scholarly journals Denture base adaptation, retention, and mechanical properties of BioHPP versus nano-alumina-modified polyamide resins

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Radwa Mohsen Kamal Emera ◽  
Reham Mohammed Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Group I

Background. Continuous development of denture base materials has led to the introduction of innovative alternatives to polymethyl methacrylate. The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties, adaptation, and retention of alumina nanoparticles (Al2 O3 NPs) modified polyamide resin versus BioHPP (high-performance polymer) denture base materials. Methods. Four groups of specimens, one control (group I) (unmodified polyamide) and two groups (groups II and III) (2.5 and 5 wt% Al2 O3 NP-modified polyamide, respectively) versus BioHPP specimen group (group IV), were tested for surface microhardness and flexural strength. Complete dentures fabricated from 5 wt% Al2 O3 NP-modified polyamide resin and BioHPP were used to evaluate denture base adaptation and retention. Results. The higher concentration in the alumina NP-modified polyamide group (5 wt%) demonstrated significantly higher flexural strength values and insignificantly higher hardness values than the lower concentration (2.5 wt%). There was a significant increase in the BioHPP group in both flexural strength and surface hardness compared to all polyamide groups. A statistically insignificant difference was observed between the two denture base materials regarding mean misfit values of the calculated total tissue surface area and four of the total seven evaluated areas. Satisfactory and comparable retention values were observed for both denture base materials. Conclusion. BioHPP and Al2 O3 NP-modified polyamide resin could be used as a promising alternative denture base material with good adaptation, retention, and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals The Mechanical Properties of a Poly(methyl methacrylate) Denture Base Material Modified with Dimethyl Itaconate and Di-n-butyl Itaconate

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Spasojevic ◽  
Milorad Zrilic ◽  
Vesna Panic ◽  
Dragoslav Stamenkovic ◽  
Sanja Seslija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Wide Range

This study investigates a wide range of clinically relevant mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base materials modified with di-methyl itaconate (DMI) and di-n-butyl itaconate (DBI) in order to compare them to a commercial PMMA denture base material. The commercial denture base formulation was modified with DMI and DBI by replacing up to 10 wt% of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer. The specimens were prepared by standard bath curing process. The influence of the itaconate content on hardness, impact strength, tensile, and thermal and dynamic mechanical properties was investigated. It is found that the addition of di-n-alkyl itaconates gives homogenous blends that show decreased glass transition temperature, as well as decrease in storage modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and impact fracture resistance with increase in the itaconate content. The mean values of surface hardness show no significant change with the addition of itaconates. The magnitude of the measured values indicates that the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base material modified with itaconates could be developed into a less toxic, more environmentally and patient friendly product than commercial pure PMMA denture base material.

scholarly journals Effects of SiO2 Incorporation on the Flexural Properties of a Denture Base Resin: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara T. Alzayyat ◽  
Ghadah A. Almutiri ◽  
Jawhara K. Aljandan ◽  
Raneem M. Algarzai ◽  
Soban Q. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Base Resin ◽  
Denture Base Resin

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of low-silicon dioxide nanoparticles (nano-SiO2) on the flexural strength and elastic modulus of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base material. Materials and Methods A total of 50 rectangular acrylic specimens (65 × 10 × 2.5 mm3) were fabricated from heat-polymerized acrylic resin. In accordance with the amount of nano-SiO2, specimens were divided into the following five groups (n = 10 per group): a control group with no added SiO2, and four test groups modified with 0.05, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% nano-SiO2 of acrylic powder. Flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured by using a 3-point bending test with a universal testing machine. A scanning electron microscope was used for fracture surface analyses. Data analyses were conducted through analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Results Compared with the control group, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity tended to significantly increase (p ˂ 0.001) with the incorporation of nano-SiO2. In between the reinforced groups, the flexural strength significantly decreased (p ˂ 0.001) as the concentrations increased from 0.25 to 1.0%, with the 1.0% group showing the lowest value. Furthermore, the elastic modulus significantly increased (p ˂ 0.001) at 0.05% followed by 1.0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and least in control group. Conclusion A low nano-SiO2 addition increased the flexural strength and elastic modulus of a PMMA denture base resin.

