Echoing the Call for Multimodal Representation

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Renner
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Visual Composition ◽  
Active Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

The editor’s introduction to the Visual Anthropology Review, Vol. 32, Issue 2, from fall 2016 emphasizes the necessity of anthropology to engage in multimodal methodologies of research and research communication. An expanded view of visual anthropology, and its methodological and analytical contributions to current debates, recognizes and builds on the field’s commitment to a reflexive awareness of the social relationships at stake in the process of making images and an engagement with the politics of representation. It also encompasses an active approach toward learning to see how others see, how technologies of imaging picture the world, and a serious consideration of the technical capacities necessary for communicating ethnographic knowledge through visual composition, editing, and design. (Chio & Cox, 2016, pp. 101–102) The claim that the reflection on images has been neglected compared to the reflection on language, echoing in the introduction of Chio and Cox (216), has been made in the context of the iconic turn in the mid-1990s. In reference to the linguistic turn in philosophy coined by Richard Rorty (1967) in philosophy, art historian Gottfried Boehm (1994, pp. 11–38) described the iconic turn, and Thomas W. Mitchell (1995, pp. 11–34) used the term pictorial turn, observing a significant shift toward communication by images. Both recognized the increasing power of images in society through the digital means of communication, which enables everyone to easily create and disseminate images. Both were aware of the lack of reflection on the meaning of images in Western thought.

scholarly journals Social Criticism on Works of Contemporary Women Story Writers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

Goldmann's genetic structuralism approach is one of the literary critique approaches and believes that the literary text are derived from the ideology governing the classes of society, and focuses on study of stories and their structures to know the social structures. A review of the changes made in the themes and subjects of the works of the Iranian story writers that most of them are from the middle class of society, indicates the growth of awareness and understanding of Iranian women about their identity and individuality and the achievement of conditions beyond what they are. Although in popular stories, most Iranian female storytellers are still interested in the reproduction of traditional gender stereotypes, but female storywriters in the field of transcendental literature have entered the changes made in their cognitive realm to the actions of characters of their stories. This reveals that they seek to understand their own self and place in the world around them. Love and loneliness resulted by the confrontation between men and women are a common theme in these works that have been narrated on the various issues arising from the family and social relationships of women.

Dislocation as method

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
David MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Questions

Research in the sciences, including the social sciences, is usually supposed to be conducted in a systematic way, working from research questions to the gathering of empirical data, to conclusions. But in an analogy drawn from the art of fencing, the author argues for an alternative approach in visual anthropology. Films look at the world differently from the ways we conventionally see, and these differences have optical, social, and structural origins. To overcome these differences, filmmakers may have to voluntarily ‘dislocate’ themselves in order to put themselves in a position to view their subject from a different perspective, and so uncover new knowledge. The argument is supported by a discussion of the realities of ethnographic fieldwork, the processes of filmmaking, and the role of play and improvisation in the arts and other human endeavours.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 271-284
Author(s):  
Ken Hirschkop
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
The Social ◽  
Second World

The conclusion examines the situation after the Second World War. It shows how the linguistic turn in analytic philosophy ended and how the social democratic settlement in Western Europe gave birth to the new linguistic turns known as structuralism. The author explores the former by examining the career of Richard Rorty and the latter by looking at how Roland Barthes combines ideas from Saussure with a project for a radical analysis of French everyday life in the Mythologies. The book concludes with a review of how the various linguistic turns overinvested in the idea of language.

The Social Dimensions of Ritual Violence

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Saul M. Olyan
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ritual Violence ◽  
The World

This chapter discusses the various ways in which violent rites might have an impact on the shaping of social relationships in the world of the biblical text. The author’s primary interest in this chapter is to illuminate how ritual violence might function to terminate, perpetuate, and even create connections between individuals, groups, or polities. Texts examined include 1 Sam 22:12–19, the story of Saul’s mercenary Doeg the Edomite’s execution of the priests of Nob; 2 Sam 10:1–5, the Ammonites’ public humiliation of David’s embassy of comforters; 2 Sam 16:5–13, the cursing, stoning, and dirt casting of Shimi the Benjaminite as David flees Jerusalem before Absalom’s army; 2 Sam 20:1–22, the execution of the rebel Sheba ben Bikri by the inhabitants of Abel Bet Maacah; and Neh 13:25, the account of Nehemiah’s violent, coercive rites targeting his intermarried opponents.

scholarly journals Civility and diplomacy: Trust and dissimulation in transnational Afghan trading networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 175-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ethical Virtue ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Trading Networks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

