Choosing the chemicals and advanced filter media for enhancing the process of mine water purification

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
В.Ю. Касперович
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Sorption Media

В настоящее время строительство сооружений для очистки шахтных вод является одним из важных мероприятий, направленных на сохранение поверхностных водотоков и водоемов. Количество сбрасываемых шахтных вод в поверхностные водоемы может быть сокращено в результате их использования для комплексного обеспыливания в шахтах, технического водоснабжения и других наиболее водоемких технологических процессов. Одним из эффективных способов очистки шахтных вод от взвешенных веществ и тяжелых металлов является реагентная обработка высокомолекулярными флокулянтами, использование которых позволяет уменьшить расход неорганических коагулянтов и интенсифицировать процесс осаждения взвешенных веществ и тяжелых металлов. Предварительная обработка шахтной воды перед контактными осветлителями позволяет значительно увеличить пропускную способность действующих очистных сооружений, стабилизировать их работу при колебании качественного состава и температуры шахтной воды, снизить нагрузку на последующие стадии очистки на скорых фильтрах. Представлены результаты экспериментальных лабораторных исследований пробной коагуляции и флокуляции с последующим фильтрованием на скорых фильтрах с применением каталитической фильтрующей загрузки Orefilter В, сорбента АС и сорбционной загрузки Extrasorb, а также удаления (отдувки) аммиака из шахтной воды. Currently, the construction of facilities for the purification of mine waters is one of the important measures aimed at preserving surface watercourses and water reservoirs. The amount of mine water discharged into surface water bodies can be reduced by reusing it for complex dedusting in mines, process water supply and other most water-intensive technological processes. One of the effective ways of removing suspended solids and heavy metals from mine water is chemical treatment with high-molecular flocculants that provide for reducing the consumption of inorganic coagulants and enhancing the process of suspended solids and heavy metals precipitation. Pretreatment of mine water upstream contact clarifiers can significantly increase the capacity of existing treatment facilities, stabilize their operation in case of fluctuations in the quality composition and temperature of mine water, and reduce the load on the subsequent stages of filtration in rapid filters. The results of experimental laboratory studies of trial coagulation and flocculation with subsequent filtration in rapid filters using Orefilter B catalytic filtering media, AS sorbent and Extrasorb sorption media, as well as removing (stripping) ammonia from mine water are presented.

Peculiarities of Interaction of Underground and Surface Water in Zones of Disjunctive Tectonic Faults (on the Example of Eastern Donbass)

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Grigory Yu. Sklyarenko ◽  
Vladimir E. Zakrutkin ◽  
Eugeny V. Gibkov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Tectonic Faults ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Network Studies ◽  
Fault Displacement

Eastern Donbass, where coal has been mined for over a century, has become a natural-technogenic system (NTS), affecting all components of the natural environment. Among the elements most affected by it are groundwater and surface water exposed to mine waters. The state of the NTS is due to the interaction of technogenic and natural factors such as the geological structure of the territory. For many years, the environmental assessment has taken into account the organized discharge of mine water. At the same time, this region is characterized by widespread development of disjunctive tectonic faults. The hypothesis seems logical that not only the treatment facilities of closed coal mining enterprises, but the faults and associated fracture zones are channels for the drainage of mine water and deep highly mineralized solutions to the surface, where they are unloaded into the river network. Studies carried out in one of the promising areas, where drainage of groundwater takes place through fractured rocks developed along the fault displacement fault, showed their significant impact on the composition of the surface waters of the river Small Nesvetay. Taking into account the very complex tectonics of the Eastern Donbass, it would be logical to assume a similar influence of other numerous disjunctive structures. Their study will contribute to a comprehensive assessment of the region's environment and the adoption of management decisions, and the development of effective measures for water purification and stabilization of the ecological and social situation in the region.

