scholarly journals Antibacterial substances of sponges, Agelas tubulata and Phyllospongia sp., from Manado Bay, against the growth of several bacterial strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Nani I.J Undap ◽  
Deiske A Sumilat ◽  
Robert Bara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Senyawa antibakteri spons, Agelas tubulata dan Phyllospongia sp., dari Perairan Teluk Manado, terhadap pertumbuhan beberapa strain bakteri Agelas tubulataand Phyllospongiasp. are marine spongethat contain active compoundsthat have potential to beantibacterial, anticancer and antifungal which have not been used. This study was aimed to examine the sponge extracts which inhibitbacterial growth, i.e. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, S. saprophyticus andtoanalyze the active fraction of the antibacterial component using bio-autographic method. Agelas tubulataand Phyllospongiasp. were collected from Manado Bayand method used in the study was Agar Diffusion Method. Results showed that A. tubulataand Phyllospongiasp. extract had antibacterial activity against all 5 bacteria tested. A. tubulataextract had inhibition zone withbroader spectrum than that of Phyllospongiasp. extract, while Phyllospongiasp. has specifity forP. mirabilis.Agelas tubulata danPhyllospongia sp. merupakan spesies spons laut yang mengandung senyawa aktif yang berpotensi antibakteri, antikanker dan antijamur yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ekstrak spons laut yang menghambat pertumbuhan 5 bakteri yaitu Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia colidan Staphylococcus saprophyticus dan menganalisis fraksi aktif antibakteri melalui teknik bioautografi. Spesies spons laut A. tubulata dan Phyllospongiasp. diambil dari Perairan Pantai Malalayang Manado. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode difusi agar. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu ekstrak A. tubulatadan Phyllospongiasp. mempunyai aktivitas terhadap 5 bakteri uji. EkstrakA. tubulatamemiliki daya hambat dengan spektrum yang lebih luas dibandingkan ekstrak Phyllospongiasp.sedangkanekstrak Phyllospongia sp.memiliki spesifitas terhadap bakteri P. mirabilis.

scholarly journals ANTIBAKTERI SENYAWA FENOLIK DARI ALANG -ALANG (IMPERATA CYLINDRICA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-126
Author(s):  
Jhon Patar Sinurat ◽  
Suci Wulandari ◽  
Rinaldo Berutu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Phytochemical screening test proved that the extract of Reeds (Imperata cylindrica) contained phenolic compounds tested using 5% FeCl3 reagent. Antibacterial test using agar diffusion method against Reeds extract in DMSO solvent. The phenolic compounds obtained from the saputangan leaves Reeds extract were 36.96 grams after undergoing maceration. Reeds extract of phenolic compounds with concentrations (200; 100; 50 and 25 ppm) had strength antibacterial where the average inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was 10.0 mm and the average inhibition zone was at Escherichia coli bacteria measuring 10.3 mm.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Phyllospongia lamellosa DARI PERAIRAN TUMBAK, MINAHASA TENGGARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Kartini Ratu ◽  
Herny E. I. Simbala ◽  
Henki Rotinsulu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Sponges are a component of coral reef biota. These sea animals are known to contain compounds that have the potential to be developed in the field of medicine, including as an antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans collected in the waters of Tumbak, Posumaen District, Southeast Minahasa. The antimicrobial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method. The results showed that the extract and fraction of Phyllospongia lamellose had antimicrobial activity seen in the inhibition zone formed around the paper disk against the test microbes. Ethanol extrack and fraction from Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans with an average value of 13,33 mm was categorized as strong , than in Staphylococcus aureus with an average value of 13 mm is categorized as strong and on Escherichia coli 11 mm categorized as strong. Keywords  :Phyllospongia lamellosa, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans ABSTRAK Spons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang.  Hewan laut ini diketahui mengandung senyawa- senyawa yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bidang pengobatan, diantaranya sebagai antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba spons Phyllospongia Lamellosa terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans yang diambil pada perairan Tumbak Kecamatan Posumaen, Minahasa Tenggara. Uji aktifitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak dan fraksi spons Phyllospongia lamellose memiliki aktifitas antimikroba dilihat zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar cakram kertas terhadap mikroba uji. Ekstrak etanol dan fraksi dari Spons Phyllospongia lamellosa menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba paling kuat terhadap candida albicans dengan nilai rata-rata 13,33 mm dikategorikan kuat, kemudian pada Staphylococcus aureus dengan nilai rata-rata 13 mm dikategorikan kuat, dan pada Escherichia coli 11 mm dikategorikan kuat. Kata Kunci :  Phyllospongia lamellosa, aktivitas antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans

scholarly journals Physico-chemical characterization and antibacterial activity of different types of honey tested on strains isolated from hospitalized patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia M. Junie ◽  
Mihaela L. Vică ◽  
Mirel Glevitzky ◽  
Horea V. Matei
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Physico Chemical

