scholarly journals Regional evaluation of the reasons of death in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Natalia Shartova ◽  
Olga Chereshnia ◽  
Vladimir Tikunov
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Mathematical Algorithm ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Individual Scale

Modern studies show significant inequalities in public health and mortality in many countries, and Russia is no exception. Moreover, according to some indicators, inequality in Russia is extremely high, both regionally and between different socio-economic groups. In this regard, a mathematical assessment of the main indicators of the causes of mortality at the regional level seems particularly relevant. This paper presents a study of the geography of causes of death in Russia from 2011 to 2015 in regions and large cities. The assessment was carried out using ranking according to standardized demographic indicators (mortality for reasons: some infectious and parasitic diseases; neoplasms; diseases of the circulatory system; respiratory diseases; diseases of the digestive system; external causes of death). The spatial features of mortality for each of the main causes are determined separately for men and women. Assessment and ranking of cities and regions of Russia was developed on the basis of a mathematical algorithm developed by one of the authors [Tikunov, 1997]. The results were mapped using an individual scale for each cause of death.

scholarly journals Typology of Regions and Cities of Russia by Causes of Death

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (34) ◽  
pp. 64-81
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Chereshnia ◽  
Natalia A. Shartova ◽  
Vladimir S. Tikunov
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
External Causes

The problem of the high mortality rate, in comparison with countries with similar living standards, is extremely urgent in Russia. It is especially noticeable at the regional level, where differences in mortality and its structure are enormous. The regions of Russia are at different stages of epidemiological transition. This is expressed in differences in their mortality rates and differences in the structure of causes of death. The regions and largest cities of the country are sometimes diverge radically, which greatly complicates research. This paper presents a typology of regions and large cities of the Russian Federation according to the main classes of causes of death in 2015 and its cartography. The spatial features of mortality according to the main causes of death are determined separately for men and women. The assessment was carried out using classification by demographic indicators (causes of mortality: some infectious and parasitic diseases; tumours; diseases of the circulatory system; respiratory diseases; diseases of the digestive system; external causes of death). The dataset included 250 territorial units: 85 regions (including cities of federal significance) and 165 large cities with populations of over 100,000. Based on the primary statistics, standardised mortality rates were calculated. The classification was carried out according to an algorithm developed by one of the authors. The classification presented allows us to highlight the specific characteristics of individual groups of regions and analyse them with a greater degree of accuracy.

scholarly journals Mortality in Russia: the second epidemiological revolution that never was

2015 ◽  
pp. 4-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Age Of Death

The article looks at different approaches to the conceptualization of the modern stage of mortality reduction (the "new stages” of the epidemiological transition, "the second epidemiological revolution”, the “health transition”). During this stage, which has lasted for at least half a century, revolutionary changes have taken place in most developed countries. These changes manifest themselves in the drastic expansion of the degree of control over non-infectious causes of death—particularly over diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, and other non-communicable diseases, as well as over external causes of death. As a consequence of these changes, there has been a rapid shift of deaths from the abovementioned causes to older ages, an increase in the mean age of death from these causes, and, ultimately, a significant rise in life expectancy. Russia, unfortunately, is watching this revolution from the outside, without taking any part in it. The age distribution of deaths from major classes of causes of death in Russia has not changed over the past half-century, life expectancy has stagnated, and Russia has increasingly lagged behind the majority of developed countries with respect to this indicator. Thus, the “second epidemiological revolution” has not yet to occur in Russia.

scholarly journals Mortality from external causes in Russia over half a century

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kvasha ◽  
Tatiana Kharkova ◽  
Valeriy Yumaguzin
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Undetermined Intent ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
External Causes

The article discusses long-term mortality trends (since 1956) from external causes of death in Russia. Russia has long lagged behind developed countries in this domain. The level of mortality from external causes of death remains high and its structure is still archaic with large contribution of homicides, alcohol poisoning and injuries of undetermined intent. Excess number of deaths from life tables of Russia and Western European countries is compared. It is shown that in Russia the greatest excess losses are associated with mortality from poisonings among both sexes, suicide among men and homicide among women. Mortality from external causes, along with mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, has had a significant impact on life expectancy. In general, over the period 1956-2012 the increase in mortality from external causes in the 15-64 age group reduced life expectancy by 2.6 years for males and 0.7 years for females. The decline, starting in 2003, of mortality from external causes of death has slightly reduced the gap between Russia and developed countries, bringing the current Russian level closer to those levels reached in Russia in the mid-1960s and 1980s. However, given the fluctuations of mortality from external causes, it is premature to say whether the current decline in mortality is robust.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY RATE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE POLTAVA REGION AND THE WAYS OF ITS REDUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091
Author(s):  
Valentyn M. Dvornyk ◽  
Inna V. Bielikova ◽  
Ludmyla M. Shylkina ◽  
Valentyna L. Filatova ◽  
Natalia M. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Second Neoplasms ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Introduction: Saving and improvement of population’ health is one of the main priorities of the policy in any country. Studying of the level and causes of mortality is a powerful tool for assessing the effectiveness of health care systems. WHO recommends using of the European classification of preventable causes of death that based on three levels of prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the level and structure of mortality of the population of Ukraine and the Poltava region, to substantiate scientific approaches to the study and identification of those causes of death that can be prevented in order to formulate prevention programs at different level. Materials and methods: In research are used the information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and from the Center for Medical Statistics of the MoH of Ukraine. Review: Despite the positive dynamics of mortality in recent years, both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine, the indicators remain extremely negative. About 73.3% of all fatalities in Ukraine are three main types of causes cardiovascular diseases, external causes of death and neoplasms. In the Poltava region, 70.56% of all causes of death are due to cardiovascular disease; neoplasms occupy 13.88%; external causes - 4.87%; diseases of the digestive system - 3,06%; respiratory diseases - 1.31% of the causes of death. Conclusions: The mortality rate both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine has tendency for declines, but remains rather high. General trends in the structure of causes of death: in the first place are diseases of the cardiovascular system, the second - neoplasms, the third -external causes. Structuring of the causes of death that based on the principle of prevention in Ukraine do not conduct.