scholarly journals Polytetrafluorethylene added to acrylic resins: mechanical properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Gouveia Straioto ◽  
Antonio Pedro Ricomini Filho ◽  
Alfredo Júlio Fernandes Neto ◽  
Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Acrylic Resins

The addition of different polymers, such as polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), to denture base resins could be an option to modify acrylic resin mechanical properties. This study evaluated the surface hardness, impact and flexural strength, flexural modulus and peak load of 2 acrylic resins, one subjected to a long and another subjected to a short polymerization cycle, which were prepared with or without the addition of 2% PTFE. Four groups were formed according to the polymerization cycle and addition or not of PTFE. Forty specimens were prepared for each test (10 per group) with the following dimensions: hardness (30 mm diameter x 5 mm thick), impact strength (50 x 6 x 4 mm) and flexural strength (64 x 10 x 3.3 mm) test. The results of the flexural strength test allowed calculating flexural modulus and peak of load values. All tests were performed in accordance with the ISO 1567:1999 standard. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test with the level of significance set at 5%. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found for surface hardness. Flexural strength, impact strength and peak load were significantly higher (p<0.05) for resins without added PTFE. The flexural modulus of the acrylic resin with incorporated 2% PTFE polymerized by long cycle was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the other resins. Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that the addition of PTFE did not improve the mechanical properties of the evaluated acrylic resins.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Reline Materials and Processing Methods on Flexural Strength of Denture Base Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Ozlem Gurbuz Oflezer ◽  
Hakan Bahadır ◽  
Senem Ünver ◽  
Ceyhan Oflezer
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Heat Cure ◽  
And Control

Summary Background/Aim: Relining is defined as the procedure used to resurface the tissue side of a denture with new base material, thus producing an accurate adaptation is provided at the denture foundation area. During mastication, relined dentures have to withstand masticatory forces to prevent fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of acrylic resin denture base relined with different methods and materials. Material and Methods: Fourteen experimental groups and one control group were determined to consider different reline materials and processing methods. Acrylic resin specimens were prepared with the dimensions of 65× 10× 1.5 mm and reline materials (1.5 mm thickness) were placed on acrylic resins. Reline material was not used in control group specimens. Flexural strength values of relined and control specimens were measured with three-point bending test at a speed of 5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with using one way Anova and Student t tests. Results: The highest flexural strength values were shown in control group (86.51±1.08 MPa). There were significant differences among relined specimens (p< 0.05). For the relined specimens, the highest flexural strength values were found in the relined specimens with denture base material (77.90±1.93 MPa), and the lowest values were found in relined with autopolymerize acrylic material (59.81±1.50 MPa). Conclusions: Relining of the heat cure denture base material significantly decreases the flexural strength for all processing methods and materials.

scholarly journals Comparison of Flexural Strength and Surface Hardness of Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin Reinforced with Silanised Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles- An In-vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeswari Pokuri ◽  
Durga Prasad Tadi ◽  
Sunil Tripuraneni ◽  
Hemchand Surapaneni ◽  
Sri Harsha Babu Vadapalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Aluminium Oxide ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles

Introduction: In complete denture fabrication, the common denture base material used is heat activated Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA). Considering various advantages, still there are some disadvantages like poor flexural strength and poor wear resistance. The flexural strength of any material reflects its potential to resist catastrophic fracture under a flexural load. Another property that influences the surface characteristics of acrylic resins is the surface hardness, which indicates the ease of finishing a material and its resistance to in-service scratching during cleaning procedures and exposure to various oral fluids. Thus an ideal denture base material should exhibit greater flexural strength and high surface hardness for the longevity of the dentures. Aim: To evaluate the effects of adding different percentages of silanised aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles on the flexural strength and surface hardness of a conventional heat-polymerised acrylic resin. Materials and Methods: The in-vitro experimental study was conducted between October 2020 to Janaury 2021 at Drs. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 120 samples were fabricated and were grouped into four groups coded A to D (n=30). Group A was the control group (without adding Al2O3). Specimens in the other three groups (B to D) were reinforced with silanised Al2O3 at loadings of 1%, 2.5% and 5% w/w. Flexural strength was assessed with a three-point bending test using a universal testing machine. Surface hardness test was conducted using a Vickers Hardness (VH) tester. Data was analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc test. Results: Among all the reinforced groups highest flexural strength value was seen in Group C- PMMA+2.5% w/w silanised aluminium oxide nanoparticles reinforced group (88.33 Mpa) and highest surface hardness value was seen in the Group D- PMMA+5% w/w silanised Aluminium oxide nanoparticles reinforced group (29.44 VH). Conclusion: Reinforcement of the conventional heat cured acrylic resin with 2.5% w/w silanised Al2O3 nanoparticles significantly increased its flexural strength and hardness.

