Disability disclosure: categorical and cultural difficulties HETL Scotland 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-193
Author(s):  
Armineh Soorenian
Keyword(s):  
Social Model ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Inclusive Practice ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
The Individual

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze a group of disabled students’ views and feelings on disclosing the nature of their impairments by applying via Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS, 2016), using a numerical coding system. The adequacy of “disability” categories on both university and UCAS forms, and related sensitive issues will be central to this paper. Design/methodology/approach Thus, the author will visit the debates surrounding the two contrasting models of “disability”, namely, the individual medical and the social model of “disability”. The associated advantages and disadvantages that are ensued will be examined. Findings This paper will conclude by offering inclusive solutions to disclosure, which are sensitive to both impairment and cultural-related issues and encourage disclosure from students with a wide range of impairments. The benefits of all-encompassing inclusive practice and the resulting wider implications for the student population at large will, therefore, be highlighted. Originality/value There is an acute shortage of similar kinds of research conducted on disabled international students’ experiences of disclosure, which make the current work timely and original.

The role of organizational culture in the knowledge management process

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ling-hsing Chang ◽  
Tung-Ching Lin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to focus on the enhancement of knowledge management (KM) performance and the relationship between organizational culture and KM process intention of individuals because of the diversity of organizational cultures (which include results-oriented, tightly controlled, job-oriented, closed system and professional-oriented cultures). Knowledge is a primary resource in organizations. If firms are able to effectively manage their knowledge resources, then a wide range of benefits can be reaped such as improved corporate efficiency, effectiveness, innovation and customer service. Design/methodology/approach – The survey methodology, which has the ability to enhance generalization of results (Dooley, 2001), was used to collect the data utilized in the testing of the research hypotheses. Findings – Results- and job-oriented cultures have positive effects on employee intention in the KM process (creation, storage, transfer and application), whereas a tightly controlled culture has negative effects. Research limitations/implications – However, it would have been better to use a longitudinal study to collect useful long-term data to understand how the KM process would be influenced when organizational culture dimensions are changed through/by management. This is the first limitation of this study. According to Mason and Pauleen (2003), KM culture is a powerful predictor of individual knowledge-sharing behavior, which is not included in this study. Thus, this is the second limitation of this paper. Moreover, national culture could be an important issue in the KM process (Jacks et al., 2012), which is the third limitation of this paper for not comprising it. Practical implications – In researchers’ point of view, results- and job-oriented cultures have positive effects, whereas a tightly controlled culture has a negative effect on the KM process intention of the individual. These findings provide evidences that challenge the perspective of Kayworth and Leidner (2003) on this issue. As for practitioners, management has a direction to modify their organizational culture to improve the performance of KM process. Social implications – Both behavioral and value perspectives of the organizational cultural dimensions (results-oriented, tightly control, job-oriented, sociability, solidarity, need for achievement and democracy) should be examined to ascertain their effects firstly on KM culture and then on the KM process intention of the individual. It is hoped that the current study will spawn future investigations that lead to the development of an integrated model which includes organizational culture, KM culture and the KM process intention of the individual. Originality/value – The results-oriented, loosely controlled and job-oriented cultures will improve the effectiveness of the KM process and will also increase employees’ satisfaction and willingness to stay with the organization.

scholarly journals Free or paid: the uses of Roses Citadel (Catalonia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Josep Burch ◽  
Modest Fluvià ◽  
Ricard Rigall ◽  
Albert Saló ◽  
Gabriel Alcalde
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Social Use ◽  
The Town

Purpose The Roses Citadel is a bastioned fortification that has archaeological remains from the Greek, Roman and medieval periods in its interior. Currently, the area inside the Citadel is used for a wide range of activities; some directly related with the heritage item, others associated with its use as a public space for the town. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the economic interest of charging an entrance fee vs the alternative of free access and offers a framework to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach The proposal is to consider the marginal cost of increasing the number of users and to carry out a travel cost analysis. It is vital to take into account the results of specifically economic analyses, but the evaluations of social policies should also be considered, and should have a considerable weight in decision making. Findings It is proposed that free entry would bring about an increase in the number of visitors and users of Roses Citadel. In turn, this increase would lead to a greater social use of this heritage asset, and a chance for the least privileged sectors of society to use the site more. Financial resources for the maintenance of the asset would not be raised through entry fees, but through contributions relating to the increase in the social consideration of the site. Originality/value In the context of a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of paying an entry fee for heritage assets, the example of Roses Citadel provides several factors for consideration. It shows that payment of an entry fee affects use of the site by society, and particularly by the local community, whereas free access leads to a wide range of opportunities for use.

