Assessing the Impact of International Sanctions on Russian Economy Sectors Using Network Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-314
Author(s):  
A. V. Altukhov ◽  
V. A. Bannikova ◽  
E. O. Matveev ◽  
S. A. Tishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Export Flows ◽  
The Impact

This study presents the results of the economic modeling of commodity export flows from the Russian Federation in 2012–2016.Aim. The study aims to assess the direct and indirect effects of the US and European sanctions on export flows from Russia.Tasks. The authors collect the necessary data and carry out modeling using modern analysis methods to obtain a complete picture of the effects of sanctions on Russia, including a quantitative assessment of these effects.Methods. The modeling is based on network analysis, which was selected after consulting a wide range of scientific works and examining possible alternative methodological approaches to the problem under consideration.Results. The authors successfully complete network modeling for the major export commodity groups of the Russian Federation: aluminum, gas, and oil (including crude oil); formulate and test the hypothesis of Russia’s changing role in international trade as a result of sanctions; summarize the results of the model calculations of the aggregate effects of sanctions pressure on the export of the major commodity groups from Russia.Conclusion. In general, sanctions pressure has an obvious negative impact on the Russian economy, but the timeframe and scope of this impact are not up to the original estimates of the US and the European countries that introduced these sanctions.

scholarly journals Analyzing Impact of Computer Attacks on the Banking System of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
A. A. Salcutan
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
International System ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Computer Attacks ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swift System

The article analyzes damage caused by attacking finance organizations in the Russian Federation through activization of hacker groups. The mentioned attacks were mainly directed at banking cards’ processing, cash machines and the SWIFT system, an international system of transmitting finance information and payments. The growth in hacker penetrations can be seen in all sectors of Russian economy, it is based on informational confrontation and aims at destabilization of considerable objects of critical information infrastructure. Today special attention is paid to attacks of hacker groups, which get financing from states and criminal groupings in order to exert influence on the leading banks of the world. The author investigated the key methods of attacks of finance organizations. The role of the Federal service on technical and export control and the Department of information security of the Bank of Russia was described. By assessing the impact of computer attacks the author came to the conclusion that the Russian banking sector is vulnerable to computer attacks on informational systems that could cause damage not only to small but also big credit organizations, which possess over 60% of the Russian banking sector assets.  

EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
A. V. DZHIOEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Powerful Factor ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article analyzes the reasons for the unstable development of the Russian economy in the period after the introduction of sanctions by the US and EU countries. It is shown that in the context of the fourth industrial revolution in Russia, it is extremely important to actively increase and effectively use such a powerful factor of economic growth and achieving international competitiveness as national intellectual capital.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CYCLICAL GOVERNMENT DEBT RELATIONS ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPACE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Илья Владимирович Тишин
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Mechanical Transformation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Special Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Instruments

Статья посвящена вопросам влияния государственных долговых отношений на трансформации финансовой системы Российской Федерации. Цель работы - обозначить проблему цикличности развития долговых отношений в России. Ее можно рассматривать как общую форму и тенденцию долговых отношений государства, однако актуальным является изучение особых факторов, модифицирующих циклы, что особенно применительно к современному этапу становления социально-экономического пространства. Научная новизна работы заключается в выявлении тенденций российской экономики, происходящих на фоне (а частично и по результатам) кризиса циклического развития долговых отношений государства. В данном случае речь идет о, своего рода, институционально-механической трансформации в финансовом секторе экономики, в рамках которой происходит внедрение ряда новых, пока еще не характерных для российских условий, инструментов. The article is devoted to the impact of government debt relations on the transformation of the financial system. The purpose of the research is to outline the problem of cyclical government debt relations. It can be considered as a general form and tendency of state debt relations, however, the study of special factors, modifying cycles, which is applicable to the modern stage of the socio-economic space, is also relevant. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the identification of trends in the Russian economy, taking place against the background of the cyclical government debt relations crisis. We are talking about a kind of institutional-mechanical transformation in the financial sector of the economy. This transformation stimulates the introduction of new instruments.

scholarly journals Modelling the employed in the Russian economy given the impact of pension reform and the coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 01033
Author(s):  
Eugene Pitukhin ◽  
Marina Astafyeva ◽  
Maxim Kukolev
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Education System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Demographic Forecast