scholarly journals Investigating the Mechanical Properties of ZrO2-Impregnated PMMA Nanocomposite for Denture-Based Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Zidan ◽  
Nikolaos Silikas ◽  
Abdulaziz Alhotan ◽  
Julfikar Haider ◽  
Julian Yates
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Zro2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean

Acrylic resin PMMA (poly-methyl methacrylate) is used in the manufacture of denture bases but its mechanical properties can be deficient in this role. This study investigated the mechanical properties (flexural strength, fracture toughness, impact strength, and hardness) and fracture behavior of a commercial, high impact (HI), heat-cured denture base acrylic resin impregnated with different concentrations of yttria-stabilized zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles. Six groups were prepared having different wt% concentrations of ZrO2 nanoparticles: 0% (control), 1.5%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%, respectively. Flexural strength and flexural modulus were measured using a three-point bending test and surface hardness was evaluated using the Vickers hardness test. Fracture toughness and impact strength were evaluated using a single edge bending test and Charpy impact instrument. The fractured surfaces of impact test specimens were also observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Statistical analyses were conducted on the data obtained from the experiments. The mean flexural strength of ZrO2/PMMA nanocomposites (84 ± 6 MPa) at 3 wt% zirconia was significantly greater than that of the control group (72 ± 9 MPa) (p < 0.05). The mean flexural modulus was also significantly improved with different concentrations of zirconia when compared to the control group, with 5 wt% zirconia demonstrating the largest (23%) improvement. The mean fracture toughness increased in the group containing 5 wt% zirconia compared to the control group, but it was not significant. However, the median impact strength for all groups containing zirconia generally decreased when compared to the control group. Vickers hardness (HV) values significantly increased with an increase in ZrO2 content, with the highest values obtained at 10 wt%, at 0 day (22.9 HV0.05) in dry conditions when compared to the values obtained after immersing the specimens for seven days (18.4 HV0.05) and 45 days (16.3 HV0.05) in distilled water. Incorporation of ZrO2 nanoparticles into high impact PMMA resin significantly improved flexural strength, flexural modulus, fracture toughness and surface hardness, with an optimum concentration of 3–5 wt% zirconia. However, the impact strength of the nanocomposites decreased, apart from the 5 wt% zirconia group.

scholarly journals Reinforcement of PMMA Denture Base Material with a Mixture of ZrO2Nanoparticles and Glass Fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Gad ◽  
Ahmad M. Al-Thobity ◽  
Ahmed Rahoma ◽  
Reem Abualsaud ◽  
Fahad A. Al-Harbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
The Impact

This study is aimed at evaluating the hybrid reinforcement effects of zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZrO2) and glass fibers (GFs) at different ratios on the flexural and impact strengths of a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base. A total of 160 specimens were fabricated from heat-polymerized acrylic resins using the water bath technique. For the control group, the specimens did not receive any additions; for the test group, different concentrations of nano-ZrO2/GFs at 5% of the PMMA polymer were added. The concentrations of nano-ZrO2/GFs were as follows: 5%–0%, 4%–1%, 3%–2%, 2.5%–2.5%, 2%–3%, 1%–4%, and 0%–5%. The flexural strength was measured using the three-point bending test. The impact strength was measured using the Charpy impact test. Results were tabulated and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison test (p≤0.05). The flexural and impact strengths of PMMA-nano-ZrO2 + GF composites were significantly improved when compared with those of pure PMMA (p<0.05). The maximum flexural strength (94.05 ± 6.95 MPa) and impact strength (3.89 ± 0.46 kJ/m2) were obtained with PMMA (2.5%)/nano-ZrO2 + 2.5% GF mixtures and could be used for removable prosthesis fabrication.

scholarly journals Novel Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Containing Nanodiamond to Improve the Mechanical Properties and Fungal Resistance

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Mangal ◽  
Ji-Yeong Kim ◽  
Ji-Young Seo ◽  
Jae-Sung Kwon ◽  
Sung-Hwan Choi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Fungal Adhesion

