scholarly journals LEXICAL AND PHRASEOLOGICAL PARADIGMATICS OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE: MADELEINE DE PROUST

Author(s):  
I.I. Kushakova

The article is devoted to the linguocultural analysis of the idiom madeleine de Proust in modern French. The analysis is based on lexicographic data, component analysis method and text semantic analysis. Using the method of linguocultural decoding they find out emotional and sensual, ethical, aesthetic informations; archetypal, mythological, religious, philosophical and scientific informations, which are the deep foundations of the meaning of a phraseological unit. In the unit madeleine de Proust , the basic types of information are religious and philosophical. The first is associated with the polysemantic inner form of the word Madeleine. It is a nominative name - it means the name of a flour product and a proper name - Madeleine was the name of the girl who invented this culinary dish; this word is associated with the images of Magdalen-sinner and St. Mary-Magdalene, which is reflected in the phraseological system of the French language; with proper name Saint-Jacques, which is used to describe the subject of the material world, and accompanies the writer’s life, the hero in the novel. The philosophical type of information is associated with Proust’s reflections, signs, philosophy, with the concepts of the voluntary and involuntary memory. And all these were pushed by the sensual-emotional information. The polysemous word madeleine in the semantic space of the literary text thanks to the talent of the writer, his emotional and sensual experiences, his stream of consciousness, expanded its meaning and became one of the components of the new language unit madeleine de Proust .

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
William A. Cohen

Vanity Fair (1848) famously opens with a departure. As Becky Sharpe flounces off from Miss Pinkerton's academy, she takes leave of her patron by telling her “in a very unconcerned manner … and with a perfect accent, ‘Mademoiselle, je viens vous faire mes adieux.’” Miss Pinkerton, we learn, “did not understand French, she only directed those who did: but biting her lips and throwing up her venerable and Roman-nosed head … said, ‘Miss Sharp, I wish you a good morning’” (7). This performance of befuddlement on the part of a respectable schoolmistress bespeaks a whole collection of Victorian cultural norms about language competence in general and about the French language in particular. Even though the action is set in a period when Becky's speaking “French with purity and a Parisian accent … [was] rather a rare accomplishment” (11), the novel was written for a mid-nineteenth-century audience that could mainly count on middle-class young ladies to have acquired this degree of refinement—or at least to aspire to do so.


Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Chubur

The article considers the issues of further development of the methodological base of comparative linguistic-conceptual studies, contrastive linguistics and lexicography. It describes and illustrates an integrated, comprehensive and holistic methodology of the lexical-conceptual-semantic analysis of one culturally significant fragment of the semantic space of English and Russian represented in this study by the cultural concept КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ЧЕЛОВЕК / CULTURED PERSON. This analysis is presented in the form of a complete algorithm for the comparative study of the chosen national conceptual spheres (known in Russian Cultural Linguistics as conceptospheres). The algorithm includes a sequence of about 25 “steps” aimed to reveal step by step all the convergent and divergent characteristics of the lexical units that name the cultural concepts under study.


2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Joanna Cymbrykiewicz

ABSTRACT The paper discusses the issue of the contemporary Danish biographical novel, its identity and condition on the example of Peer Hultberg’s work on Chopin’s childhood, Preludes. The author of the article argues that the novel diverts to a large extent from the traditionally formulated principles which govern the genre of a biographical novel. In order to demonstrate it, the author analyses the text using the following criteria as a sort of a litmus test of the work’s “biographical provenance”: chronologically structured plot, objectivity and the protagonist’s development. As expected, the Preludes does not meet any of the above expectations towards a biographical novel, which proves that the work can be recognized as a postmodernist literary biography. The structure consisting of fragments, narration in the form of stream-of-consciousness and lack of milestones in the protagonist’s life are the primary features of the new genre which is seen as inherent in postmodernist tendencies, in particular those formulated by Jean-Francois Lyotard and Zygmunt Bauman.


Author(s):  
L. V. Korobko

The article analyzes features of the proper name of Ludwig van Beethoven as well as represents its intentional use in the process of verbalization of the phenomenon “Music” (based on the novel “A Clockwork” by Orange A. Burgess). On the basis of a stage-by-stage research three models of the proper name Ludwig van Beethoven within the anthroponomical field of the literary discourse of A. Burgess were allocated: MODEL I [Personal name]; MODEL II [Surname]; MODEL III [Surname + Work of Art]. The use of the model [Personal name] – Ludwig van is prepotent and reflects the main character’s personal attitude towards the composer. Functional meanings of the proper name are defined, 4 lexical portraits of Beethoven are allocated: physiological, psychological, emotional and intellectual. Positive and negative signs of Beethoven are expressed by means of evaluative lexicon and antinomies in the analyzed novel. The positive characteristic of the composer prevails, which is connected with the greatness of his figure and is motivated by the main character’s affection to Beethoven. Beethoven’s educational, noble features belong to positive signs. Negative signs of the composer’s personality are reflected in his emotional and intellectual portraits as he is represented as a gloomy, angry, mad person. In Anthony Burgess’s novel “A Clockwork Orange” both universal and specific features of Ludwig van Beethoven are represented. The universal features include physical characteristics of the musician (deafness, long flying hair, etc.), and also recognition of genius of the composer and his creations. Beethoven’s character belongs to the sphere of universal and specific features. The fact of the detached, lonely lifestyle of the musician, his severe, gloomy character, which was caused by his disease, is wellknown. Annoyance, rage, hidden threat, penetrating look are the specific features which are allocated to Beethoven by the author of the novel A. Burgess.


Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
O. V. Ramantova

Introduction. The present paper aims at describing the results of researching the axiological aspect of the category “intelligent travel” functioning in the English language travel discourse. The relevance of the research is defined, firstly, by continuously developing tourist industry and the emergence of new tourist concepts which are embodied in numerous travel editions and, secondly, by insufficient knowledge of axiological aspect of certain travel-genres. The research is completed within the anthropooriented paradigm of linguistic studies and thus contributes to the development of this approach. The novelty of the study lies in revealing specific values represented in intelligent travel-texts and forming a special value line.Methodology and sources. The research is based on the English language texts about travelling. National Geographic was used as the main source of material. For the selection of travel texts, the continuously sampling method was used. The general methodology of studying the “intelligent/slow travel” concept also includes the method of semantic analysis, the method of semantic-stylistic analysis, elements of communicative-pragmatic analysis.Results and discussion. The results of the study include the description of the content of the intelligent travel category, the review of existing types of values, and the description of basic meanings forming the value picture of the world in travel-texts of this genre – sensory values, aesthetic values, morally-ethical and rationalistic value meanings. Within this research it is important to consider “anti-value” which is represented predominantly in texts about wildlife conservation and which enhances the pragmatic impact of the text on the reader. The result of the study is the conclusion about certain language specific of the category of intelligent travelling which is actualized through special value prism.Conclusion. The study reveals the specificity of the value paradigm of slow/intelligent travel texts. The semantic space of texts about intelligent travelling is filled with certain value markers in total constructing the value picture of the world through the prism o f which the travelling and experiencing author expresses not only his own vision of things, but the moral side of life aspects. The chosen methodology can be applied for further research and similar studies of other genres of travel-discourse.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-95
Author(s):  
Ivan V. Kuzin

The article offers an interpretation and analysis of the novel My Name Be Gantenbein, allowing to find an explanation to the genre uncertainty of the work of the Swiss writer M. Frisch. Due to the non-linear stylistics of the narrative, the image of Gantenbein eludes an unambiguous classification in terms of moral and ethical problematics lying on the surface. The hero of the novel turns into a methodological principle that clarifies the fundamental existences of life. In classical tradition, these included the concepts of freedom and law, truth and lies, truth and deception, game and life. The complicated plot makes Gantenbein a functional representative of both freedom and blind law. They create semantic space of self-organizing life. As a result, the character is endowed with properties of a trickster, because he accepts the complexity of such a life at the level of his existence. The investigation reveals that the game, roles and masks create the ideological basis of the story. This framework directs the reader to perceive life in its everyday manifestations, contributing to the development of an antidote to escapism.


