Developing a Typology of Regions Based on Their Predisposition to Scientific and Technological Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 775-785
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Myslyakova
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Classification Of Regions ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Aim. The presented study aims to describe the proposed typology of regions based on their  predisposition to scientific and technological development in the context of hereditary industrial, social, and institutional determinants of economic territorial development.  Tasks. The authors develop a methodological approach to forming a basic criterion for the classification of regions; develop a methodology for the classification of regions based on their  predisposition to scientific and technological development with allowance for the economic  impact of their hereditary core; test the authors’ developments on the regions of the Russian  Federation.  Methods. This study uses tools for modeling the hereditary socio-economic core of regions based  on the calculation of Frobenius norms to identify the prevailing dynamic trends in territorial  development, and a matrix method for developing a regional typology. The methodology applied  by the authors focuses on identifying territories that are more susceptible to technological  transformations, including those that ensure the significant impact of these transformations  on the national economy.  Results. The study tests the authors’ developments on Russian regions and provides two  typologies. The first typology groups regions according to criteria such as stable positive  predisposition, permissible positive predisposition, negative predisposition, and stable negative predisposition to scientific and technological development. The second typology identifies regions with hereditary capital, regions with useful heredity, regions with defective  useful heredity, regions with the effect of a large hereditary base, regions with defective  heredity, and regions with significant defective heredity. The developed typologies make it  possible to identify regions that serve as the opposite poles of scientific and technological  transformations as well as high-risk regions with unjustified investment in innovative economic activities.  Conclusions. Industrially developed regions are more predisposed to scientifific and technological  development, and expansion of innovations will be implemented faster in these regions compared  with others. The Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions have an elastic industrial heritage, which is  manifested in the successful implementation of a wide range of innovative tasks. Comparative  analysis also shows that the Ural Federal District has the most favorable industrial, social, and  institutional hereditary determinants responsible for the susceptibility of the territory to technological transformations compared with other regions, which makes it a potential center for  the scientific and technological development of the national economy.  

scholarly journals Analyzing and Classifying Risks Arising During Innovation Project Implementation in Aircraft Motor-Building

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
T. B. Timofeeva ◽  
E. A. Ozdoeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The current Strategy of Innovative Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 and the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation determine the goals, priorities and objectives of the state innovation policy and scientific and technological development of the country. A significant role is given to areas that allow us to obtain scientific and technical results that are the basis for increasing the innovative level of production and consolidating the country's position in the foreign market. Among the priority areas is the aviation industry, namely the sector of aircraft engine construction. The creation of aircraft engines is currently one of the most science-intensive and high-tech tasks of the domestic aircraft industry. However, the analysis of the current state of implementation of programms in this area shows that the problems of their functioning and development are not always solved taking into account a wide range of emerging risks, the negative impact of which can lead to significant financial losses. To develop effective methods for assessing and minimizing risks, it is necessary to first analyze and classify them. In the article, based on the analysis, a system of classification of risks arising during development aircraft engines. The results obtained will allow us to give a preliminary qualitative assessment of the negative events that occur at various stages of the development of aircraft engines.

scholarly journals Models of technological integration development

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Alexander Miller ◽  
Maxim Miller
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Integration ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Issues of scientific and technological development of the economy, increasing its competitiveness, including various aspects of technological integration, are the subject of foreign and domestic research. At the same time, technological integration is considered as a key direction of the new industrial and scientific-technical policy, as a means of transition to the digital economy, to production processes with higher added value, as a means of establishing a constructive dialogue between industrial enterprises and science. The reason for this is, on the one hand, the relative novelty of this economic phenomenon, and, on the other, the lack of theoretical and methodological tools for modelling the development of technological integration. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of modelling the development of technological integration in the context of priority scientific and technological development of the Russian economy. The article uses a wide range of general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, grouping, typing, modelling, economicstatistical and graphical. The main methodological approaches used in the article are: structural-functional, instrumental and process approaches, which are reflected in the scientific and practical material of the general theory of systems, the theory of organization. The theoretical results of the study are the disclosure of the organizational model for the development of technological integration as a dynamic set of interconnected modules: management and coordination; structure; processes; resources designated to achieve the strategic objectives of technology integration participants. Classification characteristics of technological integration development processes have been identified and theoretically justified. The applied result is a specialized modelling tool based on a combination of a standardized approach and improved design quality with the ability to test simulated processes and the presence of stable feedback with all participants in technological integration. The process model of technological integration development was argued, its decomposition was carried out, which allows distinguishing the main, supporting and regulatory processes of participants in technological integration. The combination of these models facilitates the management of these processes in order to maximize the efficiency of the modern economy. An organizational and economic mechanism for modelling the development of technological integration is proposed, which allows the use of operational monitoring, due to the vector orientation of which it becomes possible to promptly carry out regular adjustments of key parameters of assessing the impact of technological integration on the results of technological development in national economies.

scholarly journals Acceleration of the cycle of extended reproduction of the active part of fixed assets in construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 08001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Financial Leasing ◽  
Construction Organizations ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

One of the main reasons hindering the scientific and technological development of construction and the national economy as a whole is the mismatch of the cycles of expanded reproduction of the active part of fixed assets in construction as the basic cycles of the development of construction. The renovation of the active part of the fixed assets of construction organizations in the conditions of shrinking the investment base of construction is very slow, and, as a result, there is no timely provision of construction work with the new high-performance construction equipment and vehicles. Financial leasing, as world experience shows, is an effective tool for updating the fixed assets of construction organizations, but its share is too small in the total volume of investments in the active part of fixed assets in construction. There is a need to develop new mechanisms that would ensure synchronization of the basic cycles of development in construction and contribute to the development of leasing technologies in the construction sector. As a result of scientific research, a new mechanism for accelerating the cycles of expanded reproduction of the active part of the fixed assets in construction was developed. It is titled “innovative leasing engineering,” which allows to synchronize them with construction and investment cycles, contributes to increasing the volume of financial leasing in construction, and also provides timely support and capacity of strengthening the innovation wave in construction, eventually contributing to the accelerated transition of the investment and construction complex, as well as the national economy as a whole, to a new technological order.

