scholarly journals Do Women Need Women Representatives?

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Campbell ◽  
Sarah Childs ◽  
Joni Lovenduski
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Substantive Representation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Mass Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mass Level

This article analyses the relationship between the representatives and the represented by comparing elite and mass attitudes to gender equality and women’s representation in Britain. In so doing, the authors take up arguments in the recent theoretical literature on representation that question the value of empirical research of Pitkin’s distinction between substantive and descriptive representation. They argue that if men and women have different attitudes at the mass level, which are reproduced amongst political elites, then the numerical under-representation of women may have negative implications for women’s substantive representation. The analysis is conducted on the British Election Study (BES) and the British Representation Study (BRS) series.

From on High: The Effect of Elite Polarization on Mass Attitudes and Behaviors, 1972–2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua N. Zingher ◽  
Michael E. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Political Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Policy Space ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Mass Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mass Level

Though there is widespread scholarly consensus that American political elites have become increasingly ideologically polarized, there remains debate about how the mass electorate has responded to the increase in polarization at the elite level. This article shows that as party elites have become more polarized, individuals have become better able to identify the party that best matches their own ideological positions, thereby contributing to polarization at the mass level. Using forty years of ANES and DW-NOMINATE data to test this argument, it was found that the relationship between a voter’s position in policy space and their political behavior is indeed conditional upon polarization at the elite level. This finding demonstrates how changes in elite polarization translate to behavioral changes on the mass level.

Electoral Systems and the Substantive Representation of Marginalized Groups: Evidence from Women’s Issue Bills in South Korea

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110282
Author(s):  
Yesola Kweon ◽  
Josh M. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Electoral Rules ◽  
Substantive Representation ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Representation Systems ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
The Relationship

How do electoral rules shape the substantive representation of traditionally underrepresented groups? Using an original dataset of introduced and passed bills in the Korean National Assembly, which has both single-member districts and proportional representation, we examine the extent to which institutions condition the relationship between lawmaker gender and the substantive representation of women. While women lawmakers engage in higher levels of substantive representation of women, proportional representation allows both women and men to introduce more women’s issue bills than their counterparts elected through single-member districts. Furthermore, legislators elected through proportional representation are more effective at achieving passage of women’s issue legislation when compared with those elected in single-member districts, and this effect is especially pronounced for men. Our findings show that electoral systems matter for the representation of marginalized groups and that proportional representation systems allow both female and male politicians to increase their substantive representation of women.

What Drives Women’s Substantive Representation in Muslim-Majority Countries? Lessons from Turkey

2020 ◽  
pp. 106591292094813
Author(s):  
Alper T. Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Gender And Politics ◽  
Substantive Representation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

Although a voluminous literature has studied the substantive representation of women, these studies have largely been confined to advanced democracies. Similarly, studies that focus on the relationship between Islam and women’s rights largely ignored the substantive representation of women in Muslim-majority countries. As one of the first studies of its kind, this article investigates the role of religion in the substantive representation of women by focusing on a Muslim-majority country: Turkey. Using a novel data set of 4,700 content coded private members’ bills (PMBs) drafted in the Turkish parliament between 2002 and 2015, this article synthesizes competing explanations of women’s representation in the Middle East and rigorously tests the implications of religion, ideology, critical mass, and labor force participation accounts. The results have significant implications for the study of gender and politics in Muslim-majority countries.

Israeli Attitudes on Synagogue and State

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Blackstone ◽  
Tetsuya Matsubayashi ◽  
Elizabeth A. Oldmixon
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Public Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Religious Observance ◽  
National Election Study ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Mass Attitudes ◽  
Mass Level

AbstractThis article investigates the attitudes of Israeli Jews on the proper relationship between religion and the state, using data from the 2009 Israeli National Election Study. Specifically we test whether association with the secular or religious communities structures mass attitudes on this important dimension of Israeli politics. Mass level disagreement in this area dates back to the pre-state period and represents a longstanding cleavage in Zionist thought and Israeli politics. We find that mass attitudes toward religion and public life are associated with religious observance and identification with religious parties and social groups.

scholarly journals Kesetaraan dan Keadilan Gender Dalam Usaha Tani Padi Di Desa Tobing Julu Kec Huristak Kab Padang Lawas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90
Author(s):  
Risalan Basri Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Village Community ◽  
The Relationship