Understanding models of disability to improve responses to children with learning disabilities

2019 ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
Emilie Smeaton
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Attitudinal Barriers ◽  
Models Of Disability

This chapter explores the differences between a medical and a social model of disability to support application of these models to children with learning disabilities who experience, or are at risk of, child sexual exploitation (CSE). Medical knowledge about learning disabilities can support with assessment and understanding the physical symptoms that accompany a learning disability. The social model reinforces how social, cultural, material, and attitudinal barriers also form a disability and, in relation to children and young people with disabilities who experience, or are at risk of, CSE, highlight the importance of ensuring that this group, along with their non-disabled peers, have the support and opportunities to develop safe and healthy relationships. The chapter includes an overview of how disability intersects with abuse in general and CSE in particular. In addition, it draws upon evidence-based learning to consider how theory-informed services can identify children with learning disabilities affected by CSE and implement accessible services that deliver preventative and responsive practice to meet their needs.

scholarly journals Dyslexia and policing

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 634-651
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Macdonald ◽  
Faye Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Police Service ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of officers/civilians with dyslexia serving in the police service in England and Wales. Although there has been a growing body of research which has analysed the experiences of offenders and victims with dyslexia, there have been few studies focusing on the experiences of police officers/civilians with this condition. This study employs the social model of disability to conceptualise the experiences of these police officers/civilians from a disability rights perspective. Design/methodology/approach This applies a quantitative methodology to analyse data on disabling environments experienced by officers/civilians serving in a police service situated in the North of England. The paper collected data from 56 police employees previously diagnosed with dyslexia. Findings The findings reveal that a significant number of officers were reluctant to disclose that they had dyslexia to their police service. The choice to disclose was a key concern for officers/civilians, as this was directly linked to their experiences of stigmatisation, as well as the risk of their competences being questioned at work. The analysis presents evidence that, although officers/civilians have legal protections under the Equality Act 2010 (c15) in the UK, very few had experienced any form of “reasonable adjustment” in the workplace. Originality/value Drawing on the social model of disability, the paper concludes that the police service must improve access to reasonable adjustment, for example, through the use of assistive technologies, to create a more inclusive and supportive working environment for their employees.

Case-method teaching: advantages and disadvantages in organizational training

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naghi Radi Afsouran ◽  
Morteza Charkhabi ◽  
Seyed Ali Siadat ◽  
Reza Hoveida ◽  
Hamid Reza Oreyzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Real World ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Case Method ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Organizational Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Individual

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce case-method teaching (CMT), its advantages and disadvantages for the process of organizational training within organizations, as well as to compare its advantages and disadvantages with current training methods. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied a systematic literature review to define, identify and compare CMT with current methods. Findings In CMT, participants get involved with real-world challenges from an action perspective instead of analyzing them from a distance. Also, different reactions of the participants to the same challenge aid instructors to identify the individual differences of participants toward the challenge. Although CMT is still not considered as a popular organizational training method, the advantages of CMT may encourage organizational instructors to further apply it. Improving the long-term memory, enhancing the quality of decision making and understanding the individual differences of individuals are the advantages of CMT. Research limitations/implications A lack of sufficient empirical researchers and the high cost of conducting this method may prevent practitioners to apply it. Originality/value The review suggested that CMT is able to bring dilemmas from the real world into training settings. Also, it helps organizations to identify the individual reactions before they make a decision.

Employees and sustainability: the role of incentives

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly K Merriman ◽  
Sagnika Sen ◽  
Andrew J Felo ◽  
Barrie E Litzky
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Organizational Sustainability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Incentive Effects ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – Organizational sustainability has become a priority on many corporate agendas. How to integrate sustainability efforts throughout the organization, however, remains a challenge. The purpose of this paper is to examine two factors that potentially enhance incentive effects on employee engagement in environmental objectives: explicit organizational values for sustainability and the performance objective’s complementarity with incented financial objectives. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employed a quasi-experimental design in which participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions, including a status quo condition against which the treatments were contrasted. Participants (n=400) were comprised of a cross-section of US employees from a wide range of occupations and industries. A post hoc qualitative analysis provided additional insights. Findings – Incentive effects were enhanced (i.e. preference for the environmental objective was significantly higher) when the environmental project offered complementary benefits for financial objectives, but not when organization values emphasized sustainability. An entrenched status quo bias for financial performance was discerned among a subset of the sample. Research limitations/implications – Management scholars must pay close attention to the role of implicit norms for financial performance when investigating employee engagement in organizational sustainability efforts. From an applied perspective, framing sustainability objectives to emphasize financial benefits consistent with a financial mission may maximize employee engagement. Originality/value – This study contributes to understanding of organizational sustainability efforts at the individual employee level of analysis, a conspicuously small part of the organizational research surrounding this topic.

scholarly journals HISTORY AND PRACTICE OF TECHNICAL METHODS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Andrii Syshchuk ◽  
Iryna Panasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
International Currency ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Currency Market ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mathematical Approximation ◽  
The Individual