Herein we evaluate the effect of nanodiamond (ND) incorporation on the mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposite. Three quantities of ND (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt.%) were tested against the control and zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO). Flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured using a three-point bending test, surface hardness was evaluated using the Vickers hardness test, and surface roughness was evaluated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), while fungal adhesion and viability were studied using Candida albicans. Samples were also analyzed for biofilm thickness and biomass in a saliva-derived biofilm model. All groups of ND-PMMA nanocomposites had significantly greater mean flexural strengths and statistically improved elastic modulus, compared to the control and ZrO groups (P < 0.001). The Vickers hardness values significantly increased compared to the control group (P < 0.001) with 0.3% and 0.5% ND. ND addition also gave significant reduction in fungal adhesion and viability (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Finally, salivary biofilm formation was markedly reduced compared to the ZrO group. Hence, the incorporation of 0.1–0.5 wt.% ND with auto- polymerized PMMA resin significantly improved the flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness, and provided considerable fungal resistance.

Effects of Non-Silanized and Silanized Glass Particles on the Physical Properties on Denture Base Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 493-494 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
O. Oral ◽  
L.V.J. Lassila ◽  
O. Kumbuloglu ◽  
A. User ◽  
P.K. Vallittu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of silanization of the glass on denture base materials and to evaluate different types of glasses. A total of 136 Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (Palapress – Heraeus Kulzer) blocks were prepared in dimensions of 65mm x 10mm x 3mm. PMMA blocks were modified by different ratios of non-silanized and silanized Bioactive Glass Granules (BAG) (Vivoxid) and Inert Glass Granules (IG) (Vivoxid). The blocks were polished under water cooling and divided into 17 groups. (Group 1) No glass (control), (Group 2-5) 3-6-9-12% non-silanized BAG, (Group 6-9) 3-6-9-12% silanized BAG, (Group 10-13) 3-6-9-12% non-silanized IG, (Group 14-17) 3-6-9-12% silanized IG. The specimens were stored in distilled water and weighed (Mettler, Toledo) in days of 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 30, 45, 60. After water sorption test, the specimens were dried under 80°C and weighed in days of 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 for calculating the solubility values. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc comparisons (Dunnett T3, p<0.05). Water sorption and solubility values were significantly affected by the type and silanizaion of the glass (p<0.05). The highest water sorption value was observed in 12% silanized IG group (1,83±0,04%), whereas the lowest sorption values were recorded with 12% non-silanized BAG group (1,21±0,07%). Contrarily, The highest solubility value was observed in 12% non-silanized BAG group (0,98±0,03%), whereas the lowest solubility values were recorded with 12% non-silanized BAG group (0,34±0,03%). Water sorption and solubility values were affected by the type and silanization of the glass. Silanization improved the physical properties of the glass as well as the properties of the denture base material.

scholarly journals Flexural Strength and Hardness of Filler-Reinforced PMMA Targeted for Denture Base Application

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2659
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alhotan ◽  
Julian Yates ◽  
Saleh Zidan ◽  
Julfikar Haider ◽  
Nikolaos Silikas
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Zro2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Filler Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Pmma Resin

The aim of this work was to evaluate the flexural strength and surface hardness of heat-cured Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) modified by the addition of ZrO2 nanoparticles, TiO2 nanoparticles, and E-glass fibre at different wt.% concentrations. Specimens were fabricated and separated into four groups (n = 10) to measure both flexural strength and surface hardness. Group C was the control group. The specimens in the remaining three groups differed according to the ratio of filler to weight of PMMA resin (1.5%, 3%, 5%, and 7%). A three-point bending test was performed to determine the flexural strength, while the surface hardness was measured using the Vickers hardness. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was employed to observe the fractured surface of the specimens. The flexural strength was significantly improved in the groups filled with 3 wt.% ZrO2 and 5 and 7 wt.% E-glass fibre in comparison to Group C. All the groups displayed a significantly higher surface hardness than Group C, with the exception of the 1.5% TiO2 and 1.5% ZrO2 groups. The optimal filler concentrations to enhance the flexural strength of PMMA resin were between 3–5% ZrO2, 1.5% TiO2, and 3–7% E-glass fibre. Furthermore, for all composites, a filler concentration of 3 wt.% and above would significantly improve hardness.

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