Ways to Increase the Productivity and Quality of Mine Water Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Natalia. A GUBINA ◽  
Mikhail A. YLESIN ◽  
Natalya V. KARMANOVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Mine Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Harmful Effects

The article deals with the rational use of water resources, as well as protecting the environment from the harmful effects of human industrial activities. The aim of the study is to find ways to increase the productivity of existing treatment facilities and the quality of mine water treatment. The proposed solutions will lead to a reduction in discharges of untreated mine waters, a reduction in environmental payments and consumption of fresh water.

Formation of mine water composition and analysis of treatment methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Kulikova ◽  
Yu. A. Sergeeva ◽  
T. I. Ovchinnikova ◽  
E. I. Khabarova
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mine Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Formation of mine water inflow compositions is discussed, and the methods of mine water treatment are described. Mine water has different chemistry depending on hydrological, geological and geotechnical factors, as well as on depth of mining. Formation of mine water on higher horizons takes place under the influence of oxidation processes, while reduction processes are typical of lower levels. With an increasing depth, hydrocarbonate water changes into carbonate-sulfate and sulfate-hydrocarbonate water. The main pollutants of mine water are identified, the methods of mine water treatment are reviewed, the criteria of application of mine water treatment methods are specified, and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods are described. In terms of the Kirov Mine, the structure of mine water treatment facilities is considered. It is found that equipment included in the process flow chart ensure good removal of various size suspended solids from water and partially remove iron ions (when its oxidation goes to an insoluble form). However, some heavy metals remain in mine water. This fact is proved by the background concentrations observed in the places of mine water discharge in the Inya river. In the Inya water river, some contaminants exceed MAC, namely, total iron, manganese, copper, ion nitrite, etc. The authors describe the treatment methods and equipment used in coal mines in Kuzbass. There is a wide range of mine water treatment methods, but the technologies in application mainly reduce to mechanical purification which enables efficient removal of suspended solids, oil products, bacterial pollution and, partly, iron. In compliance with the requirements to mine water treatment quality, mines should modernize treatment facilities and introduce new advanced technologies, i.e. provide an integrated solution of the mine water treatment problem, and should anticipate usability of treated mine water and dregs.

UNCONTROLLED DISCHARGES OF MINE WATER FROM CLOSED MINING PERIMETERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Ioan Bud ◽  
◽  
Iosif Pasca ◽  
Simona Duma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Long Term Consequences

In the northern part of Romania, in the former mining perimeters there have been significant leakage of mine waters that have severely affected the environment. The paper presents the causes and consequences of these uncontrolled leaks loaded with heavy metals. Issues related to minimizing the long-term consequences of this serious phenomenon on the part of the authorities are highlighted.

Biolixiviation des métaux lourds et stabilisation des boues d'épuration : essai en bioréacteur opéré en mode cuvée

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Tyagi ◽  
J. F. Blais ◽  
N. Meunier ◽  
D. Kluepfel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Sludge Stabilization ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Batch Time ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

A biological process of heavy metals solubilization and sewage sludge stabilization was studied in a batch reactor of 30-L capacity. The acclimatized leaching microflora was composed of two major groups of thiobacilli: less acidophilic and acidophilic. A batch time of 10 days allows a substantial metal solubilization: cadmium (100%), copper (80%), manganese (80%), nickel (46%), and zinc (100%). The bioleaching process also causes a significative decrease in sludge total suspended solids (25%) and volatile suspended solids (32%), and a considerable reduction (under the detection limit of 10 cfu∙mL−1) of indicator bacteria (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci). After filtration or centrifugation of the leached sludge, the solubilized metals were precipitated by lime neutralization. The phosphorus and potassium sludge contents were not affected by bioleaching process. These results indicate that the process of sludge digestion and metal leaching can be conducted in parallel in the same reactor. Key words: sewage sludge, heavy metals, bioleaching, stabilization, thiobacilli, elemental sulfur.