Introduction. Technical analysis is an assessment of the behavior of the international currency market over a period of time. Due to the unpredictability of the dynamics of the international currency market and the possibility of losses from the conducted transactions, the study of technical means becomes of particular importance and relevance. It is the comparative analysis that identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods in order to further formulate the most profitable trading strategy. The purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of the technical analysis methods used by analysts in today's international currency market; comparing the selected instruments of each method and determining the most effective ones. Results. Within the framework of this study three main methods of technical analysis of the international currency market were considered: graphic, method of mathematical approximation and theory of economic cycles. The individual instruments of each of the methods, such as «Japanese candlestick», simple moving average, the moving average convergence divergence (MACD), MACD histogram, Elliott waves, Fibonacci retracement levels are reviewed. A comparative analysis of the selected instruments is carried out on the basis of research of the specificity of each of them. Examples of graphs, indicators and histograms are given. It is identified that the main differences are the complexity of use (ie the use of mathematical computing and computer technology) and the type of strategy (short or long term). Common features of methods of technical analysis of the currency market are: the purpose of the analysis, the object of analysis and the influence of the factor «psychology of people». Conclusions. It is revealed that one can obtain the most accurate results in predicting the dynamics of currency quotations only by combining several methods simultaneously. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of different technical analysis tools, you can use them to validate each other's signals. As a result of such tactics, the analyst will get more accurate indicators that will bring him a profit. The prospect of the research is to find the best strategic schemes using a wide range of technical tools for international currency market analysis.

scholarly journals The Essence and Role of Reengineering at Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
V. Y. Zhezhukha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Historical Viewpoint ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Individual

The article aims at developing the essence of the concept of reengineering and highlighting its characteristics. Various approaches to the interpretation of this concept have been considered from a historical viewpoint. It has been found out that modern scientists consider this concept from different positions, e.g. as a conceptual and methodological approach, as philosophy of activity, as skills, as a method of business management, as a concept of change, as a method of restructuring, as a tool for business efficiency, as a process, as a type and sphere of professional activity, etc. At the same time, taking into account the instruments of morphological analysis; identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches to understand the meaning of "reengineering"; as well as studying practical experience; and finally, drawing general conclusions from scientific research on this issue have allowed the author to substantiate the expediency of interpreting reengineering as a direction of management activities aimed at restructuring business processes at an enterprise radically to achieve the established efficiency criteria. The main business components have been identified and characterized, in relation to and in the context of which the need to use reengineering instruments can be considered. The prevailing components of reengineering in the activity of enterprises have been analyzed. To specify the essence of the "reengineering" concept, its characteristic features are highlighted, namely: the individual nature of work and services performed (provided) within it; dependence of the content and nature of reengineering on the features of business entity; significant influence of the competence of business entities responsible for reengineering on its effectiveness; coverage by reengineering of both traditional and innovative business processes; an opportunity for business entities to solve a wide range of problems through using reengineering; the difficulty of establishing clear and unambiguous criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of reengineering in the initial stages of its implementation; the temporary nature of the relationship between the parties involved in the reengineering project implementation; relative separation of reengineering from the current production and economic activities of a company; the possibility of applying reengineering to various business processes at an enterprise; the necessity to make initial investments in the performance of work (services) within an reengineering project.

Conceptualising dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-198
Author(s):  
Alisoun Milne
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

The way dementia is conceptualised influences the wellbeing and treatment of people living with the condition. The traditional neuro-degenerative model has increasingly been challenged. Significant contributions include the 1970’s concepts of malignant social psychologv and personhood, the 1990’s drive to engage with the social model of disability, and the recent development of the social citizenship approach. Not only has this new paradigm widened the conceptual lens through which dementia is viewed but it has incorporated issues, beyond the biomedical, that extend our understanding of dementia as a situated condition and lived experience. It is situated in relationships, a lifecourse and a socio-political context and is shaped by inequalities and limited engagement with rights and social justice. Dementia is a multi-dimensional phenomenon and requires a response that addresses its clinical, psychological, social and political dimensions. The new paradigm helps re-focus policy, care and research on the person rather than the condition; relocates the ‘problem’ from the individual to societal structures, attitudes, policy and services; demands new forms of critical practice; and engages with the perspectives of people living with dementia. Whilst there are dementia specific policies in the UK they have limited legal traction and are not integrated with other relevant policies.

scholarly journals Biomedyczny i społeczny model niepełnosprawności w perspektywie filozoficznej

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pezdek
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Georges Canguilhem ◽  
The Individual

The author’s aim is to support the hypothesis that what is considered the norm (normal, normality) is of fundamental importance in shaping the biomedical and social model of disability. The content of that norm largely determines whether an individual in society will be classified as a person with or without a disability. All norms concerning health and functioning have their source in axiological considerations of set ideas about the human body and society. In this sense, the norms do not reflect the entire phenomenon of disability, which they standardize. At most they reflect how it is treated by social institutions (the authorities) in a given time and place and what consequences this has for the development of the individual with a disability (the problem of emancipation). The theoretical basis for these thoughts is the philosophical perspective proposed by Georges Canguilhem, Jürgen Habermas, and Michel Foucault.

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