CURRENT TRENDS IN MORTALITY IN INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF THE ARCTIC MACROREGION: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
T.L. Kharkova ◽  
◽  
E.A. Kvasha ◽  
B.A. Revich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mortality Reduction ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
National Trends

The authors have evaluated dynamics in indicators of standardized mortality and life expectancy in the industrial cities of the Arctic macroregion. Those cities are characterized by a higher mortality rate including mortality from external causes compared to the Russian indicators. The highest mortality from lung cancer is registered in the city of Norilsk. Purpose. To identify trends in life expectancy and main causes of death in a number of cities with the developed industry of the Arctic macroregion, namely: Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Syktyvkar, Norilsk and Novy Urengoy, in comparison with the urban population of Russia as a whole. Material and methods. Analysis of mortality in the selected cities was carried out on the basis of the Rosstat data with a breakdown on sex, age and causes of death for 2008-2019. To level random annual fluctuations, mortality rates were calculated for four three-year periods. The decomposition method was used to analyze contribution of groups of causes of death to changes in life expectancy. Results. Dynamics in life expectancy in the Arctic cities generally follow he national trends with certain differences. Cities in the Arctic macroregion are characterized by a greater contribution of the reduced mortality from external causes to the rise in life expectancy. Moreover, in Norilsk, the contribution of diseases of the circulatory system in both men and women was negative, and it was the decrease in mortality from external causes that contributed to the increase in life expectancy. However, mortality from external causes of death in the Arctic cities remains higher compared to the all-Russia indicator. This city is characterized by higher mortality from neoplasms, (mortality from lung cancer is 1.2-2.5 times higher). Despite the increase in life expectancy in the Arctic cities over the past decade, trends in mortality from some causes of death in some cities remain negative. Conclusion. Trends in mortality in the Arctic cities largely repeat the national ones but are characterized by a number of features that should be taken into account while developing regional measures for effective mortality reduction. A special attention should be focused on such reserve of mortality reduction as diseases of the respiratory and digestive system, neoplasms, infections as well as external causes of death.

scholarly journals Causes of Mortality in Older People With Intellectual Disability: Results From the HA-ID Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyt Oppewal ◽  
Josje D. Schoufour ◽  
Hanne J.K. van der Maarl ◽  
Heleen M. Evenhuis ◽  
Thessa I.M. Hilgenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract We aim to provide insight into the cause-specific mortality of older adults with intellectual disability (ID), with and without Down syndrome (DS), and compare this to the general population. Immediate and primary cause of death were collected through medical files of 1,050 older adults with ID, 5 years after the start of the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disabilities (HA-ID) study. During the follow-up period, 207 (19.7%) participants died, of whom 54 (26.1%) had DS. Respiratory failure was the most common immediate cause of death (43.4%), followed by dehydration/malnutrition (20.8%), and cardiovascular diseases (9.4%). In adults with DS, the most common cause was respiratory disease (73.3%), infectious and bacterial diseases (4.4%), and diseases of the digestive system (4.4%). Diseases of the respiratory system also formed the largest group of primary causes of death (32.1%; 80.4% was due to pneumonia), followed by neoplasms (17.6%), and diseases of the circulatory system (8.2%). In adults with DS, the main primary cause was also respiratory diseases (51.1%), followed by dementia (22.2%).

scholarly journals Characteristics of mortality in the Orenburg region population in 2011-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Evgenii L. Borschuk ◽  
Dmitrii N. Begun ◽  
Tatyana V. Begun
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
External Causes