Rice is one of the main agricultural commodities in Tobing Julu Village, Huristak District, Padang Lawas Regency. Rice farming business in general is the main source of livelihood of the local village community. Men and women each play an important role in managing the rice farming, starting from seeds, plowing, planting, matching, fertilizing, harvesting, lifting from the paddy fields to the roadside to be brought home, cleaning the rice (airing). There is still a gap between women and men. then women experience subordination experiencing multiple workloads. Thus the purpose of this study is to analyze the extent of the relationship between farmers' socioeconomic factors (gender, age and level of education) with gender relations in the division of labor and household gender equality in Tobing Julu Village and to analyze the division of labor between men and women related to local socio-cultural aspects. The location of this research is Tobing Julu Village, Huristak District, Padang Lawas Regency. The results of the analysis show that gender inequalities in the form of subordination and multiple workloads still occur for women, especially in farming as one of the main commodities to fulfill the family's needs

Gleichberechtigung und Demokratie, Gleichberechtigung in der Demokratie

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

This conference transcript collects the lectures given at the interdisciplinary conference on gender equality and democracy, which took place in Hamburg in December 2017. The book addresses the issue of gender quotas for parliaments, elected committees in public administration and federal courts. While Germany celebrates the 100th anniversary of women's suffrage in 2018/19, women are still underrepresented at top level positions in politics. The current political debate seeks effective options to increase the representation of women. Binding quotas promise a solution and promote the constitutional and international legal goal of gender equality. However, legal quotas for public elections affect the principle of democracy. The contributions in this book shed light on the relationship between the principle of democracy and gender equality, and present different approaches for a more thorough understanding of democratic representation and legitimacy. With contributions by Sigrid Boysen, Brun-Otto Bryde, Pascale Cancik, Silke R. Laskowski, Ulrike Lembke, Anna Katharina Mangold, Hans-Jürgen Papier, Stephan Rixen, Gary S. Schaal, Astrid Wallrabenstein, Joachim Wieland

scholarly journals RELASI JENDER DALAM PERSPEKTIF PESANTREN

Dialog ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Iyoh Mastiyah
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Some people understand and practice the relationship of men and women are not equal. Men are often perceived as superior to women. Therefore, the relation of men and women continues to be debate among the public, especially in Islamic thought, even as the seriousness of the pesantren kyai makes gender relations as the central discourse. In this regard, this paper will discuss how gender relations in the perspective of Islamic boarding school (pesantren)? KEY WORDS:gender relation, Islamic boarding school, Islamic thought, gender equality.

scholarly journals Gender Relations among Indian Couples in the UK and India: Ideals of Equality and Realities of Inequality

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Twamley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Marital Equality ◽  
Gendered Roles ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Normative Constraints ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores young heterosexual Indian Gujaratis’ ideals and experiences of intimate relationships in the UK and India, focusing particularly on gender relations. Men and women in both contexts had similar aspirations of intimacy, but women were likely to be more in favour of egalitarian values. What this meant was interpreted differently in India and the UK. In neither setting, however, was gender equality fully realised in the lives of the participants due to both structural and normative constraints. Despite this gap between ideals and experiences, participants portrayed their relationships as broadly equal and conjugal. It appears that the heavy emphasis on love and intimacy is making it difficult for women to negotiate a more egalitarian relationship with their partner, since any ‘flaw’ in the relationship potentially brings into question its loving foundations. In this way, women tend to ignore or justify the gendered roles and inequalities apparent in their relationships and paint a picture of blissful marital equality despite evidence to the contrary.

scholarly journals Can Labor Make Women Happier?The Relationship Between Labor Time, Cross-generational Care and Women’s Subjective Well-being——A Research Based on CFPS (2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Guangyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Labor Time ◽  
Family Culture ◽  
The Relationship

Marxism women-theory advocates women to achieve gender equality and liberation through employment. But due to the influence of culture，if the promotion of female employment, women may face the dual pressure of housework and work, that is, the promotion of female employment may deviate from the ruling effect of people’s happiness. This study aims to explore the relationship between labor time, cross-generational care and women’s subjective well-being by using the data of CFPS (2016). Findings are as follow. Firstly, the time spent on housework differs between men and women, and the burden of housework still falls on women. Secondly, women’s employment reduces women’s subjective well-being to a certain extent, but this effect turns into a positive one under the moderating effect of cross-generational care. China’s family culture weakens the negative impact of the increase in working hours of women to a certain extent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document