Author(s):  
С.М. Кравцов ◽  
Т.Л. Черноситова

Постановка задачи. Исследование билингвальных художественных произведений, созданных писателями-транслингвами, использующими несколько языков в своей творческой деятельности, является одной из наиболее актуальных проблем теории языка, в частности таких ее областей, как социолингвистика, стилистика, язык и социум, язык и культура. Подобные произведения, переведённые автором с одного языка на другой и адресованные представителям разных этнических сообществ, носят лингвосоциокультурный характер, который достигается писателем посредством создания интертекста, содержащего внутритекстовые вкрапления, основанные на аллегориях, реминисценциях, аллюзиях, цитациях и аппликациях. При этом аппликации принадлежит весьма важная роль в решении задачи формирования лингвокультурного диалога в билингвальном романе. Результаты исследования. Во франкоязычной версии романа Нэнси Хьюстон «Cantique des plaines», созданной в результате осуществленного ею самоперевода англоязычного романа «Plainsong», выявлено много текстовых аппликаций в виде фрагментов песен, с помощью которых автор формирует лингвокультурный диалог, а также создает не только смысловой, но и музыкальный фон произведения. Установлено, что с целью формирования лингвокультурного диалога в билингвальном романе аппликации в виде отрывков песен могут не совпадать в англоязычной и франкоязычной версиях. Данный эффект достигается во франкоязычной версии благодаря использованию цитат с расширением их посредством сочетаний слов; использованию лексем с более конкретным, точным значением, чем у их английских аналогов; использованию паронимов их английских аналогов; использованию дословного перевода песен с английского языка на французский; использованию включения в перевод на французский язык строфы из англоязычной песни с сохранением при переводе рифмы без искажения исходного смысла самой песни. Выводы. Результаты исследования позволяют сделать вывод о том, что аппликация песенных фрагментов в романе Нэнси Хьюстон «Cantique des plaines» / «Plainsong» является довольно продуктивным стилистическим приемом и имеет несколько видов реализации в зависимости от потребности автора в создании определенного смыслового, эмоционального и музыкального фона произведения. Благодаря широкому использованию и адекватному выбору писателем-транслингвом того или иного вида аппликации она служит эффективным способом формирования лингвокультурного диалога в билингвальном романе Нэнси Хьюстон «Cantique des plaines» / «Plainsong. Problem statement. The study of bilingual novels created by translingual writers who use several languages in their creative activities is one of the most urgent problems of language theory, specifically in such areas as sociolinguistics, stylistics, language and society, language and culture. Such works, translated by the author from one language to another and addressed to representatives of different ethnic communities, are of a linguistic and socio-cultural nature, which is achieved by the writer through the creation of an intertext containing intra-textual inclusions based on allegories, reminiscences, allusions, citations and applications. At the same time, the application plays a very important role in problem solving of forming a linguistic and cultural dialogue in a bilingual novel. The results of the study. In the French-language version of Nancy Huston's novel «Cantique des plaines», created as a result of self-translation of the English-language version of her novel «Plainsong», many text applications in the form of fragments of songs are revealed, by means of which the author forms a linguistic and cultural dialogue, and creates not only a semantic, but also a musical background of the novel. It is established that in order to form a linguistic and cultural dialogue in a bilingual novel, applications in the form of song fragments may not coincide in the English and French versions. This effect is achieved in the French-language version through the use of citations with their extension by word combinations; the use of lexemes with a more specific, accurate meaning than their English counterparts; the use of paronyms of their English counterparts; the use of a literal translation of songs from English into French; the use of including a stanza from an English-language song in the translation into French, while preserving the rhyme without distorting the original meaning of the song itself. Conclusion. The results of the analysis lead to the conclusion that the application of song fragments in Nancy Huston's novel «Cantique des plaines» / «Plainsong» is a rather productive stylistic technique and has several types of implementation, depending on the author's need to create a certain semantic, emotional and musical background of the work. Due to the wide use and adequate choice of a particular type of application by a translingual writer, it serves as an effective way of forming a linguistic and cultural dialogue in Nancy Huston's bilingual novel «Cantique des plaines» / «Plainsong». The results of the study indicate that it is relevant not only for the theory of language, but also for Romance and Germanic linguistics.


Author(s):  
Daniel Danso Essel ◽  
Ben-Bright Benuwa ◽  
Benjamin Ghansah

Sparse Representation (SR) and Dictionary Learning (DL) based Classifier have shown promising results in classification tasks, with impressive recognition rate on image data. In Video Semantic Analysis (VSA) however, the local structure of video data contains significant discriminative information required for classification. To the best of our knowledge, this has not been fully explored by recent DL-based approaches. Further, similar coding findings are not being realized from video features with the same video category. Based on the foregoing, a novel learning algorithm, Sparsity based Locality-Sensitive Discriminative Dictionary Learning (SLSDDL) for VSA is proposed in this paper. In the proposed algorithm, a discriminant loss function for the category based on sparse coding of the sparse coefficients is introduced into structure of Locality-Sensitive Dictionary Learning (LSDL) algorithm. Finally, the sparse coefficients for the testing video feature sample are solved by the optimized method of SLSDDL and the classification result for video semantic is obtained by minimizing the error between the original and reconstructed samples. The experimental results show that, the proposed SLSDDL significantly improves the performance of video semantic detection compared with state-of-the-art approaches. The proposed approach also shows robustness to diverse video environments, proving the universality of the novel approach.


Author(s):  
Guoliang Fan ◽  
Yi Ding

Semantic event detection is an active and interesting research topic in the field of video mining. The major challenge is the semantic gap between low-level features and high-level semantics. In this chapter, we will advance a new sports video mining framework where a hybrid generative-discriminative approach is used for event detection. Specifically, we propose a three-layer semantic space by which event detection is converted into two inter-related statistical inference procedures that involve semantic analysis at different levels. The first is to infer the mid-level semantic structures from the low-level visual features via generative models, which can serve as building blocks of high-level semantic analysis. The second is to detect high-level semantics from mid-level semantic structures using discriminative models, which are of direct interests to users. In this framework we can explicitly represent and detect semantics at different levels. The use of generative and discriminative approaches in two different stages is proved to be effective and appropriate for event detection in sports video. The experimental results from a set of American football video data demonstrate that the proposed framework offers promising results compared with traditional approaches.


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