scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells reduce both inflammation and mortality in chronic cerebral murine toxoplasmosis

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L M Elhosseiny ◽  
A F Badawy ◽  
A M Elashkar ◽  
F A Abuzahra ◽  
N M Abdelsamee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

Abstract Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are self-renewing, clonal precursors of non-haematopoietic tissues, with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BM-MSCs on chronic toxoplasmosis. BM-MSCs were isolated from 6-wk-old BALB/c donor male mice, then grown and propagated in culture until cell count was 5–8x106/ml. Female Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups: Group I (infected mice injected with BM-MSCs); Group II (infected mice treated with both BM-MSCs and conventional treatment); Group III (infected mice conventionally treated with Spiramycin-Metronidazole combination); Group IV (infection control group in which mice were infected with Me49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii) and Group V (non-infected mice injected with BM-MSCs). Histopathological examination of brain tissue and survival rate were assessed in each group. Compared to the infection control group and conventionally treated group, the infected mice injected with BM-MSCs showed less tissue damage, mild inflammatory changes in brain sections and low mortality rate. The group treated with both MSCs and conventional treatment showed unexpected sever inflammation and the highest mortality rate.

scholarly journals The effect of mesenchymal stem cells, demineralized bone graft and platelet-rich plasma on osteogenesis in rat tibia defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Zozan Erdoğmuş ◽  
Belgin Gülsün
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Rat Tibia ◽  
Demineralized Bone

Aim: Deformities of the jaw and face are often caused by infection, inflammation, and cystic and neoplastic pathological conditions. Defects with various aetiologies should be repaired promptly using the most appropriate approach to reconstruct the anatomical form. To treat defects, bone grafts with various combinations have been used. In particular, combinations including cellular products to enhance osteogenic properties have been implemented. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of different materials and cells on bone defects by using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are thought to have a positive effect on healing, demineralized bone graft (DMB) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Methodology: We used 55 female rats weighing between 200-250 g, four of which were used to obtain platelet-rich plasma. The remaining animals were divided into five groups. Group I (n = 6) was the operative control group, Group II (n = 24) was given DMB, Group III (n = 24) was given DMB+PRP, Group IV (n = 24) was given MSC+DBG and Group V (n = 24) was given DMB+PRP+MSC applied to rat tibial defects (10 mm x 3 mm x 2 mm). Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in bone osteoblastic activity in tibia defects among the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Bone regeneration was significantly improved in groups where MSCs were used in combination with DMB and PRP.   How to cite this article: Erdoğmuş Z, Gülsün B. The effect of mesenchymal stem cells, demıneralızed bone graft and platelet-rıch plasma on osteogenesıs ın rat tıbıa defects. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):47-55. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.8   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Modulation of gene transcription promoted by mesenchymal stem cells on cation-chloride cotransporter NKCC1 in experimental epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Zocche Junior ◽  
Isadora Ghilardi ◽  
Laura Provenzi ◽  
Gabriel Leal ◽  
Giulia Pinzetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Invasive Approach

Introduction: temporal lobe epilepsy is a disorder in which synchronized and rhythmic neural firing causes spontaneous recurrent seizures (1). Refractoriness due to this condition reaches 30% of its carriers (2,3). The search for therapeutic alternatives to help cope with this disease are extremely important. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear as a plausible treatment option, as they present a less invasive approach and due to their niche modulating character (4,5). Objectives: this study aimed to quantify the gene expression of cation-chloride cotransporter NKCC1 encoded by the SLC12A2 gene in the encephalic tissue of pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats (6,7). Design: experimental study, brain institute of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: MSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of Wistar rats, cultured, and transplanted through intravenous injection into control and epileptic Wistar rats. The rats were divided between control group, MSCs treated group, and pilocarpine group, containing 8 individuals each (8). Expression analysis was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: for both 1 day and 7 days post-transplantation, an increase in the NKCC1 expression in both control and epileptic treated groups as compared to its expression in untreated epileptic and control groups with special attention to the amygdala, the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. Conclusion: MSCs stimulated expression of NKCC1 in brain structures of rats induced by pilocarpine to epilepsy. This corroborates the hypothesis of neuroprotective effects and modulating properties of stem cells and may point to more mechanisms for investigating the functioning and collaboration of these cells as a treatment for epilepsy.

