scholarly journals Features of the Mineralogical Society in Russia in the pre-revolutionary period

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Rukoleyev
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Revolutionary Period ◽  
Mineralogical Society

This article presents the conditional periodisation of the stages of the St. Petersburg Mineralogical Society. The object of the research is its activity from 1817-1917. This article deals with issues of the daily and scientifi c activities of the Society. We provide state fi nancial support of Mineralogical Society. The quantitative results of various areas of research in the fi eld of mineralogy, geology and other related sciences are presented. The data of research and experiments of the members of the Mineralogical Society are given. The basic mechanisms of cooperation between the state and the scientifi c community are consecrated. The conclusion is made about the special role of this society in the regulation of scientifi c relations in Russia and abroad. The vigorous activity of the scientifi c society on the versatile research of Russia allowed the state to conduct scientifi c research on new territories, to unite Russian scientists leading the study of minerals, rocks and minerals, to activate public interest in science.

scholarly journals The Work of the Central Statistical Committee in 1917-1918

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Cherepenina ◽  
A. L. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The activity of state statistics throughout the revolutionary period of 1917 is uncharted territory in the history of Russian statistics. Using documents from the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the authors examined for the first time the last year of the Central Statistical Committee. Unlike other state structures of the previous government, it was not dissolved after the events of October 1917 and continued to operate after the Soviet government moved to Moscow. The article contains information on the first «Soviet» Head of the Central Statistical Committee of the Commissariat of Internal Affairs V.A. Algasov and outlines the work of Professor M.A. Sirinov, who was offered a position of the Head of the Central Statistical Committee by the People’s Commissar of Internal Affairs G.I. Petrovsky. Archive records helped establish the fact that both the authorities of the Central Statistical Committee and some statisticians came up with an idea of founding a new statistical service based on the Central Statistical Committee and gubernia (provincial) statistics. The authors revealed the role of V.V. Stepanov in relocating the Library of the Central Statistical Committee to Moscow. The article describes the clash of opinions that preceded the establishment of the Soviet state statistics, to be specific the inauguration of the RSFSR Central Statistical Board, which was envisaged to be an independent body, not subordinate to any agency, to ensure the independence of the country’s statistical service. 

scholarly journals Axiology of Judicial Application of Enforcement Law: View on the Bailiff’s Discretion

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Piotr Szczekocki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Clause ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Function

<p class="Standard">In the article, the author focused on three theoretical and philosophical issues of the judicial enforcement law in Poland, connected with the new enforcement acts which entered into force on 1 January 2019. First, the judicial enforcement proceedings were presented as an element of the law application process. The axiological dimension of this law, the place and function of a court bailiff in the law application process and the introduction of general clauses, combined with the basic values of the court enforcement law in the form of efficiency, effectiveness and reliability, form the new picture of the judicial enforcement law. Secondly, the problem of a general clause as a “carrier” of extralegal criteria was discussed, which takes an important place in the process of enforcement law application in the new bailiff’s law. There is the special role of the “public interest” and the “interest of justice” clauses as normative constructions introduced by the legislator to judicial enforcement. Thirdly, an attempt was made to answer the question about the presence and possible limits of discretion (free decision-making) of a court bailiff in the surrounding of the new axiology of enforcement law, and especially the formulation of this issue in the process of operative interpretation of law by a court bailiff.</p>

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF SOVEREIGNTY IN THE MACROHISTORICAL POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
World System ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Political Theories ◽  
Modern Era

The article analyzes the macrohistorical perspective of the study of sovereignty in the framework of political theory represented by a world-system analysis, the war-taxation theory of the state and political Marxism. The relevance of the approach proposed by macro-political theories for studying the current state of sovereignty is considered. The theoretical prerequisites for the formation of these theories are investigated, which were caused by the search for fundamentally new approaches in the 1970s. in analysis of modern political and state institutions, attention is focused on the influence of the creative heritage of M. Weber in the process of conceptualization of macrohistorical political theories. The basic theoretical approaches of world-system analysis (I. Wallerstein, J. Arrigi), the war-taxation theory of the state (Ch. Tilly, W. McNeill, M. Mann) and political Marxism (R. Brenner, P. Anderson, B. Teschke) to the process of formation and development of states during the Modern era are analyzed. In this article the problem of sovereignty is examined through an analysis of the prerequisites for the formation of basic state institutions in a historical perspective, which is the main approach of macrohistorical political theories. It is revealed that, despite the differences in approaches, the world-system analysis and the war-taxation theory of the state can be compared as the external and internal contours of the sovereignty problems in the historical process of the formation and development of European states during the Modern era, special attention is paid to the role of economically determined social transformations of Modern era in the framework of the theoretical approach that is offered by political Marxism. The similarities are noted in the approaches of the analyzed theories to the process of formation of modern type of states, which are specified in the following positions: modern type of states as a unique phenomenon in Western Europe, the special role of capitalism in the process of socio-political and economic transformations of Modern era, a successful configuration of factors in the historical process that led to the emergence nation state, achieving a balance between the interests of diverse groups, structural socio-political and economic changes as a response to external and internal challenges, the interdisciplinary nature of theories.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE COURT IN OPTIMIZING INTERACTION BETWEEN THE STATE AND CIVIL SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Pavel Solyanko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
State Actors

