scholarly journals Results of Application of Clinpro White Varnish® and Tooth Mousse® during the Enamel Mineral Maturation and its Focal Demineralization

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Marina Mitush Markaryan ◽  
Izabella Frunze Vardanyan ◽  
Mikayel Ervand Manrikyan ◽  
Gayane Ervand Manrikyan
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Colorimetric Test ◽  
Treatment Provision ◽  
Final Maturation ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Tooth Mousse

According to some authors, the final maturation of tooth enamel occurs in 1- 2 years after eruption, and then for 2-3 years this process continues in just the fissure area. Full-fledged mineralization during this period is carried out due to the absorption of minerals from saliva, especially in respect to fluorine, calcium and phosphorus ions. As a result of the course of prophylactic treatment with Clin Pro White Varnish® and Tooth Mooth®, an activation of remineralization process was observed ended with the stabilization of the process or complete remineralization in the junior (6-7 years old) and the middle school group children (12-13 years old), which was confirmed by the obtained indices of the "DiagnodentKaVo" laser fluorometry test and the colorimetric test. The use of these preparations is a convenient and effective method in these age groups of children during the preventive treatment provision.

MORAL SKILLS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-390
Author(s):  
Sarunas Sniras ◽  
Romualdas Malinauskas
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Middle Schools ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Random Selection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Research Results

Data which would reveal the importance and level of moral skills of schoolchildren are still lacking. This research investigated children in 2 age groups and was based on the Moral Skills Inventory (Bakutyte, 1999). For the present study, this inventory was adapted after carrying out a pilot study at one middle school in Kaunas, Lithuania. Subjects were chosen by a random selection method in the Lithuanian middle schools of Kaunas, Klaipeda and Vilnius. Schoolchildren were questionned in the age groups 10 to 12 (258) and 13 to 15 (294) respectively. Our research results prove that schoolchildren aged from 13 to 15 try very hard to be sensitive towards others: and are trying much harder to console to a statiscally significant extent (p<.05) in comparison to the 10 to 12 age group.

EFFICACY OF HYPONATE-BPO DURING PREVENTIVE TREATMENT OF PREMISES FOR QUAIL KEEPING

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
M. P. Butko ◽  
◽  
P. A. Popov ◽  
D. A. Onishchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Poultry Farming

The article provides an overview of the drugs used for disinfection in poultry farming (perepelovodstve) and the results of using Hyponate-BPO for the prophylactic treatment of premises and cells intended for quail maintenance.

scholarly journals Serum calcium and phosphorus concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity in healthy children during growth and development

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Savic ◽  
Dejan Savic
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Introduction. Many changes happen during growth and development in an organism as a result of important hormone changes, especially biohumoral ones. These changes make a problem when interpreting biochemical results in pediatric population. The most important changes are intensive calcium and phosphorus metabolic turnover in bone tissue with changes in alkaline phosphatase activity as a result of osteoblast activity. The aim of this study was to follow the serum calcium and phosphorus concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity in children 1-15 years old in different growth and development period and of different sexes and to fortify the influence of growth and development dynamics on biohumoral status in healthy male and female children. Material and methods. We evaluated 117 healthy children of both sexes from 1-15 years of age and divided them into three age groups: 1-5, 6-10 and 11-15 years. We followed the serum calcium and phosphorus concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity in different groups and in different sexes. Results and conclusion. Our investigation found significantly higher values of serum calcium in boys than in girls with no important changes between the age groups and significantly higher values of serum phosphorus in the youngest age group in all children and in different sexes with no important sex differences. Alkaline phosphatase activity followed the growth spurt and was the biggest in 6-10 years group in girls and in 11-15 years group in boys.