scholarly journals Platelet Microparticles Accelerate Proliferation and Growth of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Longevity-Related Genes

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 607-614
Author(s):  
Maryam Samareh Salavati Pour ◽  
Fatemeh Hoseinpour Kasgari ◽  
Alireza Farsinejad ◽  
Ahmad Fatemi ◽  
Gholamhossein Hassanshahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Population Doubling Time ◽  
Longevity Genes

Background: Due to their self-renewal and differentiation ability, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied extensively. However, the MSCs lifespan is restricted; they undergo several divisions in vitro that cause several alternations in cellular features and relatively lessens their application. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the effect of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs), a valuable source of proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), and growth factors, on the expression of hTERT, c-MYC, p16, p53, and p21 as the most important aging and cell longevity genes alongside with population doubling time (PDT) of PMP-treated cells in comparison to a control group. Methods: Umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) were used in this study, whereby they reached a confluency of 30%. MSCs were treated by PMPs (50 µg/mL), and then, PDT was determined for both groups. Quantitative expression of hTERT, c-MYC, p16, p53, and p21 was examined through quantitative real-time PCR at various intervals (i.e. after five and thirty days as well as freezing-thawing process). Results: Our results demonstrated that the treated group had a shorter PDT in comparison to the control group (P<0.050). The real-Time PCR data also indicated that PMPs were able to remarkably up-regulate hTERT and c-MYC genes expression while down-regulating the expression of p16, p21, and p53 genes (P<0.050), especially following five days of treatment. Conclusion: According to these data, it appears that PMPs are a safe and effective candidate for prolonging the lifespan of UC-MSCs; however, further investigations are needed to corroborate this finding.

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Potential of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice Premature Ovarian Failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufang Wang ◽  
Ling Yu ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Sha Mu ◽  
Changyong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Premature Ovarian Failure ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wild Type

Mesenchymal stem cells, which are poorly immunogenic and have potent immunosuppressive activities, have emerged as promising cellular therapeutics for the treatment of several diseases. Mesenchymal-like cells derived from Wharton’s Jelly, called umbilical cord matrix stem cells (UCMSCs), reportedly secrete a variety of cytokines and growth factors, acting as trophic suppliers. Here, we used UCMSCs to treat premature ovarian failure (POF). Ovarian function was evaluated by ovulation and the number of follicles. Apoptosis of the granulosa cells (GC) was analyzed by TUNEL staining. We found that after transplantation of the UCMSCs, apoptosis of cumulus cells in the ovarian damage model was reduced and the function of the ovary had been recovered. The sex hormone level was significantly elevated in mice treated with UCMSCs. The number of follicles in the treated group was higher than in the control group. Our results demonstrate that UCMSCs can effectively restore ovary functionality and reduce apoptosis of granulosa cells. We compared the RNA expression of the UCMSCs treated group with the POF model and wild-type control group and found that the UCMSC group is most similar to the wild-type group. Our experiments provide new information regarding the treatment of ovarian function failure.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Histopathological Effects on Liver Profile due to Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity of Somina on Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Aisha Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Limited research studies are reported regarding the toxicological effect of different herbal medicine already used in different countries. Objective: This research study was planned to examine the changes in liver (biochemical and histological) associated with oral administration of somina (acute and sub-acute) in rats. Methodology: Group– I served as control (saline), while other groups (II, III) were daily treated with somina at different doses of 0.285g/kg (group – II), 10g/kg/day (group – III), for 14 (set I), 21 (set II), and 30 (set III) consecutive days.  Each group contains 12 rats. During the study period, signs and behavioral changes, mortality, were observed. At the end of study period, blood sample was drawn directly from heart, for the estimation of liver enzymes: Bilirubin (BIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), Albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP). The liver was carefully dichotomized, weighed, and further processed for histopathological analysis. Results: Herbal drug somina was claimed to be practically non-toxic as in rats no mortality was recorded after the oral administration of somina (14, 21 and 30 consecutive days). Liver profile showed non-significant changes in treated group- II and III (P > 0.05), as compared to the control (group- I). The histopathological examination did not reveal any deteriorative effect. Conclusion: It was concluded that oral administration of somina did not produce any significant detrimental effects on rat liver (biochemical and histopathological parameters), even at doses of 10g/kg/day indicating its safe use.