The article is devoted to forecasting changes in the number of people employed in the economy of the Russian Federation, which should occur as a result of the effects of the pension reform in 2018 and also the coronavirus pandemic in 2020. The demographic forecast of the population of the Russian Federation until 2030 is used as the dominant forecasting factor. The influencing factors on the process dynamics are the employment levels. The forecast of employment levels is based on the factors of the pension reform in 2018 and the coronavirus pandemic in 2020. The following trends are also being demonstrated: an increase in employment due to ”former” pensioners remaining in work, and a decline in employment due to an increase in the number of unemployed because of coronavirus pandemic. For the duration of the pension reform, the economy’s annual need for human resources will decrease. This will cause difficulties in finding a job for the majority of applicants – graduates of the vocational education system. The situation will be further aggravated by rising unemployment due to the reduction of jobs in the economy caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

The European green deal: risks and opportunities for Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gennadievich Karpovich ◽  
Anton Sergeevich Vilchinskii
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
National Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

In December 2019 the European Union presented an ambitious plan called the Green Deal which is aimed at combating climate change. In the EU 2021–2027 budget approved in 2020 about 25 % of the expenditures are allocated for climate projects. Legal framework of the project was established in summer 2021. Its elements can impact seriously the structure and dynamics of the EU's relations with its leading trading partners, including the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the impact the European Green Agenda has on Russia, which has its own approaches to combating climate change. They form an integral part of national development priorities system. Having analyzed the relevant strategic documents, the authors compare the directions of environmental policies of the Russian Federation and the EU. Attention is paid to the goals and objectives, as well as to the proposed tools for reducing and absorbing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The paper also provides a detailed description of the "Fit for 55" package of measures and determines its significance for Russia. The study examines a wide range of economic and political risks for Russia in the mid and long terms. In addition, the consequences of the introduction of a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism for the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation are highlighted. Furthermore, the article presents possible dynamics of a competition in the international energy market amid the implementation of the "Green Deal" and the transition to a low-carbon economy. As a result of the research, possible economic and political measures in internal and external dimensions aimed at mitigating risks are suggested. Moreover, possible ways to improve the effectiveness of combating climate change and the reduction of harmful emissions are put forward. In addition, the research identifies prospects for cooperation in ecology between Russia and the EU.

Influence of Monetary Policy on Technological Development of the Economy in a Long-Term Aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Elena A. Matchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation

Monetary policy currently pursued by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation is a reflection of external market conditions. Regulatory approaches should, in particular, help reduce the dependence of monetary policy on external factors — such as oil prices, foreign loans, access to foreign markets, etc. This is not about completely isolating the monetary sphere of the Russian Federation from parameters and the external environment. It is required to refuse close, automatic communication with the given parameters. It is necessary to increase the stability of the monetary system of the Russian Federation and the economy as a whole in relation to external shocks. This can be done through more active use of a wide range of tools available to the regulator. These include monetary and regulatory mechanisms (interest rates, reserve requirements, foreign exchange positions, etc.), gold reserves, verbal interventions, etc., which can have a stimulating effect on economic growth. The high volatility of the ruble now observed makes it extremely difficult for enterprises to plan and forecast, thereby making it impossible for the normal course of investment processes and expanded reproduction. In order to use monetary mechanisms to stimulate economic growth and eliminate the negative effects of current monetary policy (in particular, implemented since autumn 2014), a departure from inflation targeting and free floating of the ruble exchange rate is necessary. At the same time, it is obviously necessary to abandon many components or closely related elements (for example, “monetary contraction”). In addition, steps will be needed to stabilize the foreign exchange market, which would have positive effects (falling volatility, lower inflation, etc.). Under current conditions, with limited access to external financial resources, it is important to use mechanisms for generating financial flows based on internal sources. In other words, the monetary base should be formed due to internal factors, and not depend on the dynamics of energy prices. In previous years, the main emphasis in the Russian economy was placed on the external sphere as a source of growth financing. Restricting access to external cheap financial resources (due to low oil prices, sanctions, etc.), as well as continuing geopolitical tensions with regard to Russia, reduce the possibilities for implementing longterm investment projects in the economy. This increases the relevance of national mechanisms and sources of formation of the resource base (including long) necessary to refinance previously taken loans, as well as to implement structural changes in the Russian economy.

