scholarly journals TREATMENT OF DIABETES, EDUCATION ON THE COMPLICATIONS FROM THE DISEASE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE HYGIENE-DYTHETIC REGIME

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
Gordana Panova ◽  
Georgi Shumanov ◽  
Danijel Trajanovski
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
World Population ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that has a chronic and aggressive nature, characterized by a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism due to decreased secretion of insulin from the pancreas, thereby increasing the blood sugar level - hyperglycemia. Symptoms that characterize this disease are: polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia.The World Health Organization defines diabetes as an elevated blood glucose level followed by symptoms, increased values during two measurements:Fast plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol / L (126 mg / dL) orPlasma Glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol / L (200 mg / dL), which is determined by an oral glucose tolerance test, which is measured two hours after the patient receives 75 g of glucose solution. (HbA1c) ≥6.5%Objectives: The goals of the work are to show the characteristics of the disease with an emphasis on the treatment of it, the importance of education and explanation for possible complications and hygiene dietary regimen with statistics of patients in the Republic of Macedonia in 2017Materials and Methods: Data from the Public Health Institute of the Republic of Macedonia for newly diagnosed diseased in 2017 have been used, explaining the importance of diabetes education to patients with diabetes.Results: The survey showed that, statistically, the number of cases increases after the fifth decade. Lifestyle and genetics play an important role.Conclusion: The disease itself is very specific and if it is not controlled it can contribute to several acute and chronic complications that further complicate the process of treatment of the same. With the educative approach of healthcare professionals towards all the people who deal with diabetes, with love, empathy and dedication, the problem that affects a large group of the entire world population will become a solved puzzle.The proper use of medication and non-medication therapy also plays a major role in the treatment of the disease. Proper physical activity, knowledge of the bread units and proper use of them, in line with good medication therapy, using the innovative methods in medicine, the disease can be controlled very easily.

scholarly journals Childhood Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Premature Adrenarche

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 4282-4285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauliina Utriainen ◽  
Jarmo Jääskeläinen ◽  
Jarkko Romppanen ◽  
Raimo Voutilainen
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adult Treatment ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Adult Treatment Panel ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Premature Adrenarche ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Context: Premature pubarche (PP), the main clinical manifestation of premature adrenarche (PA), has been associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in selected populations. Objectives: Our aim was to determine the prevalence of childhood metabolic syndrome (cMBS) and to study its components in prepubertal Northern European girls with PA. Design and Patients: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 63 prepubertal girls with PA (32 with PP = PP-PA, 31 without PP = nonPP-PA) and 80 healthy age-matched control girls. A standard 2-h oral glucose tolerance test with insulin sampling was performed. Plasma lipids and serum SHBG were analyzed, and blood pressure and weight-for-height were recorded. cMBS was defined by modified criteria of the U.S. National Cholesterol Education Project Adult Treatment Panel III and the World Health Organization. Setting: The study was performed at University Hospital. Results: The mean weight-for-height (P = 0.002) and the prevalence of cMBS by the modified Adult Treatment Panel III (24 vs. 10%) and World Health Organization definitions (16 vs. 5%) (P < 0.05 for both) were higher in the PA than control girls. The weight-for-height adjusted serum insulin concentrations during the oral glucose tolerance test were elevated in the whole PA group, whereas the fasting insulin concentrations were increased and SHBG was decreased only in the PP-PA subgroup. The weight-for-height adjusted blood pressure, lipid, or glucose levels did not differ between the study groups. Conclusions: Prepubertal Northern European PA girls have increased prevalence of cMBS mainly due to being overweight and their hyperinsulinism. Among the PA children, the nonPP-PA girls have milder metabolic changes than the PP-PA girls.

