scholarly journals Collaborative Governance Approaches in Dealing with Financial Deficits in the JKN-KIS Program in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Miptahul Janah ◽  
Amy Y. Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dominant Tendency ◽  
Financial Balance ◽  
Financial Deficits

Objective - The imbalance in income and expenditure in the JKN-KIS program clearly illustrates the main causes of its financial balance deficit. The government has implemented many top-down programs to overcome this issue, but these efforts have not yet shown any satisfying outcomes. The collaborative efforts in dealing with budget deficit problems in the JKN-KIS program have been carried out by many actors. The extant literature suggests it should be noted that the components are comprehensive and appropriately used in answering problems. This study consists of a theoretical discussion focusing on the potentials and challenges of bottom-up collaborative governance concept as well as a practical example of how this concept works in dealing with financial deficits in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program in Indonesia. Methodology/Technique – This study aims to explain the tendency of collaborative governance approach used. This study is conducted using a post-positivism approach with qualitative and quantitative data analysis using 13 state and non-state institutions for the period of the JKN from 2014 to 2018. Finding & Novelty - The results of the study show that there is no dominant tendency in each existing model. However, there are a “red thread” between collaborative governance models formulated. The results suggest that a bottom-up approach emerges as a critique to the old scheme of a top-down approach in which the participation of the citizens or NGOs are not proportionally given. This finding implies that in adopting the bottom-up collaborative governance concept there are significant challenges for the collaborative governance approach in the future. Type of Paper: Review JEL Classification: I13, I18. Keywords: Financial Deficit; Health Insurance; Collaborative Governance; Bottom-up. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Janah, M; Rahayu, A.Y.S. 2020 Collaborative Governance Approach in dealing with financial deficits on JKN-KIS Program in Indonesia, Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review 8(2): 124 – 131. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2020.8.2(6)

scholarly journals THE REVITALIZATION MODEL OF WAN ABDURRAHMAN FOREST PARK AS A COMMUNAL FORESTRY CONSERVATION AREA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153
Author(s):  
Erlina Bachri ◽  
Bambang Hartono ◽  
Zainab Ompu Jainah ◽  
Anggalana ◽  
Melisa Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Social Planning ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
The Government ◽  
Member Of Parliament

Purpose of study: This study aimed to develop a model of social planning and legal perspectives on forest park revitalization program. Which in this study forest park that will be examined is Abdurahman Wan forest park in Lampung province, Indonesia as communal-based nature conservation programs are guided by the principles of participation, utilization, harmonization, and sustainability? Methodology: This study is a qualitative study using juridical and sociological perspectives by evaluating and comparing the Top-down and Bottom-up plans that have been done before. The SWOT analysis has been done for analyzing the data. Result: The results of the study show that the "Top-down Planning" that has been done so far is not sufficient. This is because the legislature is not only limited to a basic concept but must also play a role in developing all strategic arrangements. Therefore, in this case, the government is not merely a member of parliament but oversees the course of the program. Also, the community must have broad access to fight for its communal values. In short, the study found that the "Bottom-Up Planning" model was more suitable for implementation because through this approach the community could participate and exchange ideas together in all policies. Implications: This research is very useful for stakeholders because it can provide academic illustrations in the form of policy analysis and is able to force public participation and ensure that all policies are shared values ​​and collaborative in nature that provide so many assets related to the form of public policy in implementing activities in the park communal forest. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, managers, and policymakers. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of forest park conservation programs using communal-based based on participation, utilization, harmonization, and sustainability.

scholarly journals Efektivitas E-Musrenbang di Kota Surabaya dalam Sistem Perencanaan Pembangunan Berparadigma Masyarakat

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Novy Setia Yunas
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