This article explores the relationship between civility and diplomacy in the transnational commercial activities of traders from Afghanistan. The commodity traders on which the article focuses – most of whom are involved in the export and wholesale of commodities made in China – form long-distance networks that criss-cross multiple parts of Asia and are rooted in multiple trading nodes across the region, including the Chinese commercial city of Yiwu, Moscow and Odessa. Much scholarship associates both diplomacy and civility with impression management and dissimulation and therefore identifies such modes of behaviour as being inimical to the fashioning of enduring ties of trust. However, analysis of ethnographic material concerning the traders’ understandings of being diplomatic, as well as the ways in which they seek to conform to contested local notions of civility, furnishes unique insights into the ways in which they build the social relationships and ties of trust on which their commercial activities depend. By exploring the interrelationship between civility and diplomacy, the article seeks to move anthropological debate beyond the question of whether civility is either a form of artifice premised on performance or a deeper ethical virtue in and of itself. It suggests, rather, ambiguity, ambivalence, contradiction and imperfection are inbuilt aspects of the ways in which respect is communicated and evaluated, and ties of trust fashioned and maintained.

scholarly journals Study of Gender Conceptual Sphere: Historiography of the Question

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-33
Author(s):  
Myroslava Chornodon ◽  
Nadiia Gryshkova ◽  
Natalia Myronova ◽  
Bozhena Ivanytska ◽  
Nataliia Semen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Gender Research ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Multidimensional Complex ◽  
Gender Groups

The article attempts to analyze the concept of gender, study philosophical preconditions of its emergence and trace the main postmodern aspects of the gender category. It proves that gender research in the postmodern era is not identical to the theories of feminism. It deals with social life of both sexes, their behavior, roles, characteristics, common and different between them, the social relationships of the sexes, considering the world from the standpoint of both socio-gender groups. The article shows that an urgent need for more purposeful development of independent women's research in the developing countries. Such research should holistically reflect and study the lives of women on the basis of the so-called women's rather than universalized man experience. The main idea of this scientific research was to emphasize that the world can be explored not only from a man perspective, but also from the standpoint of woman experience. The level of scientific study of the gender conceptual sphere is clarified, in particular, the gender concept is a multidimensional complex represented in the language, which has a certain ethnocultural specificity. The concept has an unstable structure, which is reflected in the model of the concept developed by us, in which we highlight the root and applications of the concept, the possible movement of features in the relevant semantic directions from and to the root. The unstable (mobile) structure of the concept is also characteristic of its root: during historical development, the root may change, but the semantic meaning is not lost, but only replaced by synonyms or verbal innovations relevant to today.

Linguistic Turns, 1890-1950

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Hirschkop
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

Linguistic Turns rewrites the intellectual and cultural history of early twentieth-century Europe. In chapters that range over the work of Saussure, Russell, Wittgenstein, Bakhtin, Benjamin, Cassirer, Shklovskii, the Russian Futurists, Ogden and Richards, Sorel, Gramsci, and others, it shows how European intellectuals came to invest ‘language’ with extraordinary force, at a time when the social and political order of the continent was in question. By examining linguistic turns in concert rather than in isolation, Hirschkop changes the way we see them—no longer simply as moves in individual disciplines, but as elements of a larger constellation, held together by common concerns and anxieties. In a series of detailed readings, he reveals how each linguistic turn invested ‘language as such’ with powers that could redeem not just individual disciplines but Europe itself. We see how, in the hands of different writers, language becomes a model of social and political order, a tool guaranteeing analytical precision, a vehicle of dynamic change, a storehouse of mythical collective energy, a template for civil society, and an image of justice itself. By detailing the force linguistic turns attribute to language, and the way in which they contrast ‘language as such’ with actual language, Hirschkop dissects the investments made in words and sentences and the visions behind them. The constellation of linguistic turns is explored as an intellectual event in its own right and as the pursuit of social theory by other means.

The poverty of Grand Theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Brown
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Relations Theory ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Is Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
Made In

The editors of the special issue, in their call for papers for this special issue, expressed a degree of disquiet at the current state of International Relations theory, but the situation is both better and worse than they suggest. On the one hand, in some areas of the discipline, there has been real progress over the last decade. The producers of liberal and realist International Relations theory may not have the kind of standing in the social/human sciences as the ‘Grand Theorists’ identified by Quentin Skinner in his seminal mid-1980s’ collection, but they have a great deal to say about how the world works, and the world would have been a better place over the last decade or so if more notice had been taken of what they did say. On the other hand, the range of late modern theorists who brought some of Skinner’s Grand Theorists into the reckoning in the 1980s have, in the main, failed to deliver on the promises made in that decade. The state of International Relations theory in this neck of the woods is indeed a cause for concern; there is a pressing need for ‘critical problem-solving’ theory, that is, theory that relates directly to real-world problems but approaches them from the perspective of the underdog.

Business and Social Relationships in Nineteenth-Century Bombay

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiya Siddiqi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
Cultural World

This chapter consists of narratives of three people who became insolvents. Each is about the circumstances of particular merchants and brokers. Jamshedji Tata was an emerging entrepreneur. His proximity to representatives in the colonial order enabled him to overcome the crisis in his business. Premchund Roychund, a prominent broker who became insolvent, also had close ties with the colonial bankers whose support helped him to survive. Kahandas Narandas belonged to the traditional business elite who did not have the advantage of colonial support. He was totally ruined. The stories of these three merchants reveal the activities and relationships that governed their lives. They illustrate the networks through which money, credit, and loans circulated in the world of business. These stories connect the economic trajectories to the social and cultural world of people and their lives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document