scholarly journals Modeling Deception: A Case Study of Email Phishing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Almoqbil ◽  
Brian O'Connor ◽  
Richard Anderson ◽  
Jibril Shittu ◽  
Patrick McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Sample Population ◽  
University Of North Texas ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Subject Line ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Information Manipulation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
The University

Information manipulation for deception continues to evolve at a remarkable rate. Artificial intelligence has greatly reduced the burden of combing through documents for evidence of manipulation; but it has also enabled the development of clever modes of deception. In this study, we modeled deception attacks by examining phishing emails that successfully evaded detection by the Microsoft 365 filtering system. The sample population selected for this study was the University of North Texas students, faculty, staff, alumni and retirees who maintain their university email accounts. The model explains why certain individuals and organizations are selected as targets, and identifies potential counter measures and counter attacks. Over a one-year period, 432 phishing emails with different features, characters, length, context and semantics successfully passed through Microsoft Office 365 filtering system. The targeted population ranged from 18 years old up to those of retirement age; ranged across educational levels from undergraduate through doctoral levels; and ranged across races. The unstructured data was preprocessed by filtering out duplicates to avoid overemphasizing a single attack. The term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and distribution of words over documents (topic modeling) were analyzed. Results show that staff and students were the main target audience, and the phishing email volume spiked in the summer and holiday season. The TF-IDF analysis showed that the phishing emails could be categorized under six categories: reward, urgency, job, entertainment, fear, and curiosity. Analysis showed that attackers use information gap theory to bait email recipients to open phishing emails with no subject line or very attractive subject line in about thirty percent of cases. Ambiguity remains the main stimulus used by phishing attackers, while the reinforcements used to misinform the targets range from positive reinforcements (prize, reward) to negative reinforcements (blackmail, potential consequences).

scholarly journals Academic infractions of assessed work in Japanese langauge

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Junko Winch
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Translation Function ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Productive Function ◽  
On Line ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

Google Translate (GT) is a free on-line translation tool and accessible to anyone including students who study languages. Before the advent of GT, dictionaries have been used by language learners, which have only receptive translation function. Unlike dictionaries, GT has two translation functions: receptive and productive. This productive function of GT has been increasingly creating problems in university language assessment and language teachers with students’ cheating, plagiarism or academic infractions. The purpose of this article is to find evidence that GT has a causal effect of students’ cheating, plagiarism or academic infractions. As GT seems to be associated with cheating, plagiarism as well as academic infractions, these terms are defined. In addition, as coherence seems to be also associated with academic infraction, how coherence and academic infractions are also discussed before the methodology. The study investigated the formative Japanese coursework essay writings of three students who have studied Japanese for one year but with no basic understanding or knowledge of the Japanese language at a university of South of England. It is concluded that all three students were suspected of committing plagiarism in spite of teacher’s warning of plagiarism. The implications of this study are directed at institutions, teachers and students. Institutions should review the information gap between the websites which are written for students and the university’s official published website statement on plagiarism. Institutions may also need to mention GT specifically in the plagiarism documentation. Institutions may also consider adopting an additional coversheet system to use as students’ declaration of plagiarism. Language teacher should be familiar with the differences between plagiarism vs. cheatings, plagiarism vs. academic infractions/offences and the components of academic infractions of the university they work. Students should submit their own work, not using GT or copying and pasting translated sentences from websites.

Some Biological Applications of High Voltage Electron Microscopy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
Hans Ris
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Chromosome Structure ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

The High Voltage Electron Microscope Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin has been in operation a little over one year. I would like to give a progress report about our experience with this new technique. The achievement of good resolution with thick specimens has been mainly exploited so far. A cold stage which will allow us to look at frozen specimens and a hydration stage are now being installed in our microscope. This will soon make it possible to study undehydrated specimens, a particularly exciting application of the high voltage microscope.Some of the problems studied at the Madison facility are: Structure of kinetoplast and flagella in trypanosomes (J. Paulin, U. of Georgia); growth cones of nerve fibers (R. Hannah, U. of Georgia Medical School); spiny dendrites in cerebellum of mouse (Scott and Guillery, Anatomy, U. of Wis.); spindle of baker's yeast (Joan Peterson, Madison) spindle of Haemanthus (A. Bajer, U. of Oregon, Eugene) chromosome structure (Hans Ris, U. of Wisconsin, Madison). Dr. Paulin and Dr. Hanna are reporting their work separately at this meeting and I shall therefore not discuss it here.

