POLA BAKTERI PADA URIN PASIEN YANG MENGGUNAKAN KATETER URETRA DI RUANG PERAWATAN INTENSIF  RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

Abstract: Urinary catheterization as a part of invasive procedure application poses the risk of nosocomial infection to intensive care unit patients. The probability of nosocomial infection increases in accordance to the period of catheterization; longer catheterization time yields higher chances for microbial contamination on urinary catheter as catheterization provides an opening for microbial invasion into the urinary track. There are various pathogens commonly associated with catheterization including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabili, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis, Serratia and Candida. The main objective of this research project is to observe bacterial pattern of urine from catheterized intensive care unit patients in the Prof. DR. R. D. Kandou Public Hospital Manado. A total of 20 urine samples were obtained, one sample from each individual catheter over 2 months period. Each collected sample is subsequently passed on to microbiology laboratory to undergo bacteria identification process via culture media. The preliminary results show that the identified bacterial pattern is Staphylococcus aureus, Candida, Streptococcus, Diplococcus, Proteus vulgaris, Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aglomerans, Citrobacter freundii dan Shigella. Following an in-depth multi-dimensional analysis of preliminary research results, the conclusion can be drawn that the most commonly found bacteria is Staphylococcus aureus. This study is part of growing body of microbiology research in catheter-related bacterial pattern and nosocomial infection; this research project will contribute to future research on similar topics. Keywords: bacteria, bacterial pattern, urinary catheter, nosocomial infection, intensive care unit. Abstrak: Kateterisasi urin adalah bagian dari penggunaan prosedur invasif membawa resiko infeksi nosokomial bagi pasien yang dirawat di ruang perawatan intensif. Semakin lama kateter terpasang maka peluang kateter terkontaminasi oleh mikroba semakin besar, karena penggunaan kateter memungkinakan jalur masuk mikroba ke dalam saluran kemih.Terdapat berbagai macam patogen yang menyebabkan ISK yang diasosiasikan dengan kateterisasi termasuk Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis, Serratia, Candida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola bakteri pada urin pasien yang menggunakan kateter uretra di ruang perawatan intensif RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado sebanyak 20 sampel. Sampel di ambil dari urin kateter pasien yang di rawat di ruang perawatan intensif. Identifikasi bakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan media kultur. Hasil dari kultur urin menunjukan pola bakteri yang berhasil diidentifikasi yakni Staphylococcus aureus, Candida, Streptococcus, Diplococcus, Proteus vulgaris, Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aglomerans, Citrobacter freundii dan Shigella. Dari hasil kesimpulan pada penelitian ini didapatkan jenis bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Staphylococcus aereus. Mengikuti analisis data hasil penelitian beberapa saran tentang proses penelitian lebih lanjut akan diusulkan. Kata kunci: bakteri, pola kuman, kateter uretra, infeksi nosocomial, ruang perawatan intensif.

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The Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of the Lichen Cetraria aculeata and Its Protolichesterinic Acid Constituent

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2003-11-1219 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (11-12) ◽

pp. 850-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Ayşen Özdemir Türk ◽

Meral Yılmaz ◽

Merih Kıvanç ◽

Hayrettin Türk

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Abstract In this study, the antimicrobial activity of the acetone, diethyl ether and ethanol extracts of the lichen Cetraria aculeata has been investigated. The extracts were tested against twelve bacteria and eight fungi and found active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes. No antimicrobial activity against the fungi was detected. It was determined that only one substance in the extracts has antimicrobial activity and it was characterized as protolichesterinic acid. The MICs of the extracts and protolichesterinic acid were also determined.

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POLA BAKTERI AEROB PENYEBAB INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL PADA RUANGAN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU) BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D KANDOU MANADO

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.1.2015.6842 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Malindra Saleh ◽

