Preparation and Antibacterial Properties of Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles

Background. Both 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are nowadays incorporated in numerous antibacterial pharmaceutical formulations.Aim. Our study aimed to prepare three substituted 1,2,4-triazoles and to evaluate their antibacterial properties.Materials and Methods. One disubstituted and two trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles were prepared and characterised by physical and spectroscopic properties (melting point, FTIR, NMR, and GC-MS). The antibacterial properties were studied against three bacterial strains:Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923),Escherichia coli(ATCC 25922), andPseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853), by the agar disk diffusion method and the dilution method with MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) determination.Results. The spectroscopic characterization of compounds and the working protocol for the synthesis of the triazolic derivatives are described. The compounds were obtained with 15–43% yields and with high purities, confirmed by the NMR analysis. The evaluation of biological activities showed that the compounds act as antibacterial agents againstStaphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923), while being inactive againstEscherichia coli(ATCC 25922) andPseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853).Conclusions. Our results indicate that compounds containing 1,2,4-triazolic moiety have great potential in developing a wide variety of new antibacterial formulations.

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Physico-chemical characterization and antibacterial activity of different types of honey tested on strains isolated from hospitalized patients

Journal of Apicultural Science ◽

10.1515/jas-2016-0013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 5-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lia M. Junie ◽

Mihaela L. Vică ◽

Mirel Glevitzky ◽

Horea V. Matei

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Physico Chemical

AbstractThe first aim of the study was to compare the antibacterial activity of several types of honey of different origins, against some bacterial resistant strains. The strains had been isolated from patients. The second aim was to discover the correlations between the antibacterial character of honey and the physico-chemical properties of the honey. Ten honey samples (polyfloral, linden, acacia, manna, and sunflower) from the centre of Romania were tested to determine their antibacterial properties against the following bacterial species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacterial cultures in nutrient broth and the culture medium Mueller-Hinton agar were used. The susceptibility to antibiotics was performed using the disk diffusion method. All honey samples showed antibacterial activity on the isolated bacterial strains, in particular polyfloral (inhibition zone 13-21 mm in diameter) - because it is the source of several plants, and manna (inhibition zone 13-19.5 mm in diameter), and sunflower (inhibition zone 14-18.5 mm in diameter). Pure honey has a significant antibacterial activity against some bacteria which are resistant to antibiotics. Bacterial strains differed in their sensitivity to honeys. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the most sensitive. The present study revealed that honey antibacterial activity depends on the origin of the honey. We also found that there was a significant correlation between antibacterial activity of honeys and the colour of the honey but not between acidity and pH. The statistical analysis showed that the honey type influences the antibacterial activity (diameter of the bacterial strains inhibition zones).

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Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Endophytic and Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with “Mile-a-Minute,” Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/5292571 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavithra L. Jayatilake ◽

Helani Munasinghe

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Rhizosphere Fungi

Endophytic and rhizosphere fungi are understood to be aiding the host plant to overcome a range of biotic and abiotic stresses (nutrition depletion, droughts, etc.) hence, they remain to be reservoirs of plethora of natural products with immense use. Consequently, this investigation of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi isolated from Mikania cordata (a perennial vine that is well established in Sri Lanka) for their antimicrobial properties was performed with the aim of future derivation of potential beneficial pharmaceutical products. Leaves, twigs, and roots of M. cordata were utilized to isolate a total of 9 endophytic fungi out of which the highest amount (44%) accounted was from the twigs. A sample of the immediate layer of soil adhering to the root of M. cordata was utilized to isolate 15 rhizosphere fungi. Fusarium equiseti and Phoma medicaginis were endophytes that were identified based on colony and molecular characteristics. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity depicted by F. equiseti (MK517551) was found to be significantly greater (p≤0.05, inhibitory against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) than P. medicaginis (MK517550) (inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) as assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma asperellum were rhizospere fungi that exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties against the test pathogens chosen for the study. T. asperellum indicated significantly greater bioactivity against all four bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 under study. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the fungi depicting antimicrobial properties were determined. The results obtained suggest that F. equiseti, P. medicaginis, T. asperellum, and T. virens of M. cordata harness bioprospective values as natural drug candidates. This is the first report on isolation and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of Mikania cordata.