Prospective evaluation for gastrointestinal bleedings at the University Hospital St. Pölten – one year of follow-up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stättermayer ◽  
F Riedl ◽  
S Bernhofer ◽  
A Stättermayer ◽  
A Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Hospital ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

Towards an interdisciplinary knowledge exchange model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago DE FRANCISCO ◽  
Diego MAZO
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Common Situation

Universities and corporates, in Europe and the United States, have come to a win-win relationship to accomplish goals that serve research and industry. However, this is not a common situation in Latin America. Knowledge exchange and the co-creation of new projects by applying academic research to solve company problems does not happen naturally.To bridge this gap, the Design School of Universidad de los Andes, together with Avianca, are exploring new formats to understand the knowledge transfer impact in an open innovation network aiming to create fluid channels between different stakeholders. The primary goal was to help Avianca to strengthen their innovation department by apply design methodologies. First, allowing design students to proposed novel solutions for the traveller experience. Then, engaging Avianca employees to learn the design process. These explorations gave the opportunity to the university to apply design research and academic findings in a professional and commercial environment.After one year of collaboration and ten prototypes tested at the airport, we can say that Avianca’s innovation mindset has evolved by implementing a user-centric perspective in the customer experience touch points, building prototypes and quickly iterate. Furthermore, this partnership helped Avianca’s employees to experience a design environment in which they were actively interacting in the innovation process.

Bankruptcy Model Construction and its Limitation in Input Data Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Dana Kubíčková ◽  
◽  
Vladimír Nulíček ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Model Construction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Multivariate Discriminant

The aim of the research project solved at the University of Finance and administration is to construct a new bankruptcy model. The intention is to use data of the firms that have to cease their activities due to bankruptcy. The most common method for bankruptcy model construction is multivariate discriminant analyses (MDA). It allows to derive the indicators most sensitive to the future companies’ failure as a parts of the bankruptcy model. One of the assumptions for using the MDA method and reassuring the reliable results is the normal distribution and independence of the input data. The results of verification of this assumption as the third stage of the project are presented in this article. We have revealed that this assumption is met only in a few selected indicators. Better results were achieved in the indicators in the set of prosperous companies and one year prior the failure. The selected indicators intended for the bankruptcy model construction thus cannot be considered as suitable for using the MDA method.

scholarly journals Future Healthcare Workers and Hepatitis B Vaccination: A New Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7783
Author(s):  
Andrea Trevisan ◽  
Paola Mason ◽  
Annamaria Nicolli ◽  
Stefano Maso ◽  
Marco Fonzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination ◽  
University Of Padua ◽  
The University

Before the introduction of universal vaccination, hepatitis B caused high morbidity and mortality, especially among healthcare workers. In the present study, the immune status against hepatitis B was assessed in a cohort of 11,188 students of the degree courses of the School of Medicine of the University of Padua (Italy) who had been subjected to mandatory vaccination in childhood or adolescence and who will be future healthcare workers. The variables that influence the antibody response to vaccination are mainly the age at which the vaccine was administered and sex. If vaccination was administered before one year of age, there is a high probability (around 50%) of having an antibody titer lower than 10 IU/L compared to those vaccinated after one year of age (12.8%). The time between vaccine and analysis is not decisive. Furthermore, female sex, but only if vaccination was administered after one year of age, shows a significant (p = 0.0008) lower percentage of anti-HBs below 10 IU/L and a greater antibody titer (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the differences related to the age of vaccination induce more doubts than answers. The only plausible hypothesis, in addition to the different immune responses (innate and adaptive), is the type of vaccine. This is not easy to verify because vaccination certificates rarely report it.

scholarly journals XXIII.—The Clyde Sea Area

1892 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Robert Mill
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Experimental Physics ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

The fjord-like inlets or sea-lochs which form so conspicuous a feature in the scenery of the west of Scotland stand in marked contrast to the shallow, low-shored firths of the east coast. When Dr John Murray decided to extend the physical and biological work of the Scottish Marine Station to the west coast he foresaw that many interesting conclusions were likely to be derived from the study of these isolated sea-basins. Various papers, published by him and other workers, contain preliminary discussions of many of the phenomena observed, fully justifying the anticipations which had been formed.For one year my work, as described in this paper, was carried out under the provisions of an Elective Fellowship in Experimental Physics of the University of Edinburgh, to which I had been elected in 1886; and subsequently by a personal grant from the Government Grant Committee for Scientific Research. The Committee also devoted several sums of money in payment of expenses in compiling this discussion. The Scottish Marine Station throughout gave the use of the steam-yacht “Medusa,” and the necessary apparatus.