Fredine E. S . Rares ◽

Standy Soeliongan

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Serratia Liquefaciens

Abstract: Nosocomial infection is an infection which occurs in the hospital caused by microbacteria from the hospital. Infection in neonatal is a serious issue in each hospital until today. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is a care unit for newborn who needs special care. Nosocomial infection is often happening to babies in NICU. The objective is to determine the pattern of aerob bacteria causes nosocomial infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. The research used descriptive method with prospective study. The amount of samples are 30 and was taken according to category of care room, room instruments, medical equipments and air. Based on the results, there are 11 species of bacterias included Bacillus subtilis 13 samples (43,3%), Serratia liquefaciens 4 samples (13,3%), Lactobacillus 3 samples (10%), Enterobacter agglomerans 2 samples (6,7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 2 samples (6,7%), Proteus mirabilis 1 sample (3,3%), Proteus vulgaris 1 sample (3,3%), Streptococcus non hemoliticus 1 sample (3,3%), Diplococcus 1 sample (3,3%), gram-positive Coccus 1 sample (3,3%) and gram-negative Coccus 1 sample (3,3%).Keywords: nosocomial infection, NICU, aerob bacteriaAbstrak: Infeksi nosokomial adalah infeksi yang terjadi di rumah sakit oleh kuman yang berasal dari rumah sakit. Infeksi nosokomial yang terjadi pada bayi baru lahir sampai saat ini merupakan masalah yang serius disetiap rumah sakit. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) merupakan unit perawatan untuk bayi baru lahir yang memerlukan perawatan khusus. Infeksi nosokomial sering terjadi terutama pada bayi yang mendapat perawatan di NICU. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pola bakteri aerob penyebab infeksi nosokomial pada ruangan Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi prospektif. Sampel yang diteliti berjumlah 30 sampel dan di ambil berdasarkan kategori ruang perawatan, perabotan ruangan, peralatan medis dan udara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 11 spesies bakteri yaitu Bacillus subtilis 13 sampel (43,3%), Serratia liquefaciens 4 sampel (13,3%), Lactobacillus 3 sampel (10%), Enterobacter agglomerans 2 sampel (6,7%) dan Klebsiella pneumoniae 2 sampel (6,7%), Proteus mirabilis 1 sampel (3,3%), Proteus vulgaris 1 sampel (3,3%), Streptococcus non hemolitikus 1 sampel (3,3%), Diplokokus 1 sampel (3,3%), Kokus gram positif 1 sampel (3,3%) dan Kokus gram negatif 1 sampel (3,3%).Kata kunci: infeksi nosokomial, NICU, bakteri aerob

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Prevalence rates of infection in intensive care units of a tertiary teaching hospital

Revista do Hospital das Clínicas ◽

10.1590/s0041-87812003000500004 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 254-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carlos Toufen Junior ◽

André Luiz Dresler Hovnanian ◽

Suelene Aires Franca ◽

Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Related Factors ◽

Resistance Patterns ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence rates of infections among intensive care unit patients, the predominant infecting organisms, and their resistance patterns. To identify the related factors for intensive care unit-acquired infection and mortality rates. DESIGN: A 1-day point-prevalence study. SETTING:A total of 19 intensive care units at the Hospital das Clínicas - University of São Paulo, School of Medicine (HC-FMUSP), a teaching and tertiary hospital, were eligible to participate in the study. PATIENTS: All patients over 16 years old occupying an intensive care unit bed over a 24-hour period. The 19 intensive care unit s provided 126 patient case reports. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rates of infection, antimicrobial use, microbiological isolates resistance patterns, potential related factors for intensive care unit-acquired infection, and death rates. RESULTS: A total of 126 patients were studied. Eighty-seven patients (69%) received antimicrobials on the day of study, 72 (57%) for treatment, and 15 (12%) for prophylaxis. Community-acquired infection occurred in 15 patients (20.8%), non- intensive care unit nosocomial infection in 24 (33.3%), and intensive care unit-acquired infection in 22 patients (30.6%). Eleven patients (15.3%) had no defined type. The most frequently reported infections were respiratory (58.5%). The most frequently isolated bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae (33.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (16.9%; [100% resistant to methicillin]). Multivariate regression analysis revealed 3 risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired infection: age > 60 years (p = 0.007), use of a nasogastric tube (p = 0.017), and postoperative status (p = 0.017). At the end of 4 weeks, overall mortality was 28.8%. Patients with infection had a mortality rate of 34.7%. There was no difference between mortality rates for infected and noninfected patients (p=0.088). CONCLUSION: The rate of nosocomial infection is high in intensive care unit patients, especially for respiratory infections. The predominant bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus (resistant organisms). Factors such as nasogastric intubation, postoperative status, and age ³60 years were significantly associated with infection. This study documents the clinical impression that prevalence rates of intensive care unit-acquired infections are high and suggests that preventive measures are important for reducing the occurrence of infection in critically ill patients.

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Serratia marcescans Contamination of Antiseptic Soap Containing Triclosan: Implications for Nosocomial Infection

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700060690 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 427-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

M. Anita Barry ◽

Donald E. Craven ◽

Theresa A. Goularte ◽

Deborah A. Lichtenberg

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Surgical Intensive Care ◽

Time Kill ◽

The Impact

Abstract During a recent investigation in our surgical intensive care unit, we found that several bottles of the antiseptic handwashing soap, OR Scrub®, were contaminated with Serratia marcescens. OR Scrub® contains 1% triclosan, lanolin, and detergents. The antimicrobial efficacy of OR Scrub® was examined in vitro using serial two-fold dilutions of soap inoculated with various concentrations of different nosocomial pathogens. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of OR Scrub® against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and several strains of S. marcescens was ≤1:2 By comparison, a non-antiseptic soap from the same manufacturer (Wash®) and 4% chlorhexidine (Hibiclens®) had MBCs for all strains tested of at least 1:64. Time-kill curves confirmed the findings of the initial experiments.This is the first report of extrinsic contamination of antiseptic soap containing triclosan. No infections could be attributed to the contaminated soap, but sporadic outbreaks of Serratia have occurred in the intensive care unit with no identifiable source. Although there have been few studies on the impact of antiseptic soap in reducing nosocomial infection, we question whether a soap with the limitations of OR Scrub® should be used in intensive care units or operating rooms.

