scholarly journals Biomedyczny i społeczny model niepełnosprawności w perspektywie filozoficznej

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pezdek
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Georges Canguilhem ◽  
The Individual

The author’s aim is to support the hypothesis that what is considered the norm (normal, normality) is of fundamental importance in shaping the biomedical and social model of disability. The content of that norm largely determines whether an individual in society will be classified as a person with or without a disability. All norms concerning health and functioning have their source in axiological considerations of set ideas about the human body and society. In this sense, the norms do not reflect the entire phenomenon of disability, which they standardize. At most they reflect how it is treated by social institutions (the authorities) in a given time and place and what consequences this has for the development of the individual with a disability (the problem of emancipation). The theoretical basis for these thoughts is the philosophical perspective proposed by Georges Canguilhem, Jürgen Habermas, and Michel Foucault.

Conceptualising dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-198
Author(s):  
Alisoun Milne
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

The way dementia is conceptualised influences the wellbeing and treatment of people living with the condition. The traditional neuro-degenerative model has increasingly been challenged. Significant contributions include the 1970’s concepts of malignant social psychologv and personhood, the 1990’s drive to engage with the social model of disability, and the recent development of the social citizenship approach. Not only has this new paradigm widened the conceptual lens through which dementia is viewed but it has incorporated issues, beyond the biomedical, that extend our understanding of dementia as a situated condition and lived experience. It is situated in relationships, a lifecourse and a socio-political context and is shaped by inequalities and limited engagement with rights and social justice. Dementia is a multi-dimensional phenomenon and requires a response that addresses its clinical, psychological, social and political dimensions. The new paradigm helps re-focus policy, care and research on the person rather than the condition; relocates the ‘problem’ from the individual to societal structures, attitudes, policy and services; demands new forms of critical practice; and engages with the perspectives of people living with dementia. Whilst there are dementia specific policies in the UK they have limited legal traction and are not integrated with other relevant policies.

scholarly journals The Social Model of Disability and Music Therapy: Practical Suggestions for the Emerging Clinical Practitioner

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gross
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability ◽  
The Individual

More and more music therapists are becoming aware of the social model of disability. The social model of disability maintains that the locus of disability rests in the capacity for society to create barriers for people with physical or mental differences. Much of music therapy practice still invests in the medical model of disability, which maintains that disability is an inherent personal flaw in the individual which requires remediation. This paper argues that music therapy practice should adopt the social model of disability, and maintains that, in particular, music-centered music therapy is one theory of music therapy that resonates well with the social model of disability. The paper includes advice for the emerging music therapy clinician on how better to incorporate social model of disability perspectives in practice based on the work of previous scholars who have written extensively about the social model.

Disability disclosure: categorical and cultural difficulties HETL Scotland 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-193
Author(s):  
Armineh Soorenian
Keyword(s):  
Social Model ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Inclusive Practice ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
The Individual

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze a group of disabled students’ views and feelings on disclosing the nature of their impairments by applying via Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS, 2016), using a numerical coding system. The adequacy of “disability” categories on both university and UCAS forms, and related sensitive issues will be central to this paper. Design/methodology/approach Thus, the author will visit the debates surrounding the two contrasting models of “disability”, namely, the individual medical and the social model of “disability”. The associated advantages and disadvantages that are ensued will be examined. Findings This paper will conclude by offering inclusive solutions to disclosure, which are sensitive to both impairment and cultural-related issues and encourage disclosure from students with a wide range of impairments. The benefits of all-encompassing inclusive practice and the resulting wider implications for the student population at large will, therefore, be highlighted. Originality/value There is an acute shortage of similar kinds of research conducted on disabled international students’ experiences of disclosure, which make the current work timely and original.