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SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROFILE OF SOME NEWER HETEROCYCLES BEARING THIAZOLE MOIETY

Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry - Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 28, No. 28, 2020 ◽

10.48141/sbjchem.v20.n20.2012.64_revista_2012a.pdf ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (20) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

RAJUL GUPTA ◽

Neeraj Kumar FULORIA ◽

Shivkanya FULORIA

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Acetic Anhydride ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Various substituted acetophenones on treatment. with iodine and thiourea yielded 2-amino-4-( substituted-phenyl)-thiazole, which on further treatment with acetic anhydride generated N-(4-(substituted phenyl)thiazol-2-ylacetamide(1-5). All the synthesized compounds were characterized by their respective FTIR, 1H NMR, and mass data. Synthesized compounds (l, 2, 3, 4, 5) when subjected to investigation for their antimicrobial activities i.e. antibacterial and antifungal studies against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus by disk diffusion method, revealed that compound 2 deemed to be most potent with the largest zone of inhibition.

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Antibacterial properties of quercetin

Microbiology Research ◽

10.4081/mr.2017.6877 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Renu Narendra Jaisinghani

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Shigella Flexneri ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

E Coli ◽

Broth Dilution

Quercetin is a polyphenolic flavonoid with potential chemoprotective properties. In the present work its antibacterial properties were studied against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus casei var shirota by broth dilution method. Quercetin inhibited S. aureus, P. aeruginosa at concentration 20 mcg/mL while P. vulgaris and E. coli were inhibited at concentration 300 mcg/mL and 400 mcg/mL respectively. Shigella flexneri and Lactobacillus casei var shirota were completely indifferent even at concentration of 500 mcg/mL.

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Antibacterial substances of sponges, Agelas tubulata and Phyllospongia sp., from Manado Bay, against the growth of several bacterial strains

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.5.1.2017.24253 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Nani I.J Undap ◽

Deiske A Sumilat ◽

Robert Bara

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Agar Diffusion Method ◽

Bahasa Indonesia

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Senyawa antibakteri spons, Agelas tubulata dan Phyllospongia sp., dari Perairan Teluk Manado, terhadap pertumbuhan beberapa strain bakteri Agelas tubulataand Phyllospongiasp. are marine spongethat contain active compoundsthat have potential to beantibacterial, anticancer and antifungal which have not been used. This study was aimed to examine the sponge extracts which inhibitbacterial growth, i.e. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, S. saprophyticus andtoanalyze the active fraction of the antibacterial component using bio-autographic method. Agelas tubulataand Phyllospongiasp. were collected from Manado Bayand method used in the study was Agar Diffusion Method. Results showed that A. tubulataand Phyllospongiasp. extract had antibacterial activity against all 5 bacteria tested. A. tubulataextract had inhibition zone withbroader spectrum than that of Phyllospongiasp. extract, while Phyllospongiasp. has specifity forP. mirabilis.Agelas tubulata danPhyllospongia sp. merupakan spesies spons laut yang mengandung senyawa aktif yang berpotensi antibakteri, antikanker dan antijamur yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ekstrak spons laut yang menghambat pertumbuhan 5 bakteri yaitu Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia colidan Staphylococcus saprophyticus dan menganalisis fraksi aktif antibakteri melalui teknik bioautografi. Spesies spons laut A. tubulata dan Phyllospongiasp. diambil dari Perairan Pantai Malalayang Manado. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode difusi agar. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu ekstrak A. tubulatadan Phyllospongiasp. mempunyai aktivitas terhadap 5 bakteri uji. EkstrakA. tubulatamemiliki daya hambat dengan spektrum yang lebih luas dibandingkan ekstrak Phyllospongiasp.sedangkanekstrak Phyllospongia sp.memiliki spesifitas terhadap bakteri P. mirabilis.

