scholarly journals Classification of financial security functions of joint-stock companies

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Olena Stashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Satisfactory Level ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Legal Forms

The article proves that financial security functions are one of the fundamental categories, which makes it possible to more thoroughly describe the concept of financial security of jointstock companies. The purpose of the paper is to systematize the current approaches of scholars to determining financial security functions of business entities, as well as to improve financial security of joint-stock companies. The existing theoretical studies of financial security do not take into account peculiar features of doing business, institutional-legal forms and sectors of economic activities. A critical analysis of scholars’ approaches to identifying functions of financial security of business entities allows us to conclude that the classical functions of financial security of enterprises are as follows: establishing a framework for managing financial security of enterprises, assessing the level of financial security of enterprises, planning and forecasting the level of financial security of entities, exercising control over measures taken to achieve a satisfactory level of financial security of joint-stock companies. The role of joint-stock companies in the development of the financial system of the state is identified. Based on the major features of joint stock companies’ operations and typological characteristics of their financial security, it is proposed to distinguish general and specific functions of financial security of joint-stock companies. It is pointed out, that general functions include: extended reproduction, informational, organizational, planning, analytical, and stimulating. Accordingly, it is found that specific functions of financial security of joint-stock companies are as follows: protective, investment, anti-crisis financial management, financing business operations, equity capital management, and corporate governance. The proposed classification of functions might be useful in the process of establishing a framework for managing financial security of a joint-stock company, as well as enhance further research on the issue of providing a satisfactory level of financial security of corporate units. The described functions are found to possess the following characteristic properties: system approach, completeness, universality and comprehensiveness. At the same time, it is claimed that the division of the whole range of functions into general and specific ones will contribute to increasing the efficiency of financial security management of joint-stock companies.

scholarly journals Methods of cost management at the enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (99) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
L. A. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
O. V. Zagorodniuk ◽  
L. V. Dlugoborska
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cost Management System ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Cost

In the article on the basis of semantic analysis (the terms "costs", "management", "cost management", "enterprise", "cost management in the enterprise", "method") and determining the place of cost management methods in the cost management system at the enterprise such management methods. The chronology of development of methods of management of expenses at the enterprise and their characteristics is resulted. The classification of cost management methods of business entities is developed and proposed separately. The crisis of the national economy, which covered a period of twelve years, significantly changed the approaches of domestic entrepreneurs to management. Problems with sales, unprofitable activities required a focus on crisis management (crisis financial management), loss control, maintaining a stable level of profit, which was achieved primarily through cost management. The purpose of the article – based on a critical assessment of scientific developments in the field of cost management to determine the essence, characterize and develop a classification of cost management methods in the enterprise. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study were the works of domestic and foreign scientists, leading scientists and practitioners in the field of cost management in the enterprise. General theoretical methods were used in the research process. The system method was used in the study of theoretical aspects in the field of cost management. The method of analysis was used in the study of the most popular methods of cost management and their chronology of development. With the help of abstract-logical method – substantiated and presented conclusions and proposals for improving methods of cost management in Ukrainian enterprises. The article defines the essence of cost management methods based on semantic analysis of the term "cost management method" using a number of economic terms to form its structure, as well as determining the place of cost management methods in the cost management system in modern enterprise. A brief description of the most common methods of cost management in the financial and economic activities of economic entities, indicating their positive and negative sides. Based on the above characteristics, a classification of cost management methods was developed and proposed.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OFCASH FLOWS OFINVESTMENT ACTIVITY OFENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Petro RENDOVYCH
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Internal Source ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Operational Activity ◽  
Market Relations

Introduction. In joint-stock companies there is a problem of shortage of money not only for carrying out of investment activity, but also for maintenance of sufficient level of the operational activity. One of the main instruments of a market economy that contributes to the formation of a cash flow system is the stock market. The purpose ofthe article is to study some aspects ofcash flow management in the system of financial management, to characterize cash flows of joint stock companies, which determine the potential of forming their internal source of financing for their development and provide the formation of additional investment resources for the implementation of financial investments in the securities market. Results. One of the important tasks of the Ukrainian economy development is the development of mechanisms for the formation of investment-attractive and innovative-oriented joint-stock companies. The development of market relations requires an increase in the effectiveness of their activities. The assessment of the effective activity of the entity was determined by analyzing the profit of the enterprise, and subsequently, economists supplemented its coefficients of liquidity, solvency, financial stability. The analysis and identification ofthe reserves for increasing profits is also carried out by analysts of the stock market in orderto furtherstimulate the investor. Conclusion. We believe that the analysis of cash flows by their dynamics and structure allows us to identify the negative factors of the organization of financial and economic activity of the entity, immediately reflects the size, quality and direction of change in the financial state of the joint-stock company, and also contributes to the development of concrete measures for its improvement. Since inbound and outbound cash flows of investments are the main factors in creating the value ofenterprises, which ultimately reflects the management of the result of investment activity in terms of Modern Value Approach, therefore, in our view, the process of reproduction of capital and the formation of investment flows can be expressed through the movement of value in the field Investment activity. In the process of studying investment flows of enterprises, it was found that the level of investment attractiveness of enterprises depends on the efficiency of the movement oftheirinvestment cash flows.

