scholarly journals CONTENT OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LIPID PEROXIDATION PRODUCTS IN SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS OF CARDIOMYOCYTES DURING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS IN AN EXPERIMENT AND THEIR CORRECTION BY TRANSPLANTATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Mykhaylichenko ◽  
Andrey Pilipchuk ◽  
Dmitry Parshin ◽  
Yuri Kostyamin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Subcellular Fractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Group I

Experimental modeling of myocardial infarction in rats was carried out by ligation of the anterior intergastric artery after the first division. There were 3 groups of 20 animals each: control group I — to verify normal parameters, group II — a model of myocardial infarction, and group III — animals which, after modeling myocardial infarction, underwent transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells. The level of lipid peroxidation products — diene conjugates and malondialdehyde — was studied by spectrophotometry. Comparison of the content and their ratio in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of myocardiocytes was carried out. It turned out that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells significantly levels the activation of lipid peroxidation processes in subcellular fractions of cardiomyocytes, which is accompanied by a decrease in the primary and secondary products of oxidative stress. The ratio of malondialdehyde to diene conjugates both in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes after transplantation returned to control values. This indicates the normalization of physiological processes with underlying ischemic heart damage. The results indicate the cytoprotective effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and the preservation of a larger number of cell pools, compared with the control group of animals that did not receive any treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of mesenchymal stem cells, demineralized bone graft and platelet-rich plasma on osteogenesis in rat tibia defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Zozan Erdoğmuş ◽  
Belgin Gülsün
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Rat Tibia ◽  
Demineralized Bone

Aim: Deformities of the jaw and face are often caused by infection, inflammation, and cystic and neoplastic pathological conditions. Defects with various aetiologies should be repaired promptly using the most appropriate approach to reconstruct the anatomical form. To treat defects, bone grafts with various combinations have been used. In particular, combinations including cellular products to enhance osteogenic properties have been implemented. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of different materials and cells on bone defects by using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are thought to have a positive effect on healing, demineralized bone graft (DMB) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Methodology: We used 55 female rats weighing between 200-250 g, four of which were used to obtain platelet-rich plasma. The remaining animals were divided into five groups. Group I (n = 6) was the operative control group, Group II (n = 24) was given DMB, Group III (n = 24) was given DMB+PRP, Group IV (n = 24) was given MSC+DBG and Group V (n = 24) was given DMB+PRP+MSC applied to rat tibial defects (10 mm x 3 mm x 2 mm). Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in bone osteoblastic activity in tibia defects among the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Bone regeneration was significantly improved in groups where MSCs were used in combination with DMB and PRP.   How to cite this article: Erdoğmuş Z, Gülsün B. The effect of mesenchymal stem cells, demıneralızed bone graft and platelet-rıch plasma on osteogenesıs ın rat tıbıa defects. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):47-55. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.8   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Dynamic Tracking of Injected Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Myocardial Infarction in Rats: A Serial 7T MRI Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyu Chen ◽  
Minjie Lu ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Gang Yin ◽  
Chen Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Left Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Control Group

Purpose.To track the fate of micron-sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO) labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo in a rat myocardial infarction model using 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.Materials and Methods.Male MSCs (2 × 106/50 μL) dual-labeled with MPIO and CM-DiI were injected into the infarct periphery 7 days after myocardial infarction (MI). The control group received cell-free media injection. The temporal stem cell location, signal intensity, and cardiac function were dynamically assessed using a 7T MRI at 24 h before transplantation (baseline), 3 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after transplantation, respectively.Results.MR hypointensities caused by MPIOs were observed on T2⁎-weighted images at all time points after MSCs injection. Cine-MRI showed that MSCs moderated progressive left ventricular remodeling. Double staining for iron and CD68 revealed that most of the iron-positive cells were CD68-positive macrophages. Real-time PCR for rat SRY gene showed the number of survival MSCs considerably decreased after transplantation. MSC-treated hearts had significantly increased capillary density in peri-infarct region and lower cardiomyocytes apoptosis and fibrosis formation.Conclusions.Iron particles are not a reliable marker for in vivo tracking the long-term fate of MSCs engraftment. Despite of poor cell retention, MSCs moderate left ventricular remodeling after MI.