Dietary and living regimen of covid-19 with special reference to Ayurveda Varsha and Sharad Ritucharya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Amit Biswas ◽  
KunalChandankhede
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Individual Disease ◽  
Morbid Conditions

Wuhan originated Covid-19 disease is caused by SARC-COV 2 virus. It is a contagious disease it spread all over the world. World health organization declared a global pandemic disease. In Covid-19 immunity plays an important role. In old age people or having other co-morbid conditions the mortality rate is more. Ayurveda has a big role in improved immunity or to intact immunity. The principle of Ayurveda is to keep individual swastha (diseases free). To maintain individual disease-free Ritucharya is one of the important subjects of Ayurveda. Aimed of study is to find out Ritucharya literature from the Ayurveda and modern research specifically Varsha and Sharad ritu. Ritucharya contains dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine, and contraindicated things those changing according to environmental change. Upcoming season in India is Varsha and Sharad ritu. Environmental changes are huge in this season and it directly affected human beings. So this study reveals property of ritu, dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine and contraindicated things in upcoming varsha and sharad ritu.

FC 134WATER SAVING COMPARISON AT DIFFERENT DIALYSATE FLOWS IN EXPANDED HEMODIALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Molano-Triviño ◽  
Jasmin Vesga ◽  
Gregorio Romero ◽  
Claudio Ronco
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Dialysate Flow ◽  
Middle Molecules ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Water Waste

Abstract Background and Aims Expanded hemodialysis (HDx) improves clearance of middle molecules as a target for uremia treatment. According to previously published results, high cut off filters have high enough clearance to allow diminishing of dialysate flow (Qd) without detrimental in HD adequacy outcomes with less water waste. According to World Health Organization (WHO), globally, almost 800 million people lack access to safe water and 2.5 billion lack access to optimal sanitation. Is our duty to search for ways to avoid water waste. Our aim is to describe the differences in water use between HDX patients receiving Qd 400 mL/min (Group 1) vs 500 ml/min (group 2) in HD patients from 10 renal clinics in Colombia as an alternative to reduce water waste in chronic HD as a strategy from Blue Planet Dialysis initiatives. Method We performed a Sub-analysis of CORHEX Study: We calculated water use at different Qd from our database: prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study of 992 adult patients undergoing chronic HD from 12 renal clinics in Colombia who were switched from high-flux HD to MCO therapy and observed for 12 months. All patients were prescribed with HDX three times a week for a minimum of 4 hours. We analysed patients with weight lower than 70 Kg at different Qd prescriptions to calculate water use at different Qd prescriptions and performed a prediction analysis, adjusting to Qd 400 mL/min, the whole potential population with weight lower than 70 Kg. Results 462 patients with weight lower than 70 Kg were analysed, 127 patients received Qd 400 mL/min. When diminishing Qd from 500 to 400 mL/min, 24 litres were saved per session per patient without detriment of middle molecule clearance. There were no differences in adequacy HD parameters between Qd prescriptions (Table 1 and 2). Conclusion HDX allows lowering of Qd to 400 mL/min without harm for patients and with remarkable savings of potable water: 24 Litres were saved in each session per patient that can be translated in almost 3500 Litres of water each year by patient which is enough for one year for 47 adults. (Based on the WHO minimum for basic health protection of at least 20 L per person/day) (2). We consider our results especially relevant since the World Health Organization estimates that within the next 5 years, over 50% of world population could reside in geographies lacking sufficient access to water. We hope that our results from the Blue Planet dialysis research group, alongside with Dr. Agar`s and Dr. Barraclough`s green nephrology initiatives, can help educate the nephrology community on the ecological impact of dialysis and can present an innovative solution to offer HD therapy even in countries suffering from limited access to potable water.

scholarly journals Mental healthcare in Hungary: contradictions and possibilities

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Kurimay
Keyword(s):  
Health Spending ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
World Health ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Official Language ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