scholarly journals Concussion Knowledge among Medical Students and Neurology/Neurosurgery Residents

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Boggild ◽  
Charles H. Tator
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
The University ◽  
Impact Syndrome

Background and Objectives:Concussion is a prevalent brain injury in the community. While primary prevention strategies need to be enhanced, it is also important to diagnose and treat concussions expertly and expeditiously to prevent serious complications that may be life-threatening or long lasting. Therefore, physicians should be knowledgeable about the diagnosis and management of concussions. The present study assesses Ontario medical students’ and residents’ knowledge of concussion management.Methods:A survey to assess the knowledge and awareness of the diagnosis and treatment of concussions was developed and administered to graduating medical students (n= 222) and neurology and neurosurgery residents (n = 80) at the University of Toronto.Results:Residents answered correctly significantly more of the questions regarding the diagnosis and management of concussions than the medical students (mean = 5.8 vs 4.1, t= 4.48, p<0.01). Gender, participation in sports, and personal concussion history were not predictive of the number of questions answered correctly. Several knowledge gaps were identified in the sample population as a whole. Approximately half of the medical students and residents did not recognize chronic traumatic encephalopathy (n = 36) or the second impact syndrome (n = 44) as possible consequences of repetitive concussions. Twenty-four percent of the medical students (n = 18) did not think that “every concussed individual should see a physician” as part of management.Conclusions:A significant number of medical students and residents have incomplete knowledge about concussion diagnosis and management. This should be addressed by targeting this population during undergraduate medical education.

Prevalence Rates for Medical Problems among Flautists: A Comparison of the UNT-Musician Health Survey and the Flute Health Survey

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Cari Spence
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
North Texas ◽  
University Of North Texas ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University

The purpose of this study was to identify prevalence rates of medical problems among flautists. The Flute Health Survey (FHS), a questionnaire with items regarding musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeletal problems, was distributed at the 1999 National Flute Association annual meeting (n = 40). This questionnaire was pilot tested at the 1999 Texas Flute Festival, which is hosted by the Texas Flute Society. The University of North Texas has posted on the Internet a similar questionnaire regarding the medical problems of all musicians. Responses from the University of North Texas Musician Health Survey (UNT-MHS) were filtered to include only those respondents who denoted flute as their primary instruments (n = 328). Data sets from both surveys were then processed using comparative statistics. Findings show that there was no significant difference between the demographics of the two populations. Only one musculoskeletal site, the left hand, was found to be statistically significant between the two groups. Four nonmusculoskeletal items, depression, earache, headache, and sleep disturbances, were found to be different between the two groups. The overall findings of this comparison show that there are many medical problems facing the flute playing community. Further investigation and observations of this population are necessary.

PROGRESSIVE ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERAL ISCHEMIC EVENTS IN ANAMNESIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Parkhomenko O.M. ◽  
Lozhkina N.G.
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Ischemic Events

Вackground. Progressive atherosclerosis is accompanied by unfavorable clinical outcomes; study and understanding of this process is necessary to identify the appropriate risk groups. Purpose of the study to study the dynamics of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries in patients with several ischemic events in history. Patient Characterization and Research Methods. The present subanalysis included 51 patients with recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) out of the initially included 100 patients with index MI. All 100 patients had a history of two or more ischemic coronary or cerebral events, which corresponds to the clinical signs of progressive atherosclerosis. The dynamics of the degree of coronary stenosis from the moment of index MI to repeated MI was assessed according to the data of selective coronary angiography. The statistical program Microsoft Office Excel 2019 was used. Results. All patients with recurrent myocardial infarction (51 people) had signs of progression of coronary artery stenosis: "mild" progression - 82.3%, "moderate" and "severe" - 15.6% and 2.1%, respectively. SYNTAX Score> 22.5 points was a predictor of one-year adverse outcomes: OR 6.349, CI (2.548-15.823). The results obtained make it possible to distinguish a group of patients with accelerated atherosclerosis syndrome in order to stratify the risk and optimally manage this complex category of patients.

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