Impact of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells That Express Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Yongming He ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Yunlong Chen ◽  
Youmei Li
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Gene Transfection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
The Impact

Transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into cardiomyocytes and may have the potential to replace necrotic cardiomyocytes resulting from myocardial infarction (MI). Here we established a method for transfection of MSCs with an expression vector encoding human vascular Eedothelial Ggowth Ffctor (hVEGF). We evaluated the impact of transplantation of transfected MSCs on the recovery cardiac function and angiogenesis in a rat model of MI. Rat MSCs were separated by density gradient centrifugation; their specific surface markers were examined as was their ability to differentiate. MSCs were then transfected with pcDNA 3.1-hVEGF 165 or control-containing liposomes. Rats in the experimental MI groups received transfected MSCs, MSCs alone, or gene-transfection alone; controls included a no intervention MI group and a group that was not subjected to ischemia. Among the results, MSCs were successfully isolated and cultured. Among the intervention groups, those that received transplantation of MSCs expressing hVEGF 165 included the smallest areas of infarction and demonstrated the best recovery of cardiac function overall. Moreover, capillary density detected in this group was significantly greater than in the control group and likewise greater than in rats transplanted with MSCs alone. BrdU and Troponin-T staining revealed differential increases in the number of viable cardiomyocytes within the infarction areas; some cardiomyocytes were double-positive. Likewise, evaluation using RT-PCR revealed higher expression levels of hVEGF in rats transplanted with transfected cells compared to those treated with gene transfection alone.

INFLUENCE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS ON EFFICIENCY OF ANGIOGENESIS, STATE OF VASCULAR TONE, INTENSITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION AND METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF CARDIOMYOCYTES IN EXPERIMENTAL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
T. V. Kravchenko ◽  
A. O. Kovalchuk ◽  
Ye. S. Akobirov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Cellular Cardiomyoplasty ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Promising Source

In contrast to medical and surgical methods of treatment of coronary heart disease and its complications, cellular cardiomyoplasty is aimed at creating new cells and stable lineages of normally functioning heart tissue. Autologous mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells are a promising source for such cardiomyoplasty. To study the effect of stem cell myocardial transplantation on the processes of its post−infarction state, acute myocardial infarction in laboratory rats was experimentally modeled with subsequent transplantation of autologous mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow and comparative study in blood serum of cardiovyocytes metabolic activity markers, neoangiogenesis, vessel tonus as well as myocardial lipid peroxidation. The cells were intravenously injected into the necrotized myocardium and left ventricle. The study found that regardless of the method of administration, stem cell transplantation contributes to a significant increase in angiogenic factors, i.e. nitrogen oxide and endothelial growth factor, a significant decrease in vasoconstrictor endothelin−1, the level of TBA−active products and haptoglobin, enzyme activity, namely cardiac ischemia markers, increase in ceruloplasmin. All this indicates positive effects: leveling ischemia by improving myocardial perfusion due to compensatory vasodilation, limiting the rate of lipid peroxidation and stimulating antioxidant factors, improving the energy balance of the myocardium by increasing the level of energy substrates and activation of their aerobic pathways. Thus, cellular cardiomyoplasty improves metabolism and prevents the process of post−ischemic myocardial remodeling. Key words: cardiomyoplasty, mesenchymal stem cells, myocardial infarction, myocardial metabolism.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells reduce both inflammation and mortality in chronic cerebral murine toxoplasmosis

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L M Elhosseiny ◽  
A F Badawy ◽  
A M Elashkar ◽  
F A Abuzahra ◽  
N M Abdelsamee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