The Republic of Hungary is a landlocked country of 93000 km2 in central Europe; it is bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. Its official language is Hungarian. Hungary joined the European Union (EU) in 2004. About 90% of the population of c. 10 million is ethnically Hungarian, with Roma comprising the largest minority population (6–8%). Currently classified as a middle-income country with a gross domestic product (GDP) of $191.7 billion (2007 figure), Hungary's total health spending accounted for 7.4% of GDP in 2007, less than the average of 8.9% among member states of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD, 2009). The proportion of the total health budget for mental health is 5.1%, which is low when compared with, for instance, the UK (England and Wales 13.8%, Scotland 9.5%) (World Health Organization, 2008, p. 118, Fig. 8.1).

scholarly journals Adolescent mothers’ utilisation of reproductive health services in the Gauteng province of the republic of South Africa

Curationis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Ehlers ◽  
T Maja ◽  
E Sellers ◽  
M Gololo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization

A financial grant was received from the World Health Organization (WHO) during 1998 to establish whether adolescent mothers (aged 19 or younger at the birth of their babies) utilized contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and termination of pregnancy (TOP) services in the Republic of South Africa (RSA). This report refers to data obtained from 111 questionnaires completed by dolescent mothers between January 2000 and May 2000 in the Gauteng Province; 61 in the Pretoria and 50 in the Garankuwa areas, and excluding the 12 completed questionnaires used foi pretesting the research instrument. The biographic data of the 111 adolescent mothers indicated that the minority were married, employed or earned sufficient income to care for themselves and their babies. However, the minority used contraceptives prior to conception, none used emergency contraceptives or termination of pregnancy (TOP) services. The minority attended ante-natal clinics five or more times during their pregnancies, and a negligible number indicated that they had ever been treated for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These findings indicate that the 111 adolescent mothers in Gauteng who participated in this survey did not make optimum use of the available reproductive health (RH) care services. Education about sex, pregnancy and contraceptives should commence at the age of 10, but no later than the age of 12 as the majority of respondents did not have the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions about their futures. The accessibility of contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and TOP services for adolescents should be investigated in specific areas and attempts made to enhance such accessi- bility. This might necessitate offering these services over weeker| ds or during evenings when school girls could attend without fear of meeting their mothers, aunts or teachers at these clinics.

scholarly journals Iodization of table salt and attitudes and habits in relation to the use of salt in general population

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Gorica Sbutega-Milosevic ◽  
Zorica Djordjevic ◽  
Zoran Marmut ◽  
Boban Mugosa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
World Population ◽  
Table Salt ◽  
Salt Iodization ◽  
The World ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction. Combating nutritional deficiencies of micronutrients, such as iodine, represents a priority task of health care organizations. In 2003, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the publication: Global Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD), according to which some 2,2 billion people live in areas poor in naturally occurring iodine. Approximately 13% of the world population suffer from goitre - one of the IDD. The recommended iodine content in table salt is 20-40 mg/kg, which should satisfy the daily iodine requirements of an adult. Objective. The authors sought to ascertain whether iodization of table salt in Montenegro was carried out in accordance with the existing legislature. An assessment was also carried out of the attitudes and habits of the population regarding the use of salt in nutrition and the level of awareness in relation to the relevance of table salt iodization. Methods. The research was carried out in 2004 and was sponsored by UNICEF. A sample of 594 homes from the municipalities of Bar and Podgorica was chosen: 354 homes from urban and 240 from rural areas. The participants completed a questionnaire related to the daily use and intake of salt, as well as their understanding of the relevance of table salt iodization. Iodine content was tested in 15 samples of table salt at production level, 170 samples at retail level and 126 samples taken from domestic use. Results. The analysis of table salt samples showed an optimal iodine level in 73.3% of samples from production, in 81.2% from retail, and in 73.0% from domestic use. A lower level of iodine was found in 8.8% retail samples and 15.1% samples from home use. A greater concentration of iodine was found in 26.7% production, 10.0% retail and 11.9% samples from domestic use. Conclusion. Although the application of the WHO programme has led to an improvement in iodization of table salt in Montenegro, both at production and retail levels, this still falls short of the standards recommended by WHO to combat IDD. The levels of iodine in table salt in domestic use also fail to comply with the WHO criteria for elimination of IDD.