AbstractThe first aim of the study was to compare the antibacterial activity of several types of honey of different origins, against some bacterial resistant strains. The strains had been isolated from patients. The second aim was to discover the correlations between the antibacterial character of honey and the physico-chemical properties of the honey. Ten honey samples (polyfloral, linden, acacia, manna, and sunflower) from the centre of Romania were tested to determine their antibacterial properties against the following bacterial species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacterial cultures in nutrient broth and the culture medium Mueller-Hinton agar were used. The susceptibility to antibiotics was performed using the disk diffusion method. All honey samples showed antibacterial activity on the isolated bacterial strains, in particular polyfloral (inhibition zone 13-21 mm in diameter) - because it is the source of several plants, and manna (inhibition zone 13-19.5 mm in diameter), and sunflower (inhibition zone 14-18.5 mm in diameter). Pure honey has a significant antibacterial activity against some bacteria which are resistant to antibiotics. Bacterial strains differed in their sensitivity to honeys. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the most sensitive. The present study revealed that honey antibacterial activity depends on the origin of the honey. We also found that there was a significant correlation between antibacterial activity of honeys and the colour of the honey but not between acidity and pH. The statistical analysis showed that the honey type influences the antibacterial activity (diameter of the bacterial strains inhibition zones).

scholarly journals Preparation and Antibacterial Properties of Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionuţ Ledeţi ◽  
Vasile Bercean ◽  
Anda Alexa ◽  
Codruţa Şoica ◽  
Lenuţa-Maria Şuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Background. Both 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are nowadays incorporated in numerous antibacterial pharmaceutical formulations.Aim. Our study aimed to prepare three substituted 1,2,4-triazoles and to evaluate their antibacterial properties.Materials and Methods. One disubstituted and two trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles were prepared and characterised by physical and spectroscopic properties (melting point, FTIR, NMR, and GC-MS). The antibacterial properties were studied against three bacterial strains:Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923),Escherichia coli(ATCC 25922), andPseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853), by the agar disk diffusion method and the dilution method with MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) determination.Results. The spectroscopic characterization of compounds and the working protocol for the synthesis of the triazolic derivatives are described. The compounds were obtained with 15–43% yields and with high purities, confirmed by the NMR analysis. The evaluation of biological activities showed that the compounds act as antibacterial agents againstStaphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923), while being inactive againstEscherichia coli(ATCC 25922) andPseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853).Conclusions. Our results indicate that compounds containing 1,2,4-triazolic moiety have great potential in developing a wide variety of new antibacterial formulations.

scholarly journals Syntheses, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Screening of N-(benzothiazol-2-yl)benzenesulphonamide and its Cu(I), Ni(II), Mn(II), Co(II), and Zn(II) Complexes

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2354-2370 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Obasi ◽  
Okoye C. O. Benedict ◽  
P. O. Ukoha ◽  
A. O. Anaga
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains

N-(benzothiazol-2-yl)benzenesulphonamide (BS2ABT) was synthesized by the condensation (by refluxing) of 2-aminobenzothiazole and benzenesulphonylchloride in acetone at 140ºC. The resulting crude precipitates were recrystallized from dimethylformamide (DMF). Five metal complexes of copper(I), nickel(II), manganese(II), cobalt(II) and zinc(II) of the ligands were synthesized. The compounds were characterized using magnetic susceptibility measurements, UV/VIS spectrophotometry, infra red, proton and13C nmr spectroscopies. The antimicrobial tests of the ligands and its metal complexes were carried out on both multi-resistant bacterial strains isolated under clinical conditions and cultured species using agar-well diffusion method. The multi-resistant bacterial strains used wereEscherichia coli, Proteusspecies,Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Staphylococcus aureuswhich were isolated from dogs. The culture species werePseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853),Escherichia Coli(ATCC 25922)Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923), and the fungi,Candida krusei(ATCC 6258) andCandida albicans(ATCC 90028). The tests were bothin vitroandin vivo. Thus the Inhibition Zone Diameter (IZD), the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and the Lethal and Effective Concentrations (LC50and EC50) were determined. The antimicrobial activities of the compounds were compared with those of Ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole as antibacterial agents and Fluconazole as an antifungal drug. All the compounds showed varying activities against the cultured typed bacteria and fungi used. However, they were less active than the standard drugs used except Fluconazole which did not show any activity againstCandida krusei(ATCC 6258) but most of the compounds synthesized were very active against it. The Lethal Concentration (LC50) ranged from 26.25±4.9-1833.88±186.92 ppm. These are within the permissible concentrations.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF SIDDHARTAKA SNANA USED IN TREATMENT OF VICARCHIKA (ECZEMA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
E.R.H.S.S. Ediriweera ◽  
A.M.H.Y Perera ◽  
R. Senavirathne ◽  
R. Rajapaksha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