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Effect of AZADIRACHTA INDICA (Neem) leave extract on Some Selected Bacteria

Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal ◽

10.47648/zhswmcj.2021.v0302.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (Number 2) ◽

pp. 3-6

Author(s):

Tuhin Jahan ◽

Zinnat Ara Begum ◽

Sayeeda Sultana ◽

Rokhsana Dil Afroz ◽

Mosa Shaheli Binty Hossain

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Agar Disc

Azadirachta indica (Neem) is an herbal plant widely distributed in our subcontinent during all seasons. This study was carried out to detect the effect of Azadirachta indica (Neem) leave extract on some selected bacteria. The prospective study was carried out during the period of July 2005 to June 2006. Micro-organisms which are commonly responsible for infection in our country such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were considered. Extract of Neem leave that is Aqueous Neem leave extract (ANLE) was prepared by filtration and evaporation. Effect against bacteria was examined by detection of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by using ‘Broth dilution method’ and by detection of bacterial susceptibility by ‘Agar disc diffusion method’ and compare with cefepime. For ANLE the MICs against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 800 μg/ml, 1200 μg/ml, 1400 μg/ml and 1400 μg/ml respectively. With those MICs the average diameter of zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus with ANLE and cefepime was 20mm and 30mm respectively. Salmonella typhi exhibit sensitivity with zone of inhibition of 19mm, 26.5mm against ANLE and cefepime. Escherichia coli were sensitive against ANLE and cefepime with 17.5mm, 23.5mm zone of inhibition respectively. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa zone of inhibition was 16mm, and 21mm by ANLE, and cefepime respectively. Aqueous Leave extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) have antibacterial activity against ‘staphylococcus aureus, salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa’ compared with Cefepime. Among all test bacteria staphylococcus aureus has lowest MICs.

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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etilasetat Kulit Kayu Akway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) Pada Bakso Daging Sapi Selama Penyimpanan

Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan ◽

10.17728/jatp.6097 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 50-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gino Nemesio Cepeda ◽

Meike Meilan Lisangan ◽

Isak Silamba ◽

Nitia Nilawati ◽

Eka Syartika

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

Akway (Drimys piperita Hook.f.) adalah tumbuhan obat yang digunakan oleh Suku Sougb Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak Papua Barat untuk mengobati malaria. Penelitian-penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan obat bersifat antibakteri yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi antibakteri ekstrak etilasetat kulit kayu akway secara in vitro dan aplikasinya sebagai pengawet bakso daging sapi dalam penyimpanan suhu ruang dan refrigerator. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak secara in vitro dilakukan pada konsentrasi 0-25% (b/v) dengan menggunakan metode difusi sumur dalam medium agar sedangkan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dalam model pangan bakso daging sapi dilakukan pada konsentrasi 0-0,75% (b/v) dengan menggunakan metode angka lempeng total. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etilasetat dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Bacillus cereus ATCC10876, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 secara in vitro dengan konsentrasi penghambatan minimum sebesar 0,27-0,77% (b/v). Konsentrasi ekstrak berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan menyebabkan semakin besar pula zona hambat pertumbuhannya. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri dalam bakso daging sapi menunjukkan bahwa pencelupan bakso dalam ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 0,25-0,75% (b/v) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri selama 3-8 hari untuk penyimpanan pada suhu ruang sedangkan pada penyimpanan refrigerator adalah 15-33 hari. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak etilasetat kulit kayu akway sangat berpotensi digunakan sebagai pengawet model pangan bakso daging sapi.Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Akway (Drimys piperita Hook.f.) Barks on Meatballs during Storage AbstractAkway (Drimys piperita Hook.f.) is a medical plant used by Sougb Tribe, Arfak Mountains Regency, West Papua Province to heal malaria. Previous researches indicated that medical plants had strong antibacterial properties. The objectives of the research were to evaluate in vitro antibacterial potency of ethylacetate extracts of akway barks and its applications as preservative agent on meatballs during room temperature and cold storage. In vitro antibacterial assays were done on concentration of 0-25% (w/v) using agar well diffusion method while antibacterial assays on meatballs on concentration of 0-0.75% (w/v) were performed using total plate counts methods. Results showed that ethylacetate extracts inhibited in vitro growth of Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Bacillus cereus ATCC10876, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 with MIC of 0.27-0.77% (w/v). Concentration of extracts significantly affected the growth of bacteria. The increasing of extract concentrations result in increasing diameters of growth inhibition zones. Meatballs soaked in extract solutions with concentrations of 0.25-0.75% (w/v) inhibited growth of bacteria during 3-8 days in room temperature storage and 15-33 days during cold storage in refrigerator. As conclusion, ethylacetate extracts of akway barks had high potent use as preservative agent in food model of meatballs.