the article substantiates that courts play a special role in optimizing the interaction between the state and civil society. In the framework of administrative and constitutional proceedings, courts resolve public-law disputes between state bodies (officials) and non-state actors, thereby eliminating the risk of confrontation between them, which simultaneously reduces the effectiveness of public administration and the effectiveness of civil society institutions.

scholarly journals Hak Masyarakat Hukum Adat Dalam Pelaksanaan Pengadaan Tanah Ulayat Bagi Pembangunan Untuk Kepentingan Umum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Nissa Hilal Liani ◽  
Atik Winanti
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government

AbstractLand is a natural wealth that is very important for humans and has an important function in development. In carrying out activities carried out by the government, namely land acquisition for the public interest, which has the aim of building public facilities for the benefit of the community. In carrying out land acquisition, ulayat land is often the target for alleged land acquisition. However, using ulayat land for land acquisition often creates problems. The purpose of this paper is to determine the control of indigenous peoples' rights in land acquisition and to determine the role of the state in providing compensation for land acquisition for development in the public interest. The research method used is juridical normative using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The result of this research is that the rights of customary law communities have been regulated constitutionally by the State, and the role of indigenous peoples is regulated in Law no. 71/2012. However, the fact is that during the land acquisition process, customary law communities are often not involved, the government should provide legal certainty and protection to the customary law community so that these problems do not harm the customary law community.Keyword: Land Procurement, Customary Law Communities, Customary Land. AbstrakTanah merupakan kekayaan alam yang sangat penting bagi manusia dan memiliki fungsi yang penting dalam pembangunan. Dalam melakukan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah yaitu pengadaan tanah bagi kepentingan umum, yang mana memiliki tujuan untuk membangun fasilittas umum agar bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Dalam melakukan pengadaan tanah, seringkali tanah ulayat dijadikan sasaran untuk diduganakan pengadaan tanah. Namun, dalam menggunakan tanah ulayat untuk pengadaan tanah tersebut seringkali menimbulkan masalah. Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk mengetahui pengantutan mengenai hak-hak masyarakat adat dalam pengadaan tanah dan untuk mengetahui peran negara dalam pemberian ganti kerugian pada pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normative dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa hak masyarakat hukum adat telah diatur secara konstitutional oleh Negara, serta peran masyarakat hukum adat diatur didalam UU No. 71/2012. Namun pada faktanya saat proses pengadaan tanah, masyarakat hukum adat seringkali tidak dilibatkan, seharusnya pemerintah dalam pengadaan tanah memberikan kepastian serta perlindnungan hukum kepada masyarakat hukum adat agar permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut tidak merugikan masyarakat hukum adat.Kata Kunci: Pengadaan Tanah, Masyarakat adat, Tanah Ulayat

scholarly journals Karykatura jako narzędzie polityki państwa

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
Ksenia Kakarenko
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
International Policy ◽  
History Of

Satire in all countries is protected as a manifestation of public mood and for this reason it is not subject to criminal liability. Caricature is a specific kind of satirical art. During an analysis of the history of the USSR and Poland, one can highlight the special role of caricature in the implementation of a state’s international policy. It served as an instrument of reaching the least educated social strata with state propaganda. It is also worth noting that caricature played a smaller or a larger part for the state at different periods of history.

scholarly journals Peran Negara dalam Perlindungan Konsumen Muslim di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
Mabarroh Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Republic

This article aims to describe the state’s role in guaranteeing and protecting Muslim consumers in Indonesia to obtain halal products. This article is a normative legal research which is conducted by exploring principles and norms. The conclusion of this article is that the role of the state in protecting Muslim consumers from prohibited products can be seen from two perspectives, namely the Islamic perspective and the Indonesian constitution perspective. From an Islamic perspective, this protection is obligatory, as well as in the perspective of the Indonesian constitution that the role of the state in facilitating Muslim consumers in obtaining halal products has been described in Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia which is a justification of the state's role in ensuring the protection of Muslim consumers from products that are forbidden. This is a public interest to create a welfare state.