scholarly journals The problems of joint stock company liquidation and ways of their settlement

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
O.V. Harahonych
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Formative Stage ◽  
Supreme Council ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Voluntary Liquidation

The article explores the problematic aspects of joint stock company liquidation. The essence and types of liquidation of joint stock companies have been analysed. The distinctive features of voluntary, compulsory and enforced liquidation of joint stock companies, as well as the liquidation of a bankrupt joint stock company and the liquidation on the basis of the law have been determined. The elements of the legal composition constituting the basis for the termination of joint stock companies by voluntary liquidation have been investigated. The complexity of the procedure of voluntary liquidation has been established. The expediency of introducing a simplified mechanism of voluntary liquidation has been substantiated. The main factors that hinder the liquidation of joint stock companies in Ukraine in the current context have been identified. The main problems of terminating joint stock companies through forced liquidation and the reasons for their emergence have been revealed. The main obstacles to compulsory liquidation of joint stock companies by judicial and administrative procedure have been elucidated. It has been ascertained that the current Ukrainian legislation on liquidation is still in its formative stage, characterized by inconsistencies, internal contradictions and fails to solve the main problem – a civilized exit of business entities, including joint stock companies, from the sphere of economic relations. Special emphasis is placed on researching the prospects for the development of legal regulation of relations connected with the liquidation of joint stock companies in the context of solving the revealed issues. It has been proposed as a priority step to address the problems of liquidation of joint stock companies by ensuring an adequate level of legal and regulatory regulation of the relations to terminate such organisations through liquidation. It has been reasoned that further research should be conducted into specific recommendations for solving the problems of JSC liquidation in order to consider them in the preparation of Draft No. 2493 for the second reading in the Supreme Council of Ukraine, as well as the systematisation of general rules on voluntary and compulsory liquidation in the Civil Code of Ukraine.

scholarly journals MODERN WAYS TO NEUTRALIZE THREATS TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF A CREDIT ORGANIZATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
E.G. Kuznetsova ◽  
T.E. Shilkina
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Credit Institution ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Innovative Techniques

The article is devoted to the assessment of the developed tools for ensuring the economic security of banks. The authors reveal the main elements that form the security system of a credit institution, present innovative techniques and tools for ensuring the economic security of a credit institution, and describe the detailed mechanism of the bank's security service. Special attention is paid to the study of the classification of information about counterparties and the degrees of risk for interacting with them using modern information technologies. The authors describe the main and main ways to neutralize the identified threats, as well as a detailed algorithm of actions to preserve the economic security of a credit institution. The object under study is the public joint-stock company «Sberbank of Russia». The article contains conclusions on the application of modern techniques and methods in the formation of a promising system of economic security of credit institutions.

scholarly journals SOME PROBLEMS AND WAYS TO SOLVE THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL CHARACTER OF THE STATE PARTICIPATION IN JOINT STOCK COMPANY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
N.G. Gadzhiev ◽  
◽  
S.A. Konovalenko ◽  
R.A. Kornilovich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Modern Economic

Participation of the state in joint-stock companies is one of the specific features of the modern economic system of Russia, inherited from the command-administrative system of the USSR economy. Today, most of the "top" blue chip companies on the country's stock markets are public companies with government participation. In the article, the authors investigate the main problems of the administrative and financial nature of state participation in joint-stock companies and suggest ways to solve them. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research in the scientific article was the work of both Russian and foreign experts in the field of law, corporate governance, regulatory documents on the topic of research, as well as materials from periodicals of leading legal scholars. The main research methods used in writing the work were: methods of observation, comparison, induction, deduction and monographic (descriptive). The results of the study can be used in the study and classification of the problems of state participation in joint stock companies, in the search for specific proposals by the authors to improve efficiency in the field of administrative and financial legislation.