Vicarchika is a type of Kushta Roga (skin disease). It can be correlated with eczema. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa are some of the bacteria which cause skin diseases. Siddhartaka Snana is a herbal bath that is described in Charaka Samhita as a treatment for Kushta Roga. Siddhartaka Snana is a herbal preparation which consists ten herbs namely; Cyperus rotundus, Catunaregum spinosa, Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellarica, Cassia fistula, Pongamia pinnata, Holarrhena antidysentrica, Alastonia scholaris and Coscinum fenestratum. Antibacterial effect of Siddhartaka Snana against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa that are responsible for skin diseases was studied using disc diffusion method and well diffusion methods. In disc diffusion method, no inhibition zone was observed with any of the tested bacteria. However, an inhibition zone of 9.67mm was observed against Staphylococcus aureus in well diffusion method with Siddhartaka Snana. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Siddhartaka Snana against Staphylococcus aureus was 0.9225 mg/1ml. Ingredients of Siddhartaka Snana contain tannins, phenols and flavonoids, all of which possess antibacterial properties. Antibacterial effect of Siddhartaka Snana may have been exhibited due to actions of these phytochemicals. It was concluded that Siddhartaka Snana has an antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Efeito antimicrobiano do extrato de Cranberry sobre micro-organismos causadores de infecção urinária

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Carla Franco Porto Belmont Souza ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Souza da Silva Irineu ◽  
Renan Silva De Souza ◽  
Renato da Silva Teixeira ◽  
Ivina Sanches Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Mueller Hinton

A resistência microbiana tem se mostrado um problema de proporções mundiais, causando estado de morbidade e mortalidade em diversos pacientes. Em vista disso, tem crescido a busca por métodos alternativos naturais de profilaxia. A investigação clínica sugere que o Extrato de Cranberry está entre as melhores propostas de prevenção natural. O Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) é um fruto que tem crescido comercialmente pelo sabor e propriedades benéficas à saúde. Dentre as formas comercializadas estão: o suco, o chá e as cápsulas contendo o extrato seco. A ação desta planta está relacionada ao tratamento de doenças do trato urinário, por possuir substâncias que inibem a adesão bacteriana ao epitélio do trato urinário, dificultando sua proliferação e reprodução. Dentre todas as infecções relacionadas à assistência a saúde, a Infecção do Trato Urinário é a mais frequentemente associada a procedimentos invasivos. Se não for tratada, pode resultar em complicações como pielonefrite aguda, bacteremia e pionefrose. Portanto, cranberry pode ser uma nova alternativa para o combate das infecções uroepiteliais, por ser um produto natural de preço acessível, e com formas de comercialização diversificada, ao contrário dos antimicrobianos convencionais, que por sua vez são caros e podem acabar causando resistência nos micro-organismos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar in vitro a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato de Cranberry, adquirido em farmácia de manipulação, sobre 8 micro-organismos isolados de infecções urinárias. As cepas utilizadas, adquiridas da coleção da FIOCRUZ, foram: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marscecens, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis e Enterococcus faecium. No estudo, foram utilizados o caldo Mueller Hinton (MH), Extrato de Cranberry e as bactérias patogênicas. O ensaio foi realizado em triplicata, com o uso de um controle de crescimento dos micro-organismos e o experimento para avaliação do crescimento bacteriano na presença do extrato. A turbidez foi medida com o auxílio de um espectrofotômetro, no comprimento de onda de 600 nm, antes e após 24 horas de incubação à 37 ºC. O procedimento forneceu a Densidade Ótica, do qual possibilitou a identificação da inibição microbiana. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o Teste t de Student. O Extrato de Cranberry apresentou atividade antimicrobiana sobre as bactérias Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marscecens e Enterococcus faecalis (p < 0,05), confirmando seu efeito benéfico em infecções urinárias. No entanto, não teve efeito inibitório significativo sobre Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis e Enterococcus faecium (p > 0,05).