Neuromodulators and its combinations for the preventive treatment of migraine

2011 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Abouch Valenty Krymchantowski ◽  
Carla da Cunha Jevoux
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Brain State ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
The Brain ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Neurotransmitter Metabolism

Migraine is a chronic, debilitating neurological disorder. It affects nearly 15% of the adult population and it is characterized by a range of symptom profiles and degrees of disability. It is a disease generally believed to occur in consequence of a genetically hyper excitable brain state, in addition to a neurotransmitter dysfunction which results in susceptibility to the occurrence of intermittent attacks of headache with particular associated features. Pharmacotherapy remains the mainstay for the prevention of the attacks and despite the use of different classes of drugs, some older than 30 years and used by serendipity, some neuromodulators represent the most modern option and the better studied drugs for the prophylactic treatment of migraine. Supposedly acting by targeting one or more molecular sites in the brain, these drugs alter neurotransmission through effects on ion channels, on specific receptors and on neurotransmitter metabolism. Neuromodulators are considered the state of art in migraine therapeutic and its combination may represent an upcoming option for patients not responding well or presenting limiting tolerability issues with full-dose monotherapy. In this review, we explore the specificities of the different drugs belonging to this pharmacological class, the evidence available for its use in migraine as well as the fundamentals and potential for new approaches combining two neuromodulators, even in lower doses.

scholarly journals Epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations, and prevention of pediatric tuberculosis from the perspective of the End TB Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho ◽  
Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso ◽  
Terezinha Miceli Martire ◽  
Giovanni Battista Migliori ◽  
Clemax Couto Sant’Anna
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Pediatric Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority in many countries. In 2015, tuberculosis killed 1.4 million people, including 210,000 children. Despite the recent progress made in the control of tuberculosis in Brazil, it is still one of the countries with the highest tuberculosis burdens. In 2015, there were 69,000 reported cases of tuberculosis in Brazil and tuberculosis was the cause of 4,500 deaths in the country. In 2014, the World Health Organization approved the End TB Strategy, which set a target date of 2035 for meeting its goals of reducing the tuberculosis incidence by 90% and reducing the number of tuberculosis deaths by 95%. However, to achieve those goals in Brazil, there is a need for collaboration among the various sectors involved in tuberculosis control and for the prioritization of activities, including control measures targeting the most vulnerable populations. Children are highly vulnerable to tuberculosis, and there are particularities specific to pediatric patients regarding tuberculosis development (rapid progression from infection to active disease), prevention (low effectiveness of vaccination against the pulmonary forms and limited availability of preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection), diagnosis (a low rate of bacteriologically confirmed diagnosis), and treatment (poor availability of child-friendly anti-tuberculosis drugs). In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and prevention of tuberculosis in childhood and adolescence, highlighting the peculiarities of active and latent tuberculosis in those age groups, in order to prompt reflection on new approaches to the management of pediatric tuberculosis within the framework of the End TB Strategy.

scholarly journals STUDY OF REMINERALIZING ACTIVITY OF DOSAGE FORMS FOR TREATMENT OF INITIAL ENAMEL CARIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
A. L. Golovanenko ◽  
E. V. Tretyakova ◽  
E. S. Patlusova ◽  
I. V. Alekseeva ◽  
E. S. Berezina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Enamel Structure ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

One of the most promising areas of dental caries prophylaxis is remineralizing therapy aimed at normalizing the mineral composition of tooth enamel. As a result of a set of scientific, experimental and clinical studies, gels and drug films for the treatment of enamel caries have been developed.The aimof this work is to study remineralizing activity of dosage forms for the treatment of initial enamel caries.Materials and methods.As active pharmaceutical substances in dosage forms, calcium chloride (FS 42-0006-5675-04 P.003964.01), potassium phosphate disubstituted (FS 42-1297-79), sodium fluoride (PS.2.2.0013.15), auxiliary substances – gelling agent sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (sodium-CMC) C75 (TU 6-55-39-90), plasticizer glycerin (PS.2.2.0006.15), purified water (PS.2.2.0020.15) – have been used. Remineralizing activity was studied by the method of determination of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel ash in vitro. The study of remineralizing activity was carried out by the method of determination of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel ash in vitro. Quantitative determination of calcium was carried out by reverse complexometric titration, and the one of phosphorus was carried out by photoelectrocolorimetry. The electro-metric study of the enamel electrical conductivity was also carried out in vivo with the help of the Dentest device (Geosoft).Results and discussion. The method of determination of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel ash in vitro is based on tooth ashing and the subsequent determination of calcium and phosphorus in it by chemical and instrumental methods. Basing on the results obtained, it has been established that gel and drug films used for enamel caries treatment significantly increase the content of calcium and phosphorus in tooth enamel. The conducted electrometric study confirmed the increase in the hardness of the enamel structure due to its remineralization after the use of drug films.Conclusion. As a result of the studies conducted in vivo and in vitro, it has been established that the developed dosage forms have a remineralizing effect and can be recommended for increasing the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of the initial enamel caries.