scholarly journals CONTENT OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LIPID PEROXIDATION PRODUCTS IN SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS OF CARDIOMYOCYTES DURING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS IN AN EXPERIMENT AND THEIR CORRECTION BY TRANSPLANTATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Mykhaylichenko ◽  
Andrey Pilipchuk ◽  
Dmitry Parshin ◽  
Yuri Kostyamin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Subcellular Fractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Group I

Experimental modeling of myocardial infarction in rats was carried out by ligation of the anterior intergastric artery after the first division. There were 3 groups of 20 animals each: control group I — to verify normal parameters, group II — a model of myocardial infarction, and group III — animals which, after modeling myocardial infarction, underwent transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells. The level of lipid peroxidation products — diene conjugates and malondialdehyde — was studied by spectrophotometry. Comparison of the content and their ratio in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of myocardiocytes was carried out. It turned out that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells significantly levels the activation of lipid peroxidation processes in subcellular fractions of cardiomyocytes, which is accompanied by a decrease in the primary and secondary products of oxidative stress. The ratio of malondialdehyde to diene conjugates both in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes after transplantation returned to control values. This indicates the normalization of physiological processes with underlying ischemic heart damage. The results indicate the cytoprotective effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and the preservation of a larger number of cell pools, compared with the control group of animals that did not receive any treatment.

Modulation of renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats by a combination of ischemic preconditioning and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 936-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz M. Hussein ◽  
Nashwa Barakat ◽  
Amira Awadalla ◽  
Mahmoud M. Gabr ◽  
Sherry Khater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Ischemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The present study investigated the effects of combination of ischemic preconditioning (Ipre) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on renal ischemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury in rats. 90 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 equal groups; sham operated, control (45 min left renal ischemia), Ipre group as control group with 3 cycles of Ipre just before renal ischemia, ADMSCs-treated group (as control with ADMSCs 106 cells in 0.1 mL via penile vein 60 min before ischemia time), and Ipre + ADMSCs group as ADMCs group with 3 cycles of Ipre. Ipre and ADMSCs groups showed significant decrease in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and caspase-3 and CD45 expression in kidney and significant increase in HIF-1α, SDF-1α, CD31, and Ki67 expressions in kidney compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the Ipre + ADMSCs group showed significant decrease in serum BUN and caspase-3 and CD45 expression in kidney with significant increase in HIF-1α, SDF-1α, CD31, and Ki67 expression in kidney compared with the Ipre and ADMCs groups (p < 0.05). We concluded that Ipre potentiates the renoprotective effect of ADMSCs against renal I/R injury probably by upregulation of HIF-1α, SDF-1α, CD31, and Ki67 and downregulation of caspase-3 and CD45.

scholarly journals Berberine can amplify cytotoxic effect of radiotherapy by targeting cancer stem cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. BMT41
Author(s):  
Sanaa A El-Benhawy ◽  
Heba G El-Sheredy ◽  
Heba B Ghanem ◽  
Amira A Abo El-Soud
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Mcf 7