scholarly journals FLORAL EXTRACT OF Tibouchina granulosa (DESR.) COGN. PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROSPECTION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Pereira de Menezes Filho ◽  
Matheus Vinícius Abadia Ventura ◽  
Carlos Frederico de Souza Castro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Positive Results

Tibouchina granulosa is a species that blooms annually in several regions of Brazil. This species is still little explored in terms of phytocompounds in all organs of this plant, especially the floral organ. Flowers of T. granulosa were collected in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil, in 2021. The hydroethanolic floral extract was prepared by maceration and qualitative phytochemical (colorimetric reactions and salt formation) and antibacterial analyzes performed and the results expressed in millimeters of inhibition at different concentrations in mg mL-1. Several phytochemical classes were observed with positive results, especially for alkaloids, phenolics, oxylates, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins. As for the bacterial assay, potential antibacterial activity was observed for all bacterial strains tested, except for Salmonella serovar Thyphymurium and serovar Enteritidis. Expressive inhibitions were observed for Enterococcus faecalis > Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at the highest concentrations between 100-50 mg mL-1. The floral extract of Tibouchina granulosa showed phytotherapeutic potential with the presence of several phytochemical groups and expressive antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Antibacterial coating on biocomposites for cranio-facial reconstruction

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Anca Lazar ◽  
Dan Vodnar ◽  
Doina Prodan ◽  
Horatiu Rotaru ◽  
Calin Rares Roman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Craniofacial Implants ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics

Background and aims. Despite the fact that implants are sterilized, antiseptic techniques are applied and systemic antibiotics are routinely administered prior to and after craniofacial surgery, infection rates between 3% and 40% are still reported for alloplastic implants, urging for implant removal. The present study focuses on the development of a fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) implant for craniofacial reconstruction with antimicrobial properties.Methods. A new fiber-reinforced composite coated with gentamicin was developed and tested for bacterial adherence and antibacterial efficiency, using two of the most involved bacterial strains in the postoperative infections: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Results. Bacteria were efficiently inactivated in direct contact with gentamicin coatings (p<0.05). The inhibition zone for Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 17.21 mm to 20.13 mm and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranged from 12.93 mm to 15.33 mm. Although no significant statistical results were found for bacterial adhesion and gentamicin concentration, (Staphylococcus aureus: β= -0.974; p=0.144>0.05 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: β = -0.921; p=0.255>0.05), a negative relation was observed, indicating the reversed relation between the antibiotic dosage and the bacterial adherence.Conclusion. The results of the two applied microbiological protocols used in the study suggested that gentamicin eluting coating inhibited not only the bacterial growth, but also led to a lower initial bacterial adhesion to the surface of the implant. Thus, antibiotic coating of craniofacial implants may reduce the infection rate related to reconstructive surgery.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Endophytic and Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with “Mile-a-Minute,” Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavithra L. Jayatilake ◽  
Helani Munasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi

Endophytic and rhizosphere fungi are understood to be aiding the host plant to overcome a range of biotic and abiotic stresses (nutrition depletion, droughts, etc.) hence, they remain to be reservoirs of plethora of natural products with immense use. Consequently, this investigation of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi isolated from Mikania cordata (a perennial vine that is well established in Sri Lanka) for their antimicrobial properties was performed with the aim of future derivation of potential beneficial pharmaceutical products. Leaves, twigs, and roots of M. cordata were utilized to isolate a total of 9 endophytic fungi out of which the highest amount (44%) accounted was from the twigs. A sample of the immediate layer of soil adhering to the root of M. cordata was utilized to isolate 15 rhizosphere fungi. Fusarium equiseti and Phoma medicaginis were endophytes that were identified based on colony and molecular characteristics. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity depicted by F. equiseti (MK517551) was found to be significantly greater (p≤0.05, inhibitory against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) than P. medicaginis (MK517550) (inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) as assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma asperellum were rhizospere fungi that exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties against the test pathogens chosen for the study. T. asperellum indicated significantly greater bioactivity against all four bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 under study. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the fungi depicting antimicrobial properties were determined. The results obtained suggest that F. equiseti, P. medicaginis, T. asperellum, and T. virens of M. cordata harness bioprospective values as natural drug candidates. This is the first report on isolation and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of Mikania cordata.

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