scholarly journals Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Entrepreneurial Capacity and Financial Security in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 08002
Author(s):  
Yana Derbenova ◽  
Ganna Kashyna ◽  
Serhii Leontovych ◽  
Olena Ablova ◽  
Oksana Dmitrieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business activities in Ukraine and the world and its financial security. The analysis showed that the economy of Ukraine and most countries of the world suffered significant losses from the introduction of anti-epidemic restrictions on business activity, which turned out to be in the fall of GDP, index of industrial production investment activity. Because of temporary or complete shutdown of business the unemployment rate increased significantly. The pandemic crisis also negatively impacted the financial results of enterprises, which decreased significantly in all kinds of economic activities, especially in industry, transport, temporary accommodation and catering, where the share of unprofitable enterprises reaches 73%. Thus, the problem of ensuring the financial security of business becomes relevant. The aim of the work is to develop methodological approaches to assessing the impact of the pandemic crisis on the financial security of business and to identify effective ways of ensuring such security. In the process of research methods of scientific abstraction, comparative and system analysis and synthesis, systematization and logical generalization were used. It was determined that the pandemic affected small and medium businesses most of all, where a strong negative impact was experienced by more than 60% of entrepreneurs. Large businesses were less affected, but they also suffered significant losses due to the decline in business activity and demand in the domestic and foreign markets. Agriculture was least affected by the pandemic, which suffered the least losses, primarily due to the insignificant impact of restrictions affecting the activities of this business. The paper systematized the risks arising from the factors of the pandemic crisis, identifying their manifestations and financial implications for business. As shown by the research, such consequences are manifested in the form of full or partial loss of profits, problems with debt repayment, reduction of financial stability, liquidity, increase in accounts receivable, increased costs for anti-epidemic measures, etc. Thus, the procedure for assessing the business’s financial security is to take into account all factors that shape the financial situation of business entities during a pandemic crisis in a comprehensive manner.

scholarly journals METHODICAL PROVISIONS FOR CREATING AN OUTSOURCING COMPANY (WITH CONSIDERING ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL FORMS OF ENTERPRISES)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2(71)) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
A. SAINCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Limited Liability ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
The State ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Registration

Topicality. The topicality of the problem of creating an outsourcing company does not raise doubts, because the number of outsourcing companies is constantly increasing which provide outsourcing services. During the crisis in Ukraine, there is to need in next positions: reducing the cost of the enterprise, maintaining a certain market segment, maintaining competitiveness in the market, maintaining a certain quality of services (works, goods). If the company use outsourcing at the enterprises, it will be possible to hold all these positions, during the crisis management period.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to develop methodological provisions for creating an outsourcing company within the framework of the existing institutional support in Ukraine. Some stages of creating an outsourcing company can be given on the example of law firm in the form of an attorney company, an attorney bureau or a lawyer of individual (an entrepreneur and a self-employed person).Research results. The methodological provisions were developed for creating an outsourcing company. In the article was using the example of practice of law, was taking into account the peculiarities of state registration of various organizational and legal forms of management and the tax system. Also, an algorithm has been created for the election of a simplified taxation system if to realise the case of a project to create an outsourcing company.Conclusion. Methodical provisions for creating an outsourcing company consist of sixteen stages. The author provided recommendations for making changes to the classifier of organizational and legal forms of enterprenier. It was proposed to add an outsourcing company as a new organizational and legal form of enterprenier in order to improve the existing system of national statistical classifications. The changes will provide the State Statistics Service of Ukraine the opportunity to raise to a qualitatively new level the statistical analysis of outsourcing companies in Ukraine.There is no clear phased methodology or instructions for creating a new outsourcing enterprise in Ukraine. The author has developed a methodology for creating an outsourcing company within the institutional support in Ukraine.The article examines in details the situation - the use of outsourcing when creating an outsourcing company. The article also gradually developed an algorithm for creating an outsourcing enterprise. Only five stages were investigated for creating outsourcing company in this article.The author has distinguished the sixteen stages of creating an outsourcing company.Stage 1 - the definition of the organizational and legal form of entrepreneur. The author proposed a new legal form - an outsourcing company. Therefore, it is necessary to change the existing classifier. In work the algorithm of definition of the organizational and legal form of entrepreneur on an example of lawyer activity is developed.Stage 2 - determination of the name of the enterprise. Practical recommendations are given for determining the name of an outsourcing company.Stage 3 - determining the number of participants (founders) of the company. Depending on the number of founders, it is necessary to choose a certain organizational and legal form of entrepreneur. So, for example, if a lawyer carries out practice of law individually without the involvement of employees and other founders, then it is necessary to carry out activities in the form of an individual, an entrepreneur or a self-employed person. Then create a company is not required.Stage 4 - the formation of the charter capital of an outsourcing company. The author has noticed that the minimum charter capital is set for a joint stock company, but not for a limited liability company. This stage is status ant, as the participants are responsible within their share in the charter capital.Stage 5 - drawing up and signing the charter and the protocol of the general meeting of the participants (founders) of the company on the creation of an outsourcing company. There are two types of charters in the article: model and own charter of the company. The model charter does not even need to be submitted to the state registrar. The article contains the main sections of the charter of an outsourcing company.The next article will consist of from sixth to sixteenth stages.

