BM frequency. The mean number of daily BMs was 6.6 (range, 3–20) at baseline before initiation of therapy, while the mean number of BMs at 1 week time point post enterade® AO was 2.9 (range, 0–11). Conclusions Our retrospective observations are encouraging and support prospective validation with appropriate controls in NET patients. This is first published report of the potential anti-diarrheal activity of enterade® AO in NET patients.

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