Aim: Our objective was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) and berberine on the expression of stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2. Materials & methods: The study involved the following groups: Group I: MCF-7 spheroids as untreated control; Group II: MCF-7 spheroids treated with IR; Group III: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine; and Group IV: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine + IR. MCF-7 spheroids’ metabolic activity and viability was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression were assayed by real time-plymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: IR and berberine treatment decreased the viability of MCF-7 spheroids and reduced OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression. Combining berberine with IR leads to a significant reduction in cell viability and OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression when compared with radiation alone treated group. Conclusion: Berberine showed to be a good candidate for further studies as a new anticancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Berberine has a radiosensitizing effect through targeting cancer stem cells.

scholarly journals Immunolocalization of Steroidogenic Enzymes (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and P450scc) in Rats with Testicular Dysfunction Treated with Mesenchymal Stem Cells-conditioned Medium

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-376
Author(s):  
Linda Miftakhul Khasanah ◽  
Teguh Budipitojo ◽  
Yuda Heru Fibrianto
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Injection Dose

About 60-80 million couples in the world are suffering from infertility disease. Infertility is a major problem in patients coping with chemotherapy. The chemotherapy process can degenerate non-target organs, especially in testes. Infertility in male or testicular dysfunction is caused by the failure of proliferation and differentiation of the spermatogenic cells. Many studies reported that mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium promoted regenerative processes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium on the cisplatin-induced testicular dysfunction by examining the immunolocalization of steroidogenic enzymes, such as 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and P450scc which are considered as markers of steroid production. All experimental animals were divided into three groups, namely the control group, mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium treated group with an injection dose of 0.2 ml/kg body weight (BW, P1), and mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium treated group with an injection dose of 0.5 ml/kg BW (P2). Cisplatin was injected into both treated groups to induce testicular dysfunction. The testicular tissues were processed by the paraffin method, then cut to a thickness of 5 µm, followed by immunohistochemical staining. The HSD3B1 immunoreactivities were found only in Leydig cells, and the intensity increased every week after the injection of mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium. The variety of weeks and groups was significantly different in the number of immunoreactive cells of HSD3B1. The results indicated a significant difference between one week after the first injection and the one week after the third and fourth injection. The findings showed a significant difference between the treated group with an injection dose of 0.2 ml/kg BW and the control group. The number of immunoreactive cells of HSD3B1 with an injection dose of 0.5 ml/kg BW was greater compared to the group that received an injection dose of 0.2 ml/kg BW. The intensity of HSD3B1 and HSD17B1 increased every week. The p450scc immunoreactive cells were only found in Leydig cells. The intensity of positive cells of p450scc in the treated group with an injection dose of 0.5 ml/kg BW was more intense, compared to the treated group with an injection dose of 0.2 ml/kg BW. The results of the current study showed that the injection of mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium can improve the regeneration of spermatogenic cells, and recover spermatogenesis proved by positive cells of HSD3B1, HSD17B1, and p450scc as markers of steroid production.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Tissue Fusion Technology Promoted Wound Healing in Porcine Bowel Anastomosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hong Pan ◽  
Ping Keun Lam ◽  
See W. Tong ◽  
Kevin K. Leung ◽  
Anthony Y. Teoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fusion Technology ◽  
Tissue Fusion ◽  
Differentiation Potential

Objective. To evaluate the possible biological effect of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with tissue fusion technology on the anastomosis. Methods. Sixteen pigs were divided into a 7 d group and 14 d group, each of which was further subdivided into an MSC-treated group and a control group. Five anastomoses per animal were established using LigaSure ForceTriad (Covidien, MA, USA), a tissue sealing system. Cell migration and tissue-specific differentiation potency, in addition to potential cytokine and genetic changes, were investigated. Results. There were no significant between-group differences in postoperative complications and anastomosis burst pressure. The number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen- (PCNA-) positive cells was significantly higher in the MSC-treated group as compared with that in the control group (P=0.021). Labeled MSCs were found in the mucosal layer, villus, and lamina propria, as well as in the lamina muscularis mucosae, where they exhibited characteristics of smooth muscle cells. Conclusions. Grafted MSCs significantly promoted epithelial and connective cell proliferation and maintained their cell migration capacity and differentiation potential in the fused anastomotic tissues, without causing severe postoperative complications.

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