The Ethics of Wasaṭīyah and the Pursuit of Gender Equality

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Etin Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Islamic Ethics ◽  
Men And Women

The paper deals with the concept of wasaṭīyah (moderation) as an ethical framework for community making and its impact on the pursuit of gender equality. Qur’an 2:143 speaks about the correlation between making a fair community (al-ummah al-wasaṭ) and piety, which is inclusive of both men and women. As both terms are intertwined, any efforts to discuss wasaṭīyah must include how Muslims relate to God and how this relationship is exercised in all areas of their lives. Given that this intersection is a matter of ethics, my paper will demonstrate that wasaṭīyah affords the inclusion of both genders as ethical agents in the pursuit of a fair community. I first discuss how the ethics of wasaṭīyah provide a framework for community building by drawing some parallels between Prophet Muhammad’s creation of a fair and inclusive community and how Muslims could embody God’s message within themselves and their communities. I then show how including women in the community-making process echoes both the Islamic ethics of moderation and the value of women as ethical agents.

scholarly journals The Ethics of Wasaṭīyah and the Pursuit of Gender Equality

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Etin Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Islamic Ethics ◽  
Men And Women

The paper deals with the concept of wasaṭīyah (moderation) as an ethical framework for community making and its impact on the pursuit of gender equality. Qur’an 2:143 speaks about the correlation between making a fair community (al-ummah al-wasaṭ) and piety, which is inclusive of both men and women. As both terms are intertwined, any efforts to discuss wasaṭīyah must include how Muslims relate to God and how this relationship is exercised in all areas of their lives. Given that this intersection is a matter of ethics, my paper will demonstrate that wasaṭīyah affords the inclusion of both genders as ethical agents in the pursuit of a fair community. I first discuss how the ethics of wasaṭīyah provide a framework for community building by drawing some parallels between Prophet Muhammad’s creation of a fair and inclusive community and how Muslims could embody God’s message within themselves and their communities. I then show how including women in the community-making process echoes both the Islamic ethics of moderation and the value of women as ethical agents.

Women and Entrepreneurship – Albanian Case

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Anna Xheka
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Women’S Entrepreneurship ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Women's Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Difference

Women’s entrepreneurship is a powerful source, regarding to the women’s economic independence and empowerment, as well as regarding employment generation, economic growth and innovation, development and the reduction of poverty as well as one of the terms of gender equality. This poster presents the situation of women's entrepreneurship in Europe in comparative terms, with special focus in Albania. The paper has a descriptive nature. Describes three different plans in comparative terms; the representation of men and women in entrepreneurship, the representation of women in entrepreneurship in different countries of Europe and of Europe as a whole, as well as compare to gender quota. Through the processing of secondary data from various reports and studies, this poster concludes that although that the gender equality goal is the equal participation of men and women in all sectors, including the entrepreneurship, in this sector, gender gap it is still deep. Another significant comparative aspect, it is the difference between full and part –time women entrepreneurship. While in full time entrepreneurship in a convince way, men are those that dominate, in part time entrepreneurship clearly it’s evident the opposite trend, women's representation is much higher. It’s very interesting the fact, that the women’s entrepreneurship in Albania, presented in a significant optimistic situation, ranking in the second place, after Greece in the European level

scholarly journals Do Women Need Women Representatives?

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Campbell ◽  
Sarah Childs ◽  
Joni Lovenduski
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Substantive Representation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Mass Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mass Level

This article analyses the relationship between the representatives and the represented by comparing elite and mass attitudes to gender equality and women’s representation in Britain. In so doing, the authors take up arguments in the recent theoretical literature on representation that question the value of empirical research of Pitkin’s distinction between substantive and descriptive representation. They argue that if men and women have different attitudes at the mass level, which are reproduced amongst political elites, then the numerical under-representation of women may have negative implications for women’s substantive representation. The analysis is conducted on the British Election Study (BES) and the British Representation Study (BRS) series.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI KESETARAAN GENDER PADA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DI SEKOLAH

AN-NISA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-510
Author(s):  
Selia Dwi Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Childhood Education

This article shows the implementation of gender equality in early childhood education in schools. Gender equality in the equality of position between men and women, without any differences with gender. Understanding gender equality in schools can make students not dominate what is their responsibility. Therefore, it is necessary to understand gender equality in schools so that students can explore their skills and abilities to be more qualified.

scholarly journals Representasi Feminisme pada Lirik Lagu Dangdut Koplo Jawa: Analisis Wacana Kritis Van Dijk (Feminism on Javanese Koplo Dangdut Songs: A Critical Discourse Analysis of van Dijk)

JALABAHASA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Herlianto A.
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Role Of Women

Penelitian ini menginvestigasi representasi feminisme pada lagu dangdut koplo Jawa. Tidak banyak yang mengkaji lagu dangdut koplo Jawa dari perspektif feminisme. Padahal, secara historis, Jawa memiliki agen-agen pergerakan untuk feminisme yang secara faktual seharusnya mempengaruhi kesusastraan dan kesenian Jawa. Ada lima lagu dalam bentuk transkrip sebagai data yang diperoleh dengan mentranskripsi lagu dangdut koplo Jawa dari YouTube. Data lalu dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis wacana kritis van Dijk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lagu-lagu dangdut koplo Jawa merepresentasikan kesetaraan perempuan terhadap laki-laki. Peran perempuan diungkapkan tidak lagi sebagai second sex, yang sepenuhnya sebagai ibu rumah tangga, tetapi mereka memiliki kesempatan untuk memilih masa depan secara independen. Sementara itu, feminisme dinyatakan secara langsung dan tidak langsung di dalam lagu dengan menggunakan bahasa kiasan dalam bentuk metafora.This research investigated the representation of feminism in Javanese koplo dangdut song. These songs have got little attention in terms of feminism representation. Meanwhile, historically, Javanese society has factual agents of movement for feminism who should be influencing to the Javanese arts and literature.There arefive transcriptions of the songs as the data which collected by transcripting the songs from YouTube. The collected data were then analysed by applying van Dijk frame work of critical discourse analysis. The results show that most of the songs present gender equality between men and women. The role of women is not only presented as the second sex or as mainly a house wife, but they have opportunities to choose their own future life independently. This condition is suggested by using indirect language or using metaphoric expressions.