The success of the development in a region will be greatly determined by the quality of development planning. As planning became the sign posts are clear about what the needs of the citizens with has clear and measurable targets. Development Planning System emphasizes a combination of approaches between top-down and bottom up, which emphasizes the ways aspirational and participatory, so it is realized through the process of development planning or deliberation Musrenbang neighborhood start at various levels up to nationwide. This paper is the result of research that are descriptive studies library which describes the process of implementing E-Musrenbang in Surabaya with a variety of problems. E-Musrenbang successfully applied in Surabaya at least be innovations in development  planning system in which during this society wants a forum or social contacts among citizens with the Government in regional development planning. The application of the system of E-Musrenbang in Surabaya became an important lesson for the construction paradigm of society, where society is not only made of the objects but rather the subject of development. Keberhasilan pembangunan di suatu wilayah ditentukan oleh kualitas perencanaan pembangunannya. Sebagaimana perencanaan menjadi penunjuk arah yang jelas tentang apa yang menjadi kebutuhan warga dengan target yang jelas dan terukur. Sistem perencanaan menekankan kombinasi pendekatan antara top-down dan bottom-up, yang lebih menekankan cara-cara aspiratif dan partisipatif, sehingga hal tersebut diwujudkan melalui proses musyawarah perencanaan pembangunan atau Musrenbang di berbagai tingkatan mulai kelurahan hingga Nasional. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dengan studi kepustakaan yang menjelaskan proses pelaksanaan E- Musrenbang di Surabaya dengan berbagai permasalahannya. Sistem E- Musrenbang yang berhasil diterapkan di Kota Surabaya setidaknya menjadi inovasi dalam sistem perencanaan pembangunan dimana selama ini masyarakat menginginkan sebuah forum atau kontak sosial antara warga dengan pemerintah dalam perencanaan pembangunan daerah. Penerapan sistem E- Musrenbang di Kota Surabaya menjadi sebuah pelajaran penting bagi perencanaan pembangunan berparadigma masyarakat, dimana masyarakat tidak hanya dijadikan objek melainkan subjek pembangunan. 

Uneven implementation of human trafficking policies

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-148
Author(s):  
Laura A. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Country Size ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
The Government

This chapter discusses how anti-trafficking institutions and networks combine to diffuse policy implementation from the top-down and bottom-up. It shows that when no one in the government is held accountable for the implementation of the policies uneven policy implementation occurs as some countries (i.e. Latvia) are more effective at implementing policy than others (i.e. Ukraine and Russia). The results demonstrate that top-down implementation (from the national government) was apparent in all three countries as the government entities attempted to guide implementation. Only Latvia was able to balance this top-down approach with a grass roots bottom-up implementation processes facilitated by their working group and the strength of the interest groups in that country. This could also demonstrate that country size and/or decentralization reforms from the federal level help facilitate human trafficking policy implementation. The influence of internal factors including law enforcement measures to combat trafficking and interest group strength are the most significant facilitators of policy implementation. While state capacity and commitment, bureaucracy, and corruption were the biggest impediments to successful policy implementation. Interest groups also provide feedback loops, policy evaluations, and guide implementation when the government fell short.

Regency grouping in East Java based on Variable Type of Agriculture uses Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering Via Mutual Cluster Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Sulthan Fikri Mu'afa ◽  
Nurissaidah Ulinnuha
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
The Government

AbstractEast Java Province is one of the provinces that has the largest agricultural resources in Indonesia. The Government of East Java needs to produce superior commodities in each region. This study aims to group districts in East Java Province based on variable types of agriculture with the hybrid hierarchical clustering via mutual cluster method that combines the merging of bottom-up clustering advantages and top-down clustering advantages. Mutual cluster is a grouping with the largest distance between small groups of the shortest distance for each point outside the group. In this research, the calculation uses Euclidean distance. The data used in this study are from the East Java Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2017. The division calculation is obtained by finding the minimum  (standard deviation of intra cluster) value and the maximum  (standard deviation of inter clusters) value and using the analysis of variance calculation. The grouping results obtained were nine groups with  value of 725.934,  value of 1.475.978 and  value of 7,908.Keywords: agriculture; Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering; mutual cluster; Euclidean distance; analysis of variance. AbstrakProvinsi Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu provinsi yang memiliki sumber daya pertanian terbesar di Indonesia. Pemerintah Jawa Timur perlu mengembangkan komoditi unggulan di tiap daerah di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Timur berdasarkan variabel jenis pertanian dengan metode hybrid hierarchical clustering via mutual cluster yaitu menggabungkan kelebihan bottom-up clustering dan kelebihan top-down clustering. Mutual cluster yakni pengelompokkan dengan jarak terbesar antara bagian dalam kelompok yang kecil dari jarak yang terpendek kepada tiap titik di luar kelompok. Dalam penelitian ini, perhitungan jarak menggunakan jarak Euclidean. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dari Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Timur tahun 2017. Perhitungan pembagian didapat dengan mencari nilai (simpangan baku dalam klaster) yang minimal dan nilai  (simpangan baku antar klaster) yang maksimal, serta digunakan perhitungan analyze of varians. Hasil pengelompokkan yang diperoleh didapatkan sebanyak sembilan kelompok dengan nilai  sebesar 725.934, nilai sebesar 1.475.978 dan nilai  sebesar 7,908.Kata Kunci: pertanian; Hybrid Hierarchical Clustering; mutual cluster; jarak Euclid; analisis variansi.