Objectives - to study the mortality indicators, their dynamics and structure, in the population of the Orenburg region in the period of 2011-2017. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the data from the territorial authority of statistics in the Orenburg region in the period from 2011 to 2017. The analytical, demographic and statistical methods were implemented for the study of the demographic indicators. Results. Cities and municipal settlements of the Orenburg region with high mortality indicators were included in the second and fourth clusters during the cluster analysis. The first and third clusters included cities and municipal settlements with an average mortality. The most favorable position has the Orenburg area with the lowest mortality rate in the region in 2017 - 8.4%. The dynamics of mortality rates among the male and female population tends to decrease, more pronounced dynamics is in men. Though, the male population is characterized by higher mortality rates in all age groups. The leading position among the causes of death is taken by diseases of the circulatory system (46.3% of the total mortality). The second position is occupied by tumors (17.2%), the third - by external causes (8.4%). Mortality from circulatory system diseases and from external causes has reduced. The dynamics of mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The rank of leading causes of death is not identical in the clusters: in the third and fourth clusters, the other causes occupy the second place in the structure of mortality, while tumors occupy the third. Conclusion. In the Orenburg region, the mortality rate is higher than overage in the Russian Federation by 0.9 per 1000 people. The study revealed significant territorial differences in the mortality rates. In general, the mortality among men in all age groups is higher than the mortality of women. The mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system plays the leading role in the structure of mortality, but has the tendency for decline. Until 2006, the mortality from external causes ranked the second place, now the second place is taken by death from tumors The mortality from external causes is decreasing; mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The obtained results could be used by local authorities in developing the program of public health protection and assessing its effectiveness.

Deaths Associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis in France from 1969 to 2009

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Prati ◽  
Marc Puyraveau ◽  
Xavier Guillot ◽  
Franck Verhoeven ◽  
Daniel Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Objective.To describe deaths for which ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was on death certificates in France.Methods.Death certificates in which AS was indicated were evaluated. Standard mortality ratio (SMR) was assessed.Results.AS appeared in 2940 death certificates. The mortality rate of AS seemed stable. The most frequent initial causes were diseases of the circulatory system [28.3% in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th ed (ICD-10)]. SMR adjusted for age and sex were 2.1 (95% CI 1.45–2.91) for infections and 0.43 (0.36–0.5) for cancers (ICD-10 period).Conclusion.This study found an increase in mortality from infectious and external causes of death; conversely, patients with AS appear to die less frequently from cancer.

scholarly journals Female reproductive factors and risk of external causes of death among women: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiori Tanaka ◽  
Sarah K. Abe ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Taiki Yamaji ◽  
Taichi Shimazu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Abstract Although empirical data suggest a possible link between female reproductive events and risk of nonfatal accidents and suicidal behaviors, evidence to determine these effects on mortality is scarce. This study investigated the association between female reproductive factors and the risk of external causes of death among middle-aged Japanese women. We used a population-based cohort study consisting of 71 698 women residing in 11 public health center areas across Japan between 1990 and 1994. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of the risk of all external causes, suicide, and accidents according to female reproductive factors at the baseline survey. During 1 028 583 person-years of follow-up for 49 279 eligible subjects (average 20.9 years), we identified 328 deaths by all injuries. Among parous women, ever versus never breastfeeding [0.67 (95% CI: 0.49–0.92)] was associated with a decreased risk of all injuries. Risk of suicide was inversely associated with ever versus never parity [0.53 (95% CI: 0.32–0.88)]. A lower risk of death by accidents was seen in ever breastfeeding [0.63 (95% CI: 0.40–0.97)] compared to never breastfeeding. This study suggests that parity and breastfeeding are associated with reduced risk of death by all external causes, suicide and/or accidents among Japanese women.

scholarly journals Excess Mortality Due to External Causes in Women in the South African Mining Industry: 2013–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry S. Wilson ◽  
Tahira Kootbodien ◽  
Nisha Naicker
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Proportional Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Mining is a recognized high-risk industry with a relatively high occurrence of occupational injuries and disease. In this study, we looked at the differences in mortality between male and female miners in South Africa. Data from Statistics South Africa regarding occupation and cause of death in the combined years 2013–2015 were analyzed. Proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) were calculated to investigate excess mortality due to external causes of death by sex in miners and in manufacturing laborers. Results: Women miners died at a significantly younger age on average (44 years) than all women (60 years), women manufacturers (53 years), and male miners (55 yrs). There was a significantly increased proportion of deaths due to external causes in women miners (12.4%) compared to all women (4.8%) and women manufacturers (4.6%). Significantly increased PMRs were seen in car occupant accidents (467, 95% confidence interval (CI) 151–1447), firearm discharge (464, 95% CI 220–974), and contact with blunt objects (2220 95% CI 833–5915). Conclusion: This descriptive study showed excess deaths in women miners due to external causes. Road accidents, firearm discharge, and contact with blunt objects PMRs were significantly increased. Further research is required to confirm the underlying reasons for external causes of death and to develop recommendations to protect women miners.

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