scholarly journals Methods for assessing the impact of technologies on the characteristics of promising products and achieving the goals of scientific and technological development (exemplified by the national aircraft industry)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
A. V. Dutov ◽  
V. V. Klochkov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Hierarchical Relationship ◽  
Aircraft Manufacturing ◽  
Integral Characteristics ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

A methodological approach is proposed to assess the impact of new technologies on achieving the goals of scientific and technological development of the industry (for example, aircraft manufacturing). It assumes a hierarchical relationship between the characteristics of individual technologies, the characteristics of products (aircraft) and the integral characteristics of air transport systems. It is considered that at the stage of applied research and development not hypothetical but real objects are developed. The composition and relationships of the necessary complex of mathematical models are described.

Possibilities of Integrating Medical and Economic Science in the Process of Introducing Innovations in Regional Healthcare on the Example of Oncological Service of the Sverdlovsk Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
N.V. Krivenko ◽  
◽  
V.G. Elishev ◽  
A.S. Shershever ◽  
I.V. Borzunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Regional Health Care ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Level ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In the framework of the strategic tasks for the country to increase the level of scientific and technological development and enhance innovation, it is of scientific interest to study these processes using the example of healthcare as the most dynamically developing social sphere. Aim of the study: to consider the possibilities of interaction between medical and economic science in the process of introducing innovations in regional health care. Materials and methods. The paper uses systemic and integrative approaches, methods of comparative and statistical analysis, and modern IT solutions. Results. The article proposes a classification of innovations in medicine and confirms the effectiveness of the integrated use of organizational, informational, medical, non-medical innovations in the industry, which helps reduce morbidity, disability, and mortality of the population at the macro- and meso-levels. Conclusions. The authors’ approach to the study of innovations in the regional healthcare system substantiates the feasibility of integrating medical and economic science from the perspective of not only medical, but also economic effects at the social level. The authors’ approach has been tested on the example of the oncological service of the Sverdlovsk region, proving the achievement of high medical, social, economic effects at the regional level as a result of the integrative interaction of medical and economic science.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE WAYS TO INCREASE THE SECURITY OF STORING INFORMATION IN A DATABASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
Zh.T. Aituganova ◽  
◽  
B.A. Talpakova ◽  
B.K. Zhussipbek ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Technical Device ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Storage

In the era of rapid technological development, the issue of information security is very relevant. The article discusses issues related to information security in computer systems due to the simple and quick copying of information through communication channels. The problem of information security covers a wide range of issues, from the legislature to a specific technical device. Program developers suggest the need for technical means of protection that provide a high level of information security. Experience has shown that software cannot guarantee information security. Therefore, any software must be supplemented by organizational measures that determine the rules for access and storage of information. In practice, software users face additional challenges when using security tools. This article presents a classification of guarantees and methods of self-defense, as well as methods of protection by requesting additional information.

scholarly journals Assessment and Management of Strategic Priorities of Innovative and Scientific and Technological Development of the Textile Industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
O. Nazarmatov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

For the breakthrough development of textile manufacturers, the necessity of using endogenous models of the industry's economic growth has been substantiated. A methodological approach to managing the potential of the textile industry has been developed, which makes it possible to timely determine the directions of development. The most appropriate approach to digital transformation of the textile and clothing industry is the process model.

scholarly journals Environmental assessment of the industrial region growth points in the Ural Federal District area

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 06025
Author(s):  
Svetlana Aupova ◽  
Elena Silova
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Leading Indicators ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Region Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with the diversification of the regional economy and searching for new drivers and growth points. The purpose of the work is to analyze the state and development of the regional economy using the example of the Ural Federal District's regions and identify their potential growth points. The information base of the study is regional statistics provided by the Federal Statistics Service of Russia. The study used methods of statistical analysis, in particular, dynamics analysis and correlation analysis. The analysis of the leading indicators characterizing the development of the regional economy is carried out: the sectoral structure of the GRP, the index of industrial production, the level of scientific and technological development, and per capita income.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF INNOVATIVE POLICY OF CHINA. EXPERIENCE FOR RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
G. M. Moliy
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Scientific Achievements ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article examines the features of China's economic and political reforms, which led to the country's transition to a new stage in the development of the national economy – a factor model based  on  investments.  The  absolute indicators demonstrating the level  of  scientific  and technological development of China make the country one of the modern leaders. The country strives to become a leader in innovation by 2035. The paper notes the intermediate successes achieved  by  the  Chinese  government  in  the  development  of  the  economy  of  innovation. The country's interest in technologies of the 6th technological order is noted, expressed in the growth of investment in venture capital. The crisis caused by COVID-19 has had an impact on the  global  innovation  sphere,  and  interest  in  developments  in  the  field  of  medicine  and healthcare has been noted. Expenditures for research in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology can be predicted to rise. In Russia, at present, in general, the main systems of the innovation system have  been  formed,  while  they  are  not  sufficiently  coordinated.  The  difficulty  lies  in  the introduction of innovative technologies into production. Relying on the scientific achievements of  the  USSR  period,  using  the  experience  of  China,  Russia  has  the opportunity to introduce innovative technologies. The article assesses the prospect of applying the experience of China in  the  national  innovation  system  of  Russia.  An  assessment  of  the  features  of  the  Russian innovation system is given.

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