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pembangunan Dalam Konsep Kepemimpinan Partisipatif

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Wimmy Haliim
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Public ◽  
Participatory Leadership ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Writing Models ◽  
The Government

People's needs are often considered trivial by bureaucrats who sit in the government of a country. They tend to carry out and make programs or policies with top-down development, but the compatibility between what is needed by the people and what is done by the government is often different. Therefore, a more bottom-up approach must be present in the policy making process that is within the body of government. One of the goals of writing this article is the desire to strengthen the role of the community in the policy-making process that is considered important. The writing of this article uses the use of normative writing models. So that it uses a conceptual approach to explain to readers the importance of the concept of participatory leadership in development policy. Participatory leadership is leadership that bases its policy makers on a mature process of deliberation (deliberation process) by involving the public, so that development policies that are born can answer the needs and improve the socio-economic capabilities of the public. The concept of participatory leadership can be applied to every public official in the central to regional government environment, the government's goal to carry out comprehensive bureaucratic reform can be achieved. Also, the community will be far more independent and strong. The independence and strength of the community, in addition to being used to participate in the planning process, are also very much needed as an external party in monitoring and evaluating development policies. Keywords: Participation, Development Policy, Participatory Leadership Abstrak Kebutuhan rakyat seringkali dianggap hal yang sepele oleh birokrat yang duduk didalam pemerintahan sebuah negara. Mereka memiliki kecenderungan melakukan dan membuat program atau kebijakan dengan pembangunan yang bersifat top-down, namun kesesuaian antara apa yang dibutuhkan rakyat dengan yang dikerjakan oleh pemerintah sering kali berbeda. Maka dari itu, pendekatan yang lebih bottom-up harus hadir didalam proses pembuatan kebijakan yang ada didalam tubuh pemerintah. Salah satu tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah keinginan untuk memperkuat peran masyarakat dalam proses pembuat kebijakan yang dinilai penting. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan penggunaan model penulisan normatif. Sehingga didalamnya menggunakan pendekatan konseptual untuk menjelaskan kepada pembaca pentingan konsep kepemimpinan partisipatif dalam kebijakan pembangunan. Kepemimpinan partisipatif adalah kepemimpinan yang mendasarkan pembuat kebijakannya pada proses pertimbangan yang matang (proses deliberasi) dengan mengikutsertakan publik, sehingga kebijakan pembangunan yang lahir bisa menjawab kebutuhan dan meningkatkan kemampuan sosial-ekonomi publik. Konsep kepemimpinan partisipatif ini bisa diaplikasikan pada setiap pejabat publik yang ada dilingkungan pemerintahan pusat hingga daerah, tujuan pemerintah untuk melakukan reformasi birokrasi secara menyeluruh bisa tercapai. Selain itu, masyarakat akan jauh lebih mandiri dan kuat. Kemandirian dan kekuatan masyarakat, selain bisa digunakan untuk ikutserta dalam proses perencanaan, juga sangat dibutuhkan sebagai pihak eksternal dalam pengawasan hingga evaluasi kebijakan pembangunan. Kata Kunci: Partisipasi, Kebijakan Pembangunan, Kepemimpinan Partisipatif.

scholarly journals The Anxiety of Educational Reform and Innovation: Bridging of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Strategies within Practice Educational Reform of Curriculum in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beni Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Educational Reform ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Field Education ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
School Based ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Reform And Innovation ◽  
The Government

