scholarly journals Neuropharmacological studies of ethanolic extract of Vaccinium corymbosum on Alzheimer’s type dementia and catatonia in Swiss albino mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
Hanish Singh Jayasingh Chellammal ◽  
Bama VV Menon ◽  
Mizaton Hazizul Hasan ◽  
Afiq Azil ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq Bin Suhaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Behavioural Changes

Introduction: Neuroactive herbal drugs enriched with antioxidants are valuable in treating neurocognitive dysfunction and Vaccinium corymbosum, enriched with antioxidant phytochemicals, is used for treating memory disorders. Hence, the present study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Vaccinium corymbosum (EEVC) on aluminium chloride(AlCl3)-induced Alzheimer’s type of dementia and haloperidol-induced catalepsy-associated behavioural changes. Methods:In vitro antioxidant potential was evaluated using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS). The total phenolic content (TPC) was quantified. For in vivo studies, AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) was orally administered for 42 days, whereas the EEVC was administered on the 21st day until the 42nd day in two doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg). In the haloperidol-induced group, EEVC was treated for 21 days, and haloperidol (1 mg/kg) was administered to induce behavioural changes. Open-field, Y-Maze and traction tests were performed, and the mice brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme was determined. Results: IC50 values in DPPH and ABTS assays were 85.5 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL, respectively and the total phenolic content of EEVC was found to be 0.166 mg. In a behavioral study, animals treated with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of EEVC exhibited a neuroprotective impact on AlCl3-induced neurodegeneration and haloperidol-induced behavioral changes with significant inhibition (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Conclusion: The neuroprotection by EEVC postulated that it is a promising therapeutic agent for treating behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions. Further investigations on pro-inflammatory cytokine and neuroendocrine regulation in transgenic Alzheimer’s disease (AD)models complement the therapeutic value of V. corymbosum.

Phytochemical Evaluation and In-vitro Antioxidant Potential of whole plant of Caralluma adscendens

2021 ◽  
pp. 2774-2778
Author(s):  
Divya Yada ◽  
T. Sivakkumar ◽  
M. Sudhakar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Whole Plant

The current line of investigation was focused at perusing the presence of phytochemical constituents, investigation of total phenol and flavonoid content, the antioxidant potential of various extracts of Caralluma adscendens whole plant using various in-vitro assays. The dried plant powder was extracted with various solvents based on polarity (Pet ether, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Ethanol and Aqueous) by hot continuous extraction in Soxhlet's apparatus and Extracts were dried. Phytoconstituents present in each extract was examined by performing preliminary phytochemical screening. Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and Antioxidant potential for crude extracts were studied by DPPH, nitric oxide scavenging and FRAP methods. The total phenolic content and flavonoid content of Ethanolic extract of plant was found to be 80.08±0.629mg and 70.88±1.170mg of GAE and Quercetin equivalents respectively. The Ethanolic extract exhibited potent antioxidant activity as determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH), nitric oxide scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays(FRAP) than the other extracts. The IC50 values for the Ethanolic extract of Caralluma adscendens was found to be 214.765±0.224 µg/ml and 215.928±0.506µg/ml by DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assays respectively.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves.

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1387-1393
Author(s):  
Irina Francesca González Mera ◽  
Orestes Darío López Hernández ◽  
Vivian Morera Córdova
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Epidendrum coryophorum belongs to the Orchidaceae family. Traditional uses of some species for this genus include infusions of the leaves used for kidney problems, treat influenza, conjunctivitis, liver pain, relieve kidney symptoms, and hypoglycemic effect. This work's objective was to determine the phytochemical profile of the ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves and to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory activity in vitro of the extract employing the erythrocyte membrane stabilization method. The phytochemical screening carried out in this work suggested phenols, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and sterols in the ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves. Cardiotonic glycosides and carbohydrates were also found. The ethanolic extract's UV-Vis spectrum showed absorption maxima at 268 nm and 332 nm, which could correspond to flavonoids of the flavonoid classes, 3-OH substituted flavonols, or isoflavones. The quantitative determination of total phenols of the ethanolic extract was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total phenolic content expressed as mg Gallic acid equivalent (G.A.E.) per gram of extract was found to be 19,96 mgGAE/g of Epidendrum coryophorum. The ethanolic extract of Epidendrum coryophorum leaves showed hemolysis inhibition values ​​of 18,19% at 1,0 mg/mL, 38,98% at 1,5 mg/mL and 40,94% at 2,5 mg/mL compared with aspirin (positive control) giving values ​​of 65,33% at 1,0 mg/mL, 72,26% at 1,5 mg/mL and 73,75% at 2,5 mg/mL. The values ​​obtained for inhibition of hemolysis with ethanolic extract, compared with the values ​​obtained with a pure anti-inflammatory, are significant and demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity in Epidendrum coryophorum. Keywords: Epidendrum coryophorum, total phenolic content, microencapsulation, anti-inflammatory activity