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Garlic Extract (Allium sativum L.) Effectively Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by Invitro Test

Tropical Health and Medical Research ◽

10.35916/thmr.v0i0.22 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 61-68

Author(s):

Agnina Listya Anggraini ◽

Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti ◽

Anny Thuraidah

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Garlic Extract ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Initial Stage

Infection is a disease caused by the presence of pathogenic microbes, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has chemical contents such as allicin, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, which can function as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the antibacterial properties of garlic extract powder against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This research is the initial stage of the development of herbal medicines to treat Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infections. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the liquid dilution method. The concentrations used were 30 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL and 70 mg/mL. The results showed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 40 mg/mL and 50 mg / mL. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) results for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 50 mg/mL and 70 mg/mL. Based on the Simple Linear Regression test, the R2 value of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is 0.545 and 0.785, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of garlic extract powder on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by 54.5% and 78.5%. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract powder has potential as herbal medicine against bacterial infections but requires further research to determine its effect in vivo.

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Antibacterial Activity of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma: AnIn VitroStudy

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/9471723 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Agata Cieślik-Bielecka ◽

Tadeusz Bold ◽

Grzegorz Ziółkowski ◽

Marcin Pierchała ◽

Aleksandra Królikowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Bovine Thrombin ◽

Zones Of Inhibition

The aim of the study was to investigate the leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) antimicrobial activity. The studied sample comprised 20 healthy males. The L-PRP gel, liquid L-PRP, and thrombin samples were testedin vitrofor their antibacterial properties against selected bacterial strains using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Two types of thrombin were used (autologous and bovine). Zones of inhibition produced by L-PRP ranged between 6 and 18 mm in diameter. L-PRP inhibited the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA and MSSA strains) and was also active againstEnterococcus faecalisandPseudomonas aeruginosa. There was no activity againstEscherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniae. The statistically significant increase of L-PRP antimicrobial effect was noted with the use of major volume of thrombin as an activator. Additionally, in groups where a bovine thrombin mixture was added to L-PRP the zones of inhibition concerning MRSA,Enterococcus faecalis, andPseudomonas aeruginosawere larger than in the groups with autologous thrombin. Based on the conducted studies, it can be determined that L-PRP can evokein vitroantimicrobial effects and might be used to treat selected infections in the clinical field. The major volume of thrombin as an activator increases the strength of the L-PRP antimicrobial effect.

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Synthesis of CoFe 2 O 4 /BiOI Nanocomposite: Effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Bacillus Cereus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-842251/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Davood Gheidari ◽

Morteza Mehrdad ◽

Saloomeh Maleki ◽

Samanesadat Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Limited Area ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Inhibition Concentration ◽

Resolution Mapping

Abstract With the increase of general knowledge and the advancement of science and technology, antibacterial substances were used more than antibiotics. In our current study, the antibacterial virtues of CFO/BiOI nanocomposite were investigated due to its high importance on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. MIC, MBC , Disk Diffusion and IC50 tests Cefalotin (CF), Amoxicillin (AMX), Gentamicin (GM), Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (SXT) and Ceftriaxone (CRO) antibiotics in concentration 30W, 10i, 10t , 25h and 30 were used to find the antibacterial properties of the synthesized nanocomposite, respectively. For the synthesis of nanocomposites polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfonic acid was used as a solvent. It is noteworthy that the synthesis was performed by heat dissolution method without the presence of surfactant. Also, various techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), High resolution mapping and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) have been used to determine the properties of produced nanocomposites. SEM test results showed that the formed nanoparticles were globular and their size was limited area of 22 to 34 nm. The results showed CFO / BiOI nanocomposite exhibits strong significant biological activity against Bacillus cereus. The results of MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) and MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) tests for CFO/BiOI nanocomposites on bacteria were examined in the range of 0.12-0.48 mg/ml and 0.06 to 0.24 mg/ml respectively. According to the results, the minimum IC50 value was determined at a concentration of 0.061 mg/ml. On the other hand, the most resisting and susceptible bacteria in this method were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus, respectively. These findings are identical to those of a prior study on CoFe2O4 nanoparticles antibacterial properties. MBC of the nanocomposites, 50 µl from all the tubes that showed no obvious bacterial growth were distributed on BHI agar plates and incubated for 24 h at 37 ◦C. The MBC endpoint is defined as the lowest concentration which killed 98% of the bacterial population.

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