Reform and innovation are important issues in the educational field. Education is dynamic and changing depends on globalization demands. To counterbalance for these changes, there are two strategies to make education change. Top down and bottom up strategies. Top down and bottom up have advantages and disadvantages to the reform and innovation of educational. For instance, the advantage of top-down is the government have the power to make policy, do research about national curriculum and implement that policy in the education area, especially at school but for making policy, regulation, research and implement government have spent more money without significant result. In another hand, the benefit of bottom-up is the innovation of education easily to find and grow up because they have involved directly in the change in school, also understand what they need in education because the teachers and the principle have strong connection with the students and indirectly evaluate the national curriculum which is appropriate or not. Nevertheless, school community as the representative of bottom-up did not have the power to bring that innovation in the top level because there is no connecting purpose between government and school. In addition, the big effect is the top-down, bottom-up has the different points of view to look into education. Furthermore, to solve that problem, there are some approaches could be bond to both strategies such as the collaborative, negotiate, conceptual, and strategic clarification, school-based management and strong site councils. Based on several previous researchers that approach is the best option for bridging the educational purpose between top down and bottom up.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGY OF RESILIENCE STRATEGIES FOR NATURAL DISASTERS IN YOGYAKARTA CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Guruh Krisnantara ◽  
M. Sani Roychansyah
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

Urban areas in disaster prone require increased capacity in order to reduce the risk level. This study identifies resilience strategies in towards natural disasters in the village unit to obtain detailed data. This study uses field observations to find information about resilience strategies that have been carried out by the government and by the public in general and with snowball sampling techniques in each unit of analysis. Some strategies obtained were then made a typology of strategies found in several villages in the city of Yogyakarta. The results of this study are there are two types of strategies for increasing resilience in Yogyakarta, bottom-up strategy and top-down strategy. Bottom-up strategy is a strategy that was indeed initiated and carried out by the village although in the end it still cannot be separated from the role of main stakeholders, among others, is conducting disaster simulations, training in the use of emergency equipment, disaster socialization, planning, and infrastructure preparation. Top-down strategy is a strategy or policy carried out by the regional government in order to coordinate the level of resilience in the entire region of Yogyakarta, including the addition of the Kampung Tangguh Bencana (KTB), village expansion, organizing volunteers, and infrastructure development.

Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengadaan Tanah Untuk Pembangunan Bagi Kepentingan Umum di Muara Rupit Sumatera Selatan

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Farhan Nayoan ◽  
Priyo Katon Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
People Participation ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Government

Abstract: The phenomenon of people rejection that became one of the obstacles in the land acquisition for development of the public interest, was not happening in Muara Rupit Urban Village, Rupit Sub-district, North Musi Rawas Regency (Muratara), South Sumatera Province. In 2017, the land acquisition for the construction of office buildings and other supporting facilities could be done well and smoothly without any rejection from the local people whose land was exposed to the project. This research aims to know the strategy of Muratara Regency Government and people participation of Muara Rupit Urban Village to the implementation of land acquisition. This research was qualitative research with descriptive approach. The results showed that the Muara Rupit community was actively  participated in the preparation and implementation stages of land acquisition. The Government strategy were using 2 (two) approach model, top down and bottom up planning.Keywords: land acquisition, people participation, government strategy. Intisari: Fenomena penolakan masyarakat yang menjadi salah satu hambatan dalam proses pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan bagi kepentingan umum, ternyata tidak terjadi di Kelurahan Muara Rupit, Kecamatan Rupit, Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara (Muratara), Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Pada tahun 2017, pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan gedung perkantoran dan sarana pendukung lainnya justru dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan lancar tanpa adanya penolakan dari masyarakat setempat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Muratara dan partisipasi masyarakat Kelurahan Muara Rupit sehingga pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bentuk partisipasi masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Muara Rupit adalah berpartisipasi aktif dalam tahapan persiapan dan pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah. Strategi yang digunakan oleh Pemerintah mengunakan 2 (dua) model pendekatan yaitu  top down planning dan bottom up planning.Kata Kunci: pengadaan tanah, partisipasi masyarakat, strategi pemerintah.