scholarly journals Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of a 3% Cream Using Crude 70% Ethanolic Extract of Morus alba L. Leaves for Skin Hyperpigmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahab Edalatian Zakeri ◽  
Abbas Hadjiakhoondi ◽  
Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi ◽  
Mahdi Vazirian ◽  
Atefeh Naeimifar
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Perennial Plant

Background: Treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders is a challenge because of the side effects of current topical treatments. Thus, research for potent alternatives, especially of herbal origin, with comparable potency and less side effects is ongoing. Mours alba L. is a perennial plant with multiple established pharmacological effects, including antimelanogenesis effect. This effect has been demonstrated from different parts of the plant, including twigs, root barks, and leaves by measuring tyrosinase inhibition, melanin content, and melanin index, and it has been attributed to phenolic compounds such as oxyresveratrol and moracin M, to name a few. However, no study has considered formulating the total phenolic compounds from the leaves of this plant so far. Objectives: The aim of this study was to extract phenolic compounds of leaves with repeated maceration using 70% ethanol, formulate the crude extract, inspect its physicochemical stability under accelerated conditions, and assay for microbial growth and active phenolic compounds. Methods: Total phenolic compounds were extracted using 70% ethanol with repeated maceration, and then they were concentrated. The extract was then assayed for total phenolic content using Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent. A 3% cream of this extract was manufactured, and its physicochemical parameters, microbial growth, preservative effectiveness, and total phenolic content were examined. Results: The prepared 3% cream was completely stable and homogeneous during the accelerated conditions and passed the physicochemical, total phenolic content, and microbial tests. Conclusions: The manufactured cream is a promising formulation for in vivo use as a skin lightening agent.

In Vitro Antioxidant and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ophioglossum thermale

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 279-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Qiong Zhang ◽  
Jin-Hwa Kim ◽  
Geun-Soo Lee ◽  
Hyeong-Bae Pyo ◽  
Eun-Young Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Antioxidant fractions from Ophioglossum thermale were extracted with five different polar solvents using a Soxhlet type extractor. The total phenolic content of the extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The ethyl acetate fraction of O. thermale was found to contain maximum phenolics. The dried fractions were screened for their antioxidant activity potential using in vitro model systems such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and lipid-peroxidation reduction at different concentrations. Results revealed that the EtOAc fraction exhibited the best performance in the DPPH assay, NBT assay and lipid peroxidation. All fractions showed more potent antioxidant capacity than green tea extract, a well-known antioxidant. Furthermore, the EtOAc fraction has the highest total phenolic content (475.65 mg of EGCG/g). In addition, the EtOAc fraction at 0.005% and 0.01% (g/100 ml) also significantly inhibited UVB irradiation-induced ROS generation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). In a carrageenan-induced edema model, the EtOAc fraction showed an inhibitory effect (21.5%, p < 0.05) at 200 mg/kg (p.o.) after 300 min administration. Consequently, 3-O-methylquercetin (3MQ) was also isolated from the antioxidative EtOAc fraction. The data obtained using the above in vitro and in vivo tests suggest that the antioxidant activity of O. thermale and its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced acute inflammation can be attributed to its ameliorating effect on oxidative damage, and thus it has great potential as a source for natural health products. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antioxidant activity of different polar extracts from O. thermale.

scholarly journals Evaluation on In Vitro Blood Clot Dissolving Potential of Aqueous Extract of Sida acuta Burm. F. Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Anita Mishra ◽  
Shadma Siddiqui ◽  
Shreya Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Sida Acuta