scholarly journals KEPRIBADIAN WANITA JAWA DALAM SERAT SULUK RESIDRIYA DAN SERAT WULANG PUTRI KARYA PAKU BUWONO IX

LITERA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Harti Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
And Gender

This study aims to describe Javanese women’s personality in the perspective of feminism and gender equality and inequality in Serat Suluk Residriya and Serat Wulang Putri. It employed the qualitative research design and modern philology. The findings are as follows. Javanese women’s personality in Serat Suluk Residriya includes their images. Gender inequality in Serat Suluk Residriya includes subordination, woman stereotype, rights to use but not to possess, women as sexual objects, and polygamy. Gender inequality in Serat Wulang Putri shows that women must have a lot of children. Gender equality in Sera Wulang Putrishows that men and women have equal rights to be ascetic, knowledgeable, skillful, brave and great, and wealthy.

scholarly journals Master Narratives, Gender Identity, Socialization Processes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate C. McLean ◽  
Chelsea Fordham ◽  
Samantha Boggs ◽  
Staci Byers ◽  
Kristin Gudbjorg Haraldsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Master Narratives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Personal Experiences

Gender Identity and Master NarrativesThe present studies focused on the role and socialization of biographical master narratives – cultural narratives that prescribe the types and ordering of events that should occur in one’s personal life identity narrative – by focusing on adolescent and emerging adult gender identity development. We employed a combined explanatory and triangulation mixed methods design. Study 1a (n = 414) was a survey study examining the expected biographical master narrative events for men and women, and the content of master narrative deviation and conformity in an emerging adult sample. In Study 1b (n = 14) we interviewed participants from Study 1a about their conformity and deviation narratives, as well as their socialization experiences regarding gendered biographical master narratives. In Study 2 mothers and adolescents (n = 11 pairs), engaged in conversation about expected life course events, as well as a follow-up interview about their conversation. We first found that there are more gender differences in the personal experiences of conformity to and deviation from master narratives compared to the expectations of the life course (Study 1a). Second, deviating is related to more engagement in identity processes (Study 1a). Third, emerging adults report contradictions in retrospective reports of socialization messages regarding expectations (Study 1b), a finding confirmed in a discourse analysis of mothers and their adolescents (Study 2). Overall, across the studies, we see that 1) adolescents and emerging adults are engaged in a delicate balance of negotiating between various cultural and familial messages, as well as personal experiences, about gender identity particularly in regards to gender equality and, 2) there is a complex relation between socialization messages about gender equality that may make some biographical master narratives about the expected life course events for men and women more resistant to change.

scholarly journals Jak politycy mówią o równouprawnieniu płci? Debata nad projektem ustawy o równym statusie kobiet i mężczyzn

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Magdalena Saryusz-Wolska
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Equal Status ◽  
Basic Mode ◽  
Equality Rights ◽  
And Gender

The main purpose of the article is to analyse the language and argumentation used by Polish politicians in debates on equality and gender equality rights. The material analysed in the article includes shorthand records gathered in the internet archives of the Sejm and the Senate during legislative works on the bill on the equal status of men and women. The conclusion, drawn after the analysis, supports the initial theses of the authors (Marek Czyżewski, Sergiusz Kowalski, Andrzej Piotrowski), who claimed that the basic “mode of public discourse” in Poland is the so-called “ritual chaos”, which manifests a lack of will of agreement and ostentatious self-presentation. During the debate the MPs defined the key words such as “equality” and “parity” in various manner, they marginalised the problem of discrimination of sexes and showed a lack of professionalism in their presentations. It was surprising to see one of the strongest voices against the bill presented by the representative of the “Platforma Obywatelska”, which normally claims liberalism and equality. Meanwhile, the most rational and balanced views and arguments for equality of rights for women were presented by a representative of the “Samoobrona”.

scholarly journals Alternative sources of data on the level of employment of Russian women in entrepreneurship

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
Aysylu Ilimbetova
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Women In Business ◽  
Structure Of Population ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Social Structuring

Development of the market economy and changes in the principles of social structuring of society lead to the fact that the concept of gender equality goes beyond the labor market and begins to spread to other spheres of public relations, for example, entrepreneurship. However, to obtain empirical data to understand the extent of participation of men and women in business, it is not sufficient to conduct surveys or censuses, because they do not specialize in such information and provide data only on forms of employment (for hire and not for hire). The article deals with the possibilities of using administrative sources of information (the Unified register of small and medium-sized businesses) and the SPARK information base to obtain gender statistics and assess gender equality on the example of women's entrepreneurship in Russia. The main advantage of these sources of information is the possibility of extracting data on the activities of Russian entrepreneurs, for which information is not provided by the statistical collections of Rosstat. Calculations of the author make it possible to establish existence in the Russian business of gender differentiation in entrepreneurship, formation of employment niches assigned to each sex that allows us to speak about the specific features of the Russian business. Thus, women are concentrated in micro- and small businesses; they are mainly engaged in the socially important services—health care and education, other individual services; they are prone to less risky and less innovative spheres, such as trade and services; there are similarities between the structure of entrepreneurship, employment as employees and the professional structure of population.

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