scholarly journals Strategic Directions of Digitalization for the Development of Employment in Small and Medium-sized Businesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-420
Author(s):  
O. V. Dmitrieva ◽  
R. I. Antonenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Digital Infrastructure ◽  
Absolute Volume ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Internal Costs ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: this article identifies strategic directions for the development of digital infrastructure that affect the level of employment in the segments of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation, including identifying opportunities and threats for their implementation.Methods: the research involves the use of a complex of scientific methods – general (analysis, analysis, synthesis, comparison, comparison); econometric (tools of linear regression using the least squares method); elements of the strategy methodology of Professor V.L. Kvint (OTSWanalysis).Results: the study examines China's experience in developing and integrating digital infrastructure into the economy. The impact of these system-forming transformations on employment in various business segments is considered. The current policy of the Russian Federation in the aspects of digital transformation and digitalization is analyzed. The results of the implementation of this policy and the consequences of its implementation in the Russian economy are studied. By constructing an econometric model, the strategic directions of digitalization have been identified, which determine employment in the segments of small and medium-sized businesses in the conditions of economic and technological realities. Based on the OTSW-analysis, the opportunities and threats posed by the digitalization process were considered in terms of their impact on small and medium-sized businesses and employment in these segments of the economy.Conclusions and Relevance: the authors found that the most important strategic aspects of digitalization processes that directly affect the development of employment in the Russian segments of small and medium-sized businesses are: internal costs for research and development of digital solutions; the share of the population with access to the Internet; the absolute volume of investment in ICT. A clear understanding of the potential opportunities and threats of the planned strategic priorities will contribute to the effectiveness of the further development of the Russian digital infrastructure.

scholarly journals УГРОЗЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ И ПУТИ ИХ СНИЖЕНИЯ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Uskova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

В статье дан анализ влияния ключевых угроз, влияние которых существенно снижает экономическую безопасность Российской Федерации. Сделан вывод о том, среди ключевых угроз безопасности экономики России низкие темпы экономического роста, продолжающаяся примитивизация структуры, высокая зависимость от энергосырьевого сектора, технологическая отсталость индустриального сектора, недостаток инвестиций, низкая инновационная активность. In this article, we analyze the impact of key threats which significantly reduce the economic security of the Russian Federation. We come to the conclusion that key threats to the security of the Russian economy include low rates of economic growth, ongoing simplification of the structure, high dependence on the energyresource sector, technological backwardness of the industrial sector, lack of investments, low innovation activity.

Waste management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Борис Бобович ◽  
Boris Bobovich
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The training manual provides an analysis of waste management mechanisms in foreign countries. The normative legal base of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management is considered. The third edition of the amendments to the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management as of January 1, 2018, the procedure for registration of the passport of hazardous waste. The composition of the Federal classification catalog of waste is given. The procedure of assessment of the impact of the production enterprise on the environment is considered. The recommendations for the preparation of documents for approval by the Supervisory authorities of the draft standards of waste and limits on their placement. The standards of payment for waste disposal, approved for 2017, 2018, as well as lowering and increasing the coefficients to the payment rates, designed to stimulate enterprises to use the best available technologies for waste management and reduce the volume of their placement, which are gradually introduced from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2020. The procedure of Federal statistical accounting of waste and objects having a negative impact on the environment is considered. The fundamentals of existing waste management mechanisms through environmental control, licensing, environmental assessment, environmental audit and environmental insurance are considered. Measures of responsibility for non-compliance with the legislation on waste management are considered. Methodical materials for the educational process are given: tests for intermediate control of knowledge and recommendations on the topics of abstracts and reports of students on the discipline "waste Management". The textbook meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of "Technosphere safety", as well as for a wide range of engineering and technical workers of various industries.

Terrorism and extremism: a system of prevention among youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ulyanina ◽  
Azalia Zinatullina ◽  
Elena Lyubka
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The paper describes the theoretical, methodological and organizational and legal aspects of preventing the impact of the ideology of extremism and terrorism in the Russian Federation; the features of modern extremism and terrorism in Russia are outlined; analyzed the role of the global Internet in the spread of the ideology of terrorism. A system for the prevention of the ideology of extremism and terrorism in educational organizations has been developed and presented, which provides for a wide range of organizational and practical measures. The publication is addressed to administrators of education, teachers, educational psychologists of educational institutions of higher education.

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