Clotting of blood is the vital processes and a perplexing interaction of various mechanisms of circulatory system due of failure of which is sometimes considered as a concern within the circulatory system causing acute myocardial or cerebral infarction which might cause demise. Sida acuta burm. f (Malvaceae) is abundantly growing small perennial shrub utilized by natives for diuretic, anthelmintic, calmative and wound healing properties, and are utilized in treating disorders like blood, bile, liver, nervous, urinary diseases and rheumatism. The present study was intended to evaluate the blood clot dissolving potential of Sida acuta leaf aqueous extract in vitro. The plant material as leaves were locally collected and subjected to phytochemical extraction with distilled water. The preliminary phytochemical tests total phenolic content was estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu’s method. In vitro thrombolytic activity of 3 different concentrations of aqueous extract was estimated on goat blood clot compared to the activity of streptokinase. The aqueous extract of S. acuta leaves  are reported to be rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and glycosides while the total phenolic content was estimated to be 17.48 % in extract which are mostly responsible for any pharmacological activity. Compared to the thrombolytic activity of standard streptokinase which was 73 %, the aqueous leaf extract of S. acuta displayed considerable blood clot dissolving activity at concentration 10 mg/100µl, 5.0 mg/100µl, and 2.5 mg/100µl as 41 %, 34 % and 12 % respectively. This property of plant extract is promising which could be could be exploited in development of new biopharmaceutical and therapeutic agents after stringent further physiological compatibility and in vivo pharmacological studies. Keywords: Sida acuta, phytochemical extract, thrombolytic activity, streptokinase

scholarly journals Redox Control of Antioxidant and Antihepatotoxic Activities ofCassia surattensisSeed Extract against Paracetamol Intoxication in Mice: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Herbal Green Antioxidant

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Seeta Uthaya Kumar ◽  
Yeng Chen ◽  
Jagat R. Kanwar ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hepatic Diseases

The therapeutic potential ofCassia surattensisin reducing free radical-induced oxidative stress and inflammation particularly in hepatic diseases was evaluated in this study. The polyphenol richC. surattensisseed extract showed good in vitro antioxidant.C. surattensisseed extract contained total phenolic content of 100.99 mg GAE/g dry weight and there was a positive correlation (r>0.9) between total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities of the seed extract.C. surattensisseed extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced the elevated levels of serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) and relative liver weight in paracetamol-induced liver hepatotoxicity in mice. Moreover, the extract significantly (p<0.05) enhanced the antioxidant enzymes and glutathione (GSH) contents in the liver tissues, which led to decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The histopathological examination showed the liver protective effect ofC. surattensisseed extract against paracetamol-induced histoarchitectural alterations by maximum recovery in the histoarchitecture of the liver tissue. Furthermore, histopathological observations correspondingly supported the biochemical assay outcome, that is, the significant reduction in elevated levels of serum liver enzymes. In conclusion,C. surattensisseed extract enhanced the in vivo antioxidant status and showed antihepatotoxic activities, which is probably due to the presence of phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Polyphenols in Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. fruits and the plant extracts antioxidant capacity evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 858-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Zălaru ◽  
Claudia Crişan ◽  
Ioan Călinescu ◽  
Zenovia Moldovan ◽  
Isabela Ţârcomnicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Coreopsis Tinctoria

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate the chemical composition of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. fruits extract, to highlight the potential of ultrasound assisted extraction in the fast preparation of extracts rich in polyphenols using different solvents (55%, 78% and 96% hydrous ethanol) and to evaluate the antioxidant potential of formulated extracts. LC-MS/MS was used to characterize the ethanolic extract from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. dried fruits. The extract contains different flavonoids (marein, flavanomarein, quercetagetin-7-O-glucoside, okanin aurone, leptosidin, luteolin, apigenin) and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid). Several parameters that could affect extraction efficiency were evaluated. Finally, this study focused on determination of plant extracts total phenolic content and their antioxidant capacity. The experimental results allowed the selection of the optimum operating parameters leading to the highest total polyphenolic content, expressed as gallic acid equivalents, and avoiding the degradation of phenolic compounds (ethanol 55%; extraction temperature 323.15 K, extraction time 30 min, liquid/solid ratio 20/1). A good relationship between total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity was obtained.

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