Disability, Society, and Personal Transformation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Sean Aas
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
Personal Transformation ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Response ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Symbolic Resources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bodily Difference

The social model of disability claims that disadvantage from disability is primarily a result of the social response to bodily difference. Social modellers typically draw two normative conclusions: first, that society has a responsibility to address disability disadvantage as a matter of justice, not charity; second, that the appropriate way of addressing this disadvantage is to change social institutions themselves, to better fit for bodily difference, rather than to normalize bodies to fit existing institutions. This paper offers a qualified defense of both inferences. Social institutions have reasons of justice to fix disability disadvantage, because the choice of institutions that contingently favor those whose bodies are statistically typical incurs responsibilities to compensate those who disfavored, in that choice. Among other things, this responsibility implies that societies should not simultaneously materially disadvantage disabled people, and also withhold symbolic resources, by demanding a presumption in favor of personal transformation – thereby, undermining the social conditions for disability pride.

scholarly journals Tactile Maps and New Technologies for Blind and People with Visual Impairments

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Maria I. Gkanidi ◽  
Athanasios Drigas,
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Tactile Maps ◽  
The Individual

Until recently, the medical model of disability has dominated, but times and views change so that the model of social inclusion is now the guideline. It is therefore the broad acceptance of the social model of disability that leads to these changes and assistive technology is the main tool that allows social inclusion. In this paper an attempt is made to investigate greek and international bibliography regarding the design, the use and the effectiveness of haptic maps. This bibliographic research is divided into two main parts, each of whom divided into sub-chapters. The first part includes definitions and researches related to the structure, form and operation of the tactile maps and, more generally, of the individual characteristics taken into account in their creation. In the second part, there is a brief presentation of the new technologies for the blind and visually impaired people.

Organizing Things in Dickens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Auyoung
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Bleak House ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Concrete Objects ◽  
Comprehension Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

This chapter demonstrates how the organization of narrative information can shape a reader’s impression of what is represented. It focuses on two ways in which concrete objects are arranged in Charles Dickens’s Bleak House: as specific members of general categories and as part of causally connected narrative structures. Dickens relies on these representational strategies to capture a scale of reality no longer suited to the individual human body. In doing so, he also reveals that the realist novel’s conventional commitment to individual experience at the scale of concrete particulars reflects constraints on the comprehension process.

Lessons from the Experience of U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Addressing the Democratic Deficit in Global Health Governance

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Lord ◽  
David Suozzi ◽  
Allyn L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (the CRPD or the Convention), adopted on December 13, 2006, and entered into force on May 3, 2008, constitutes a key landmark in the emerging field of global health law and a critical milestone in the development of international law on the rights of persons with disabilities. At the time of its adoption, the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights heralded the CRPD as a rejection of the understanding of persons with disabilities “as objects of charity, medical treatment and social protection” and an embrace of disabled people as “subjects of rights.”The text of the Convention itself, and the highly participatory process by which it was negotiated, signal a definitive break from previous international approaches that focused on disability within a medical model framework. In contrast to traditional approaches, the CRPD embraces a social model of disability, concentrating the disability experience not in individual deficiency, but in the socially constructed environment and the barriers that impede the participation of persons with disabilities in society.

The Crisis of Becoming-Nature in Howard Barker’s Recent Dramas

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
Karoline Gritzner
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
The Self ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Late Style ◽  
Life Force ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis article discusses how in Howard Barker’s recent work the idea of the subject’s crisis hinges on the introduction of an impersonal or transpersonal life force that persists beyond human agency. The article considers Barker’s metaphorical treatment of the images of land and stone and their interrelationship with the human body, where the notion of subjective crisis results from an awareness of objective forces that transcend the self. In “Immense Kiss” (2018) and “Critique of Pure Feeling” (2018), the idea of crisis, whilst still dominant, seems to lose its intermittent character of singular rupture and reveals itself as a permanent force of dissolution and reification. In these plays, the evocation of nonhuman nature in the love relationships between young men and elderly women affirms the existence of something that goes beyond the individual, which Barker approaches with a late-style poetic sensibility.

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