Abstract Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are self-renewing, clonal precursors of non-haematopoietic tissues, with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BM-MSCs on chronic toxoplasmosis. BM-MSCs were isolated from 6-wk-old BALB/c donor male mice, then grown and propagated in culture until cell count was 5–8x106/ml. Female Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups: Group I (infected mice injected with BM-MSCs); Group II (infected mice treated with both BM-MSCs and conventional treatment); Group III (infected mice conventionally treated with Spiramycin-Metronidazole combination); Group IV (infection control group in which mice were infected with Me49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii) and Group V (non-infected mice injected with BM-MSCs). Histopathological examination of brain tissue and survival rate were assessed in each group. Compared to the infection control group and conventionally treated group, the infected mice injected with BM-MSCs showed less tissue damage, mild inflammatory changes in brain sections and low mortality rate. The group treated with both MSCs and conventional treatment showed unexpected sever inflammation and the highest mortality rate.

scholarly journals Plasma Homocysteine and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Moselhy ◽  
S. H. Demerdash
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Gender

Hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) has been associated with pathological and stressfull conditions and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between plasma homocysteine (hcy) and lipid peroxidation in patient with CVD. This study was carried out on 40 patients with CVD as well as 15 healthy volunteers of comparable age and gender as control group. The patients were divided into 2 groups as follows: group I, included 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction and group II, included 20 patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease with no evidence of previous myocardial infarction . Plasma hcy, nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdhyde (MDA) [as index of lipid peroxidation] were measured in all groups. In addition serum total-cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides were evaluated. Results obtained showed that, there was a significant elevation in the levels of plasma hcy, NO and MDA in groups I and II as compared to control group. There was a strong positive correlation between plasma hcy and MDA (r= 0.59,p< 0.001). Also NO was positively correlated with both hcy (r= 0.49,p< 0.001) and MDA (r= 0.51,p< 0.001) . Serum total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerids were also significantly elevated while serum HDL was significantly decreased in groups I and II as compared to control group. It can be concluded that, hyperhomocysteinemia is a possible factor in free radical generation and therefore cardiovascular diseases.

Intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function in rats with acute myocardial infarction through angiogenesis and myogenesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (6) ◽  
pp. H2670-H2676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritoshi Nagaya ◽  
Takafumi Fujii ◽  
Takashi Iwase ◽  
Hajime Ohgushi ◽  
Takefumi Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent cells that differentiate into a variety of cells, including cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. However, little information is available regarding the therapeutic potency of systemically delivered MSCs for myocardial infarction. Accordingly, we investigated whether intravenously transplanted MSCs induce angiogenesis and myogenesis and improve cardiac function in rats with acute myocardial infarction. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow aspirates of isogenic adult rats and expanded ex vivo. At 3 h after coronary ligation, 5 × 106 MSCs (MSC group, n = 12) or vehicle (control group, n = 12) was intravenously administered to Lewis rats. Transplanted MSCs were preferentially attracted to the infarcted, but not the noninfarcted, myocardium. The engrafted MSCs were positive for cardiac markers: desmin, cardiac troponin T, and connexin43. On the other hand, some of the transplanted MSCs were positive for von Willebrand factor and formed vascular structures. Capillary density was markedly increased after MSC transplantation. Cardiac infarct size was significantly smaller in the MSC than in the control group (24 ± 2 vs. 33 ± 2%, P < 0.05). MSC transplantation decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and increased left ventricular maximum dP/d t (both P < 0.05 vs. control). These results suggest that intravenous administration of MSCs improves cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction through enhancement of angiogenesis and myogenesis in the ischemic myocardium.

Abstract 367: Combined Effect of Dinitrophenol Preconditioning and Jagged-1 Over-expression in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Cardiomyogenesis and Angiogenesis in Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmat Salim ◽  
Anwar Ali ◽  
Muhammad A Akhter ◽  
Irfan Khan ◽  
Nadia Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angiogenic Growth Factors

Cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction (MI) largely depends on angiogenesis; an important physiological response that allows the heart to recover. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be utilized as a source for cardiac regeneration and angiogenesis using various preconditioning strategies. We investigated the role of cardiomyogenic and angiogenic growth factors combined with preconditioning of MSCs using 2, 4, dinitrophenol (DNP). MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and treated with DNP; an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. Based on our earlier report in which we showed that DNP treatment affect the expression of cardiomyogenic and angiogenic factors after different re-oxygenation periods, we selected jagged 1 (Jag1), neuropilin1 (Nrp1), TATA box 20 (Tbx20), and myogenin (Myo) to transfect MSCs. Rat MI models were developed through ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery and confirmed through echocardiographic evaluation 4 weeks post MI. The study was divided into different groups which include control; MI model; and MI groups that received untreated, DNP-treated, transfected-MSCs using the above mentioned growth factors and transfected and DNP-treated MSCs. Functional performance of the hearts was analyzed through echocardiography while regeneration of cardiomyocytes and angiogenesis were observed through histological examination. Significant (p<0.05) improvement in the heart function was observed in case of all treatment groups when compared with the normal MSCs. Histological examination of the heart sections 4 weeks post MI showed that MSCs home towards the site of injury. Most prominent result was observed in case of Jag1-transfected and DNP treated MSCs with heart function comparable to that of the control group. Cardiac regeneration and newly developed blood vessels were prominent in the tissue sections. Significant reduction (p<0.05) in the infarct size was also observed as compared to that in case of Myo, Tbx20 and Nrp1 groups. It is, therefore, concluded that Jag1-transfected MSCs can be a suitable angiogenic factor to be used in combination with DNP for preconditioning of MSCs for future regenerative therapy for cardiomyogenesis.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis in second-grade burn model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa Ramadan I. Abdel-Gawad ◽  
Walaa A. Moselhy ◽  
Rasha Rashad Ahmed ◽  
Hessah Mohammed Al-Muzafar ◽  
Kamal Adel Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group I

Abstract Background and aim Deleterious cutaneous tissue damages could result from exposure to thermal trauma, which could be ameliorated structurally and functionally through therapy via the most multipotent progenitor bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This study aimed to induce burns and examine the effect of BM-MSCs during a short and long period of therapy. Material and methods Ninety albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control); group II (burn model), the animals were exposed to the preheated aluminum bar at 100°C for 15 s; and group III (the burned animals subcutaneously injected with BM-MSCs (2×106 cells/ ml)); they were clinically observed and sacrificed at different short and long time intervals, and skin samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination and analysis of different wound healing mediators via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Subcutaneous injection of BM-MSCs resulted in the decrease of the wound contraction rate; the wound having a pinpoint appearance and regular arrangement of the epidermal layer with thin stratum corneum; decrease in the area percentages of ADAMs10 expression; significant downregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and microRNA-21; and marked upregulation of heat shock protein-90α (HSP-90α) especially in late stages. Conclusion BM-MSCs exhibited a powerful healing property through regulating the mediators of wound healing and restoring the normal skin structures, reducing the scar formation and the wound size.

scholarly journals OXIDATIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT PROCESSES IN THE FOCUS OF THE SKIN EXPOSED TO LOCAL ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
S. I. Myronchenko
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local ultraviolet radiation on the content of lipid peroxidation products, lipofuscin, and the functioning of antioxidant enzymes in the skin of guinea pigs. Materials and methods. The studies were performed on 24 albino guinea pigs exposed to a single local ultraviolet radiation. The control group was made up of intact animals. The content of primary (diene conjugates) and secondary (TAC-active products) lipid peroxidation products, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase), and the content of lipofuscin were assessed in the skin in 2 hours, 4 hours, and on the 3rd and 8th day following the UV irradiation. Results. Under the influence of local ultraviolet radiation, all guinea pigs develop erythema (its peak is observed in 4 hours, and on the 3rd day), which disappears on the 8th day. There is a sharp enhancement of lipid peroxidation processes due to the accumulation of lipid peroxidation primary and secondary products in the skin of guinea pigs in all periods of the experiment. In parallel with the increase in lipid peroxidation products, there is a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) in the focus of radiation. The content of lipofuscin in the skin progressively increases throughout the study period. Conclusions. The early erythema period following the local ultraviolet irradiation in the skin of guinea pigs, is characterized by increased content of diene conjugates and TBA-active products (in 2, 4 hours, on the 3rd day); decreased catalase activity and increased lipofuscin concentration (on the 3rd day after irradiation). The early post-erythema period (8th day) following the local ultraviolet irradiation is characterized by the accumulation of diene conjugates, TBA-active products and lipofuscin against the background of a decrease in the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the skin of guinea pigs.

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