scholarly journals Latent tuberculosis infection among contacts of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in New South Wales, Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 00149-2021
Author(s):  
Vicky Chang ◽  
Raphael Hongxi Ling ◽  
Kavindhran Velen ◽  
Greg J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Mdr Tb

BackgroundContacts of an individual with active tuberculosis (TB) disease, have a higher risk of developing latent TB infection (LTBI) or active TB disease. Contact tracing is a public health measure that seeks to identify exposed contacts, screen them for co-prevalent TB, and consider prophylactic treatment to prevent progression from LTBI to active TB disease. The investigators sought to determine the prevalence of LTBI and active TB disease amongst MDR-TB contacts in New South Wales (NSW).MethodologyA retrospective cohort study was performed among the contacts of patients diagnosed with MDR-TB between 2000 and 2016, inclusive, at seven chest clinics. Medical records were used to identify eligible contacts. Outcomes of screening and prophylactic treatment regimens offered to MDR-TB contacts with LTBI were characterised. Collected data included demographic information, screening tests results, and initial management.ResultsA total of 247 MDR-TB contacts of 55 MDR-TB patients were identified. LTBI was identified in 105 (42.5%) contacts. Preventive treatment was received by 20 (32.3%) contacts with LTBI, in the form of various regimens, ranging from one to three antimicrobials, with various doses and durations. One contacts with LTBI, untreated, were noted to have progressed to active TB disease during the study period, according to clinic notes.ConclusionContacts of MDR-TB have a high prevalence of LTBI. Management of these contacts varies substantially in NSW, reflecting a lack of definitive evidence for preventive therapy. Further research is required to determine the optimal management of this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of COVID-19 in Adolescents and Youth Compared with Older Adults in States Experiencing Surges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara T. Rumain ◽  
Moshe Schneiderman ◽  
Allan Geliebter
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Population Demographics ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
Near Future

AbstractPURPOSEThere has been considerable controversy regarding susceptibility of adolescents (10-19 years) and youth (15-24 years) to COVID-19. However, a number of studies have reported that adolescents are significantly less susceptible than older adults. Summer 2020 provided an opportunity to examine data on prevalence since after months of lockdowns, with the easing of restrictions, people were mingling, leading to surges in cases.METHODSWe examined data from six U.S. states experiencing surges in the number of cases to determine prevalence of COVID-19, and two other measures, related to prevalence in adolescents and youth as compared to older adults. The two other measures were: (Percentage of cases observed in a given age group) ÷ (percentage of cases expected based on population demographics); and percentage deviation, or [(% observed - % expected)/ % expected] x 100.RESULTSPrevalence of COVID-19 for adolescents and for youth was significantly greater than for older adults (p<.00001), as was percentage observed ÷ percentage expected (p<.005). The percentage deviation was significantly greater in adolescents/youth than in older adults (p < 0.00001) when there was an excess of observed cases over what was expected, and significantly less when observed cases were fewer than expected (p< 0.00001).CONCLUSIONSOur results are contrary to previous findings that adolescents are less susceptible than older adults. The findings have implications for school re-openings. The age groups 10-19 and 15-24 are students in middle school, high school, college, and the first two years of professional/graduate school. The high prevalence in these age groups would argue against school re-openings in the near future.

scholarly journals Bullying: University Students Bring a Moral Perspective to Middle School Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
May A. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Moral Perspective ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Ethics Course

The prevalence of bullying and cyber-bullying in younger age groups has led to the inclusion of bullying in school-level curricula to address the seriousness of this issue and the prevention of these types of behavior. Higher education in its philosophy curricula can play a significant role in this regard as well. Proposed in this paper is an undergraduate ethics course Bullying and Moral Responsibility in which bullying is addressed from a moral perspective. This course has an academic-service learning component whereby this moral perspective is introduced to middle school students by university students. Peer learning of this sort might be of assistance in anti-bullying efforts.

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