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XÁC ĐỊNH THÀNH PHẦN HÓA HỌC VÀ KHẢ NĂNG KHÁNG VI SINH VẬT CỦA CAO CHIẾT ETHANOL LY TRÍCH TỪ THÂN RỄ LOÀI THIÊN NIÊN KIỆN PI-E (HOMALOMENA PIERREANA)

Journal of Science and Technology - IUH ◽

10.46242/jst-iuh.v39i03.473 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (03) ◽

Author(s):

VĂN HỒNG THIỆN ◽

LÊ BÍCH TRÂM ◽

NGUYỄN THANH LAN ◽

HỒ NGUYỄN HOÀNG YẾN ◽

LƯU HỒNG TRƯỜNG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis

Nghiên cứu này đã xác định được mẫu nghiên cứu thu tại Vườn quốc gia Phú Quốc là loài Homalomena pierreana. Thông qua kỹ thuật sắc ký ghép khối phổ, 10 hợp chất thuộc nhóm sesquiterpene có trong cao chiết ethanol của thân rễ loài H. pierreana đã được xác định. Ngoài ra, cao chiết ethanol từ mẫu nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy khả năng kháng lại 6 chủng vi khuẩn kiểm định là Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis và Salmonella typhimurium.

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ANÁLISE DA COR E DA ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DE MICROCÁPSULAS CONTENDO LACTOFERRINA BOVINA

Boletim do Centro de Pesquisa de Processamento de Alimentos ◽

10.5380/cep.v32i2.39040 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

Author(s):

LUCIANA HELENA MAIA PORTE ◽

MARIA HELENA MIGUEZ ROCHA LEÃO ◽

ALEXANDRE PORTE

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Enterococcus Faecium ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Rhodococcus Equi ◽

Streptococcus Faecium

Lactoferrina bovina (bLF), proveniente do soro de leite, foimicroencapsulada pela técnica de spray drying. Microcápsulascontendo 20 % de bLF foram produzidas, utilizando-se comomaterial de parede dextrina: amido octenilsuccinato (OSA) emdiferentes proporções: 100:00, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 e 0:100 %.Foram avaliadas a cor e a estabilidade de cor das microcápsulassob armazenamento em ambientes com diferentes umidadesrelativas e a atividade antimicrobiana da lactoferrina liberadadas microcápsulas. As microcápsulas apresentaram cor clara etenderam a escurecer sob armazenamento em ambiente com altaumidade relativa. Verifi cou-se atividade inibitória das microcápsulasde bLF produzidas para diferentes bactérias Gram positivas(Bacillus subtilis CCT 2576, Staphylococcus aureus CCT 2740,Micrococcus luteus CCT 2692, Enterococcus faecium CCT 5079,Streptococcus faecium ATCC 10541, Rhodococcus equi CCT0541), Gram negativas (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 13388,Salmonella choleraesius CCT 4296, Escherichia coli CCT 0547) elevedura (Candida albicans ATCC 10231). A concentração inibitóriamínima (MIC) das microcápsulas variou de acordo com o microorganismotestado (MIC entre 2,5-100 mg.mL-1). Com exceção deB. subtilis (MIC entre 50-100 mg.mL-1 para as microcápsulas), aconcentração de bLF contida nas microcápsulas necessária parainibir o crescimento dos micro-organismos foi menor do que a bLFnativa. Esses resultados sugerem efeito de potencialização daatividade antimicrobiana da bLF após o processamento por spraydrying.

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Spatial Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Cyclopropane Derivative of Limonene

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300401 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300

Author(s):

Daniyar Sadyrbekov ◽

Timur Saliev ◽

Yuri Gatilov ◽

Ivan Kulakov ◽

Roza Seidakhmetova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Spatial Structure ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Gram Negative ◽

X Ray ◽

Cyclopropane Derivative

A cyclopropane derivative of limonene, (1 S, 4 S, 6 R)-7,7-dichloro-4-[(1 S)-2,2-dichloro-1-methylcyclopropyl]-1-methylbicyclo [4.1.0] heptane (compound 2), was synthesized and its structure was determined by NMR and X-ray crystallographic methods. In addition, an antimicrobial activity of the compound against Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative ( Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial strains was also scrutinized.

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Polyurethane Microstructures-a Good or Bad in vitro Partner for the Isoflavone Genistein?

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000640 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Corina Danciu ◽

Florin Borcan ◽

Codruta Soica ◽

Istvan Zupko ◽

Erzsébet Csányi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Practical Application ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Micro Structures

In recent years polyurethane microstructures (PM) have gained increasing attention in the pharmaceutical field due to the importance of their practical application. Since finding that such a formulation with genistein could improve its applications, we have conducted a preliminary study regarding the in vitro antiproliferative (MCF7, MDA-MB-231 and T47D) and antimicrobial ( Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis (D), Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, and Candida albicans) activity in order to test whether polyurethane micro structuresre present a good option for further modulation of genistein's bioavailability. It was concluded that the polyurethane micro structures are a bad in vitro partner for the isoflavone genistein.

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