scholarly journals The Central Role of Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) in Influenza Biology and Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nícia Rosário-Ferreira ◽  
António J. Preto ◽  
Rita Melo ◽  
Irina S. Moreira ◽  
Rui M. M. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Viral Disease ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Influenza (flu) is a contagious viral disease, which targets the human respiratory tract and spreads throughout the world each year. Every year, influenza infects around 10% of the world population and between 290,000 and 650,000 people die from it according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family and have a negative sense eight-segment single-stranded RNA genome that encodes 11 different proteins. The only control over influenza seasonal epidemic outbreaks around the world are vaccines, annually updated according to viral strains in circulation, but, because of high rates of mutation and recurrent genetic assortment, new viral strains of influenza are constantly emerging, increasing the likelihood of pandemics. Vaccination effectiveness is limited, calling for new preventive and therapeutic approaches and a better understanding of the virus–host interactions. In particular, grasping the role of influenza non-structural protein 1 (NS1) and related known interactions in the host cell is pivotal to better understand the mechanisms of virus infection and replication, and thus propose more effective antiviral approaches. In this review, we assess the structure of NS1, its dynamics, and multiple functions and interactions, to highlight the central role of this protein in viral biology and its potential use as an effective therapeutic target to tackle seasonal and pandemic influenza.

scholarly journals Mental health in the Dominican Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Hernández ◽  
Tresha Ann Gibbs ◽  
Luisa Gautreaux-Subervi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pan American ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization

The Dominican Republic is located in the Caribbean Sea and comprises three-quarters of the island Hispaniola, which it shares with Haiti. According to the 2002 census, approximately 8.5 million people live in the Republic, with 64% residing in urban areas (Oficina Nacional Estadística, n.d.). During 1990 and 2000, the Dominican Republic was a leader in economic development for Latin America and the Caribbean; however, this was not reflected in the areas of human and social development (Pan American Health Organization & World Health Organization, 2007). Less than 1 % of the health budget administered by the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance (MISPAS) is allocated to mental health and the public system is generally underfunded (Pan American Health Organization & World Health Organization, 2008). However, there is an array of mental health services within the country when privately funded facilities are taken into account.

scholarly journals Fighting Strategies Against the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic: Impact on Global Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bapi Gorain ◽  
Hira Choudhury ◽  
Nagashekhara Molugulu ◽  
Rajani B. Athawale ◽  
Prashant Kesharwani
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Sudden outbreak of a new pathogen in numbers of pneumonic patients in Wuhan province during December 2019 has threatened the world population within a short period of its occurrence. This respiratory tract–isolated pathogen was initially named as novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019), but later termed as SARS-CoV-2. The rapid spreading of this infectious disease received the label of pandemic by the World Health Organization within 4 months of its occurrence, which still seeks continuous attention of the researchers to prevent the spread and for cure of the infected patients. The propagation of the disease has been recorded in 215 countries, with more than 25.5 million cases and a death toll of more than 0.85 million. Several measures are taken to control the disease transmission, and researchers are actively engaged in finding suitable therapeutics to effectively control the disease to minimize the mortality and morbidity rates. Several existing potential candidates were explored in the prevention and treatment of worsening condition of COVID-19 patients; however, none of the formulation has been approved for the treatment but used under medical supervision. In this article, a focus has been made to highlight on current epidemiology on the COVID-19 infection, clinical features, diagnosis, and transmission, with special emphasis on treatment measures of the disease at different stages of clinical research and the global economic influence due to this pandemic situation. Progress in the development on vaccine against COVID-19 has also been explored as important measures to immunize people. Moreover, this article is expected to provide information to the researchers, who are constantly combating in the management against this outbreak.

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