A Study of Reclamation of Sewage for Industrial Waters

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 2181-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Kean Chin ◽  
Say Leong Ong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Treatment Train

The performance of a 480 cubic metres per day water reclamation plant was evaluated. The treatment train of this plant was sand filtration or carbon adsorption −0.45 µm cartridge filtration - reverse osmosis desalting - zeolite ion exchange deionisation. The raw water used was reclaimed sewage which had been treated by the activated sludge system and polished by chemical coagulation and flocculation, multimedia sand filtration and chlorination. After the reverse osmosis step using the spiral wound cellulose acetate membrane most of the cations, anions and heavy metals present in the water were removed.

Dynamic behavior of suspended pollutants and particle size distribution in highway runoff

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Furumai ◽  
H. Balmer ◽  
M. Boller
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Runoff Rate ◽  
Highway Drainage

Continuous runoff quality monitoring was conducted for one month at urban highway drainage with an area of 8.4 ha. Dynamic change of suspended solids and heavy metal concentrations were investigated during first flush periods, taking the particle size distribution into consideration. Except for Pb, the concentrations of TSS and heavy metals in runoff were within the range of the EMC reported in recent highway runoff research. Particle-bound heavy metals (Zn, Pb, and Cu) accounted for more significant pollutant loads than soluble fractions. Their content decreased with increasing total SS concentration in runoff samples. The results of particle size distribution (PSD) analysis of runoff samples indicate that high TSS concentration samples contained coarser particles. Based on the PSD results, a stepwise wash-off phenomenon of TSS under varying runoff rate conditions was explained by the different washoff behavior of fine (< 20 mm) and coarser particles.

scholarly journals Microbial Flocculants as an Alternative to Synthetic Polymers for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faouzi Ben Rebah ◽  
Wissem Mnif ◽  
Saifeldin M. Siddeeg
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Flocculating Activity ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Active Substances

Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and microalgae have been used to produce bioflocculants with various structures. These polymers are active substances that are biodegradable, environmentally harmless, and have flocculation characteristics. Most of the developed microbial bioflocculants displayed significant flocculating activity (FA > 70–90%) depending on the strain used and on the operating parameters. These biopolymers have been investigated and successfully used for wastewater depollution in the laboratory. In various cases, selected efficient microbial flocculants could reduce significantly suspended solids (SS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (Nt), dye, and heavy metals, with removal percentages exceeding 90% depending on the bioflocculating materials and on the wastewater characteristics. Moreover, bioflocculants showed acceptable results for sludge conditioning (accepted levels of dry solids, specific resistance to filtration, moisture, etc.) compared to chemicals. This paper explores various bioflocculants produced by numerous microbial strains. Their production procedures and flocculating performance will be included. Furthermore, their efficiency in the depollution of wastewater will be discussed.

scholarly journals MIGRACE RADIONUKLIDU 226Ra V SEDIMENTECH RYCHVALDSKÉ STRUŽKY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radek Morcinek ◽  
Josef Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Mass Activity ◽  
Increased Activity

Large amounts of mining waters are discharged into waterstreams in the region of Ostrava-Karviná Mining District. This paper deals with discharged mine water from the Žofie watershaft , which is located in Petrvald basin in Czech part of Upper Silesian coal basin. Mine water may affect surface watercourses, especially their sediments, which may have increased activity of radium 226Ra. The aim of this work was to evaluate geochemical evolution of the Rychvald creek with regard to the mobility of radium 226Ra and estimate the degree of influence. From the results, it is evident that the mine waters significantly affect the composition of Rychvald creek. Increased equivalent dose was measured only up to the wastewater treatment plant, which probably considerably diluted the water, consequently diminishing migration abilities of radium. From the result of physicochemical parameters it is evident that discharged mine water from the Žofie watershaft affects mainly conductivity, due to high mineralization of discharged mine water. Increased doses of the gamma radiation equivalent, which are related to the increased mass activity of radium 226Ra, were found in the sediment of the first 1 200 m of the Rychvaldské creek. However the determined increased activities of radium 226Ra do not represent neither substantial risk for human health nor important risk for the environment.

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