Disciplinary practices in the French auditing profession

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Lesage ◽  
Geraldine Hottegindre ◽  
Charles Richard Baker
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Anglo American

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to understand the role of the statutory auditing profession in France. The study is theoretically based on distinctions between a functionalist view of professions and a neo-weberian view. Prior research, conducted in Anglo-American countries has shown that the auditing profession has focussed primarily on protecting the private interests of the profession. Hence, there is a need to conduct research on this topic in a code law country where the state is expected to play a significant role in protecting the public interest. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology involves a content analysis of 148 disciplinary decisions issued against statutory auditors in France from 1989 to 2006. This analysis identified 21 types of violations grouped into public interest or private interest offences. Because visible offences are public and are more likely to threaten the reputation of the profession, these types of decisions are also studied with respect to their visibility. Findings – The results reveal that in a code law country such as France the auditing profession tends to defend both the public interest as well as its private interests. The results also support the “visibility” effect. Research limitations/implications – The written disciplinary decisions have been anonymized so that the names of the auditors and the clients cannot be identified. Originality/value – This paper differs from previous studies conducted in the Anglo-American context which show an emphasis on protecting the private interests of the auditing profession. Moreover, this study reveals the existence of “mixed” offences and underlines that a profession primarily focusses on these cases. Thus, the work reconciles in part the functionalist and neo-weberian perspectives. Lastly, this paper confirms the importance of the visibility effect.

Vladimir Mayakovsky — the founder of the first social advertising aimed at preserving the health of the population

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Ivanovich Neplokhov ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Neplokhov ◽  
Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Kryazhev
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
The State ◽  
Vladimir Mayakovsky ◽  
Social Advertising ◽  
Propaganda Posters ◽  
Revolutionary Period ◽  
Innovative Techniques

The purpose of this work is to analyze the creativity of V.V. Mayakovsky and an assessment of his contribution to health education of the population, disease prevention, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle in connection with the celebration of the approaching 100th anniversary of the formation of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of Russia, and the 130th anniversary of the poet’s birth. The article presents the work of Mayakovsky in the «Windows of satire ROSTA» and «Windows» of the Glavpolitprosvet, shows the conditions and organization of work on the production of propaganda posters, ways to increase the effectiveness of propaganda, the introduction of innovative techniques; the contribution of the poet to the campaigning and propaganda of sanitary and hygienic knowledge, the prevention of mass infectious diseases among the population, and the eradication of bad habits was assessed. The huge contribution to V.V. Mayakovsky in the formation of the state system for sanitary and epidemiological education and the formation of a healthy lifestyle for the population. The main hygienic and epidemiological problems of the post-revolutionary period are highlighted. The role of V.V. Mayakovsky as the founder of the first Soviet social advertising aimed at preserving the health of the population.

scholarly journals Konsep Asnaf Penerima Zakat Menurut Pemikiran Yusuf Al-Qardawi dan Wahbah Al-Zuhayli

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Intan Sherly Monica ◽  
Atik Abidah
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Way

Abstract: This article discusses the Asnaf zakat according to contemporary scholars, namely Yusuf Al-Qardawi and Wahbah Al-Zuhayli. This work aims to explain the similarities and differences in the thoughts of the two figures regarding asnaf zakat. The method used is library research by examining the books of the two figures, namely Fiqhuz Zakat and Islamic Fiqh wa Adilatuhu. It can be concluded that the thoughts of Yusuf Al-Qardawi and Wahbah Al Zuhayli on the eight groups of zakat recipients are not much different. It's just that there is a slight difference that is most significant in the fi sabilillah group where Yusuf Al Qardawi argues that this group is extended to the meaning of fighting in the way of Allah such as charity for the public interest, this is in accordance with the opinion of some scholars who expand the meaning of fi sabilillah. Meanwhile, according to Wahbah Al-Zuhayli the meaning of fi sabilillah is soldiers who fight but are not paid by the state, this is in accordance with Q.S ash-Shaff: 4. And from their opinion, Yu>suf Al Qard{awi's thoughts are the most relevant to the condition of the Indonesian state. The istinbath method used by the two figures is dominant in ijma'. And what influenced his thinking the most was the role of the teacher and the social conditions of the two figures.

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