Innovation in China’s information and communications technology industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhi Li ◽  
Kai Reimers
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ict Industry

Purpose – This paper aims to identify the sources of innovation in the current business environment of China. With the set target of transforming China into an innovative society by 2020, the Chinese government has taken dramatic measures to foster the nation’s innovation capability. Whether this Chinese model of promoting innovation has been successful and can be sustainable are controversial issues which need to be analyzed from an academic perspective. In recent years, there have been successful cases of innovation driven by grassroots entrepreneurs, especially in the information and communications technology (ICT) industry. Therefore, it is time to analyze their success factors from the perspectives of both corporate strategy and government policy. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used in this research is a comparative case analysis, and several high-profile cases in China’s ICT industry have been selected for this comparative study. Information used in the analysis comes from publicly available sources such as business school case studies and industry and news media reports. The authors have been following the evolution of China’s ICT industry for more than a decade; insights from their prior research and knowledge gained through industry contacts are also used in the analysis. Findings – Generally speaking, the types of innovation in China’s ICT industry can be categorized into a top-down or a bottom-up approach. For the top-down approach of innovation driven by the government, the authors analyzed the case of the Chinese government’s effort to build an industry value chain through fostering the Chinese indigenous third-generation mobile communications standard time division–synchronous code division multiple access. In comparison, the authors use several success cases, including the ecosystem built around the highly successful XiaoMi mobile phone and Tencent’s mobile portal WeChat, as it showcases of the bottom-up approach of innovation driven by grassroots entrepreneurship. The comparison of these two approaches suggests that massive government-sponsored projects are unlikely to generate genuine innovation in the highly competitive and dynamic ICT sector. The government’s role should be to foster entrepreneurship and to create a fair business environment. Originality/value – This research uses the method of comparative case studies to identify the source of innovation in a highly dynamic and uncertain business environment. Findings of this study shed light on the government policy toward innovation in the ICT industry and on the business firms’ strategy on innovation.

scholarly journals Developing A Smart Rural Model for Rural Area Development in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita Novi Andari ◽  
Susy Ella
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Government ◽  
Area Development

Urbanization in Indonesia tends to increase every year. In 2014, data from United Nations showed that 53 percent of Indonesia’s population lived in urban areas, and by 2050, 71 percent of Indonesia’s population is projected to be urban. The main factor determining the high rate of urbanization in Indonesia is poverty in the rural areas. Therefore, the government uses rural development approach to reduce the number of rural people migrate to urban. Nevertheless, the government has stipulated a policy about rural area development in Law number 6/2014 concerning Village. However, this policy has given none applicable development model and improved village initiative. This study used a qualitative approach with a study of documentation for collecting data and interactive analysis model for data analysis. The results showed that smart rural development model can be developed in Indonesia through an ecosystem approach, which consist of five (5) dimensions and seven (7) phases with bottom-up planning process as the main approach and the collaborative governance model as the key executor. Keywords: Rural, Rural Development, Smart Rural, Participatory   Abstrak Urbanisasi di Indonesia cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Pada tahun 2014, data dari United Nations menunjukkan bahwa 53% populasi di Indonesia tinggal di daerah perkotaan, dan pada tahun 2050 diproyeksikan akan naik menjadi 71%. Faktor utama yang menentukan tingginya tingkat urbanisasi di Indonesia adalah kemiskinan di daerah perdesaan. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah menggunakan pendekatan pembangunan perdesaan untuk mengurangi jumlah penduduk perdesaan yang bermigrasi ke perkotaan. Namun demikian, sekalipun pemerintah sudah menetapkan kebijakan pembangunan kawasan perdesaan melalui UU No 6/2014 tentang Desa, tetapi sejauh ini kebijakan tersebut belum memberikan model pembangunan yang aplikatif dan mampu menumbuhkan inisiatif desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi dokumentasi untuk pengumpulan data serta model analisis interaktif untuk analisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bawah model smart rural dapat dikembangkan di Indonesia melalui pendekatan ekosistem yang terdiri dari lima (5) dimensi dan tujuh (7) tahapan dengan proses perencanaan dari bawah ke atas (bottom-up planning process) sebagai pendekatan utama dan model tata kelola yang kolaboratif sebagai pelaksana kuncinya. Kata Kunci: Perdesaan, Pembangunan Perdesaan, Smart Rural, Partisipatif

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