scholarly journals AGENCY SERVICES FOR MARINE VESSELS: INSTRUMENTS OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND PRACTICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2(67)) ◽  
pp. 210-221
Author(s):  
D. Yu. IARMOLOVYCH
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The Status ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Marine Vessels

Topicality. Actuality of the problem of determining the boundaries of agency activity. Identification of the features of its activities. Creation of a favorable climate for the agency market in Ukraine, which will allow the country to occupy the appropriate place in the world transport market of labor distribution. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological and practical proposals for the market of maritime agency, which will allow to approve the status of the country as a naval state and increase the profitability of this entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine. Research results. The essence of the category of maritime agent as a representative and assistant of the shipowner acting on behalf and at the expense of the latter in accordance with the powers based on the law or agreement, in all cases of the shipowner of a commercial and administrative nature, which is related to the sea transportation of goods or of passengers And also the essence of clandestine commercial mediation and agency activities, taking into account existing legislative acts. Yes, there are signs of what this business is doing; the subject of agency activity is the provision of services; agency services are provided exclusively to business entities and exclusively in economic activities, and that services are provided through mediation carried out on behalf of, in the interest, under the control and at the expense of the entity represented. The examples of contact work of the marine agent are given. The article gives a classification of marine agents on various grounds. Separate types of agency companies that provide the appropriate level of completeness and quality of agency services that fall under their responsibilities. Conclusions. Thus, the existence of an entrepreneurial activity in the agency of seagoing vessels is a special, independent form of agency activity based on the exercise of representative functions for the performance of the duties of the shipowner in accordance with the customs of the port of departure of the ship, its maintenance there and protection of the interests of the shipowner in respect of any circumstances that arise in this regard, and in no case can be attributed to mediation.

scholarly journals АSPECTS OF THE SUBJECT COMPOSITION OF THE INSTITUTE OF CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY IN A JOINT-STOCK COMPANY

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
A.S. Prokopiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Responsibility ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The Stability

For a proper understanding of the institution of legal responsibility in corporate relations, it is necessary to clearly define the range of subjects of corporate relations, which, in turn, is determined by the types of corporate relations in which these entities participate. It is the nature of corporate relations that determines the peculiarities of the responsibility of management bodies and persons who manage a joint-stock company. Corporate relations in a joint-stock company arise in connection with the creation, operation and termination of a joint-stock company as a legal entity, an independent legal entity endowed with separate property, which has its own internal organizational structure and acts in economic turnover on its own behalf obligations to creditors. The emergence of a joint stock company as a legal entity, with its members, founders, property owner, members of management bodies, creditors, as well as other stakeholders (stakeholders), causes a particularly complex structure of corporate relations, which can be distinguished not only internal management relations legal entity, but also external relations that ensure the participation of legal entities in economic turnover, as well as organizational and property relations between members of business associations, groups, associated and related companies. Corporate responsibility is one of the most important factors that ensure the stability of corporate relations. This determines the scientific interest in corporate responsibility throughout the history of corporate law, due to the development of organizational and legal forms of economic activity based on corporate relations. A systematic analysis of the current legislation allows to determine the range of subjects of corporate responsibility.

scholarly journals Vertical deadlock in public corporations

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Deni Ruslanovich Murdalov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Corporations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Oversight Committee

This work explores the problem of directorial board execution of the competency of voiding a contract with the registrar in public commercial corporate legal entities. The author provides a number of arguments that allow designating the aforementioned authority of the public joint-stock company as a deadlock situation. Based on the latter, classification is carried out on the deadlocks by level of their emergence into horizontal and vertical, describing characteristic traits of the vertical deadlock. The subject of this research is comprised on the norms that regulate the competence of the members of the oversight committee of corporations in civil law, pertinent law enforcement practice, as well as theoretical positions of various experts. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the analysis of the relevant practical issues associated with emergence of deadlock situations due to the activity of the directorial board. Detailed study and analysis is conducted on the case law of the courts dealing the problems of horizontal deadlock situations. The results of this work include proposed classification of deadlocks by the level of their emergence into horizontal and vertical; definitions of the horizontal and vertical deadlocks; examination of the mechanisms of resolution of horizontal deadlocks.

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