scholarly journals Preparation of Ceramic Membranes from Sludge Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Composition Determination ◽  
Sludge Waste

Ceramic tiles industry produces industrial waste wit large amount which become a worldwide problem. Ceramic sludge produced from ceramic tiles wastewater treatment plant is routinely discarded as a useless waste. The aim of this paper is to recycle the ceramic sludge waste to be used as raw material for ceramic membrane production. The ceramic sludge was collected, dried, and characterized by mineralogical composition (XRD), thermal analysis (DTA and TGA), and chemical composition determination (XRF). The support ceramic membrane samples were formed, pressed, dried then fired using temperatures from 1050 to 1200 °C for 1 to 3 hours. Verification parameters were determined. It was found that the firing temperature is the only affecting parameter. The best firing temperature of ceramic membrane is 1150˚C. The prepared ceramic membrane at 1150 oC can be used in both nano-filtration and micro-filtration applications with high separation efficiency.

scholarly journals Potential Utilization of Sewage Sludge from Water Treatment Plant as Brick Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Budi Prasetyo Samadikun ◽  
Siti Rukayah ◽  
Ika Bagus Priyambada ◽  
Sry T. Romaito Lumbantobing ◽  
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Sludge Waste

One of the results of the water treatment process is the sludge. Generally, the processed sludge from the water treatment is collected and delivered to a landfil. With the delivery of sludge waste, it requires additional cost as a levy in handling sludge waste. Therefore, it is needed to innovate on the recycling of sludge. The waste recycling process is expected to minimize the residual impact of the Water Treatment Plant. The process of waste recycling can be done by utilizing sludge from water treatment, which is brick making process. The benefits can eliminate environmental problems and also some economic problems. This study aims to determine the potential of sludge from water treatment plant to be added for brick making by investigating the physical and characteristics of sludge. The research findings show that sludge waste has the potential to become a brick raw material depending on the nature and clay microstructure

scholarly journals Glass Waste3: A Preliminary Study for a New Industrial Recovery Processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1997
Author(s):  
Rossana Bellopede ◽  
Lorena Zichella ◽  
Paola Marini
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Glass Waste

In recent times, the selection and treatment of glass waste are implemented in processing plants where a secondary raw material (SRM) named glass cullet, which is suitable for glass production, and a waste containing a high percentage of glass (glass waste2) is obtained. In the literature, there are many studies conducted on the recovery of the cullet, while few are the studies on the recovery of the waste that is produced by cullet processing. According to the 2013 Joint Research Centre (JRC) Reference report, the cullet produces savings in terms of energy and raw materials. However, it has a high current cost and its availability is becoming difficult, therefore its use is not always economically advantageous. The goal and strategy of the European Union is zero waste. For this purpose, further treatment of glass waste has been investigated. Through the industrial treatment of the glass waste2, a glass waste3 constituted again by an SRM made of glass is obtained together with a high quantity of presumed SRM (e.g., heavy plastic, corks, iron, non-ferrous metals, etc.). The process treatment separating these SRMs from the glass waste3 is, in this case, a pilot plant that needs to be optimized in order to reach an economic and sustainable industrial process solution. In particular, the materials to be recycled are exploitable product fractions with different particle sizes and physical properties (such as density, shape and resistance). This research is based on data collected from a North Italy process plant and is aimed at solving the issue of waste in this kind of process by implementing a pilot plant already present. Representative samples of feed material (glass waste3) and different products of the pilot plant have been analyzed. Moreover, laboratory tests were executed to improve separation efficiency and to valorize the different product fractions. A flow sheet of a new treatment plant has been developed and an economic evaluation has been made. The materials that will be separated in the new plant could be traded as SRM—e.g., plastics, metals, synthetic and cork stoppers—which constitute almost 90% of the total feed of the plant.

Determination of Sintering Activity of Sodium-Potassium Feldspar

2014 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Radomír Sokolař ◽  
Lucie Vodová
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Fast Firing ◽  
Change Of Porosity

The aim of the article is to describe the sintering activity of industrially milled sodium potassium feldspar to determine of optimal firing temperature during fast firing typical for e.g. production of dry pressed ceramic tiles. The change of porosity, flexural strength, firing shrinkage and mineralogical composition in dependence on the firing temperature (1120 1210 °C) were determined on the test samples made from dry granulate prepared from the pure feldspar. Tested alkali sodium potassium feldspar is characterized by low sintering temperature (1190 °C) during fast firing (heating rate 10 °C/min). During the sintering process, feldspar gradually disappears in phases first of all potassium feldspar (microcline), sodium feldspar (albite) we can find in the fired body at firing temperature 1180 °C.

scholarly journals Recycling of the Mixture Resulted from Roller Kiln Waste and Ceramic Tiles Sludge Waste in the Manufacturing of Ceramic Floor Tiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1132-1138
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Roller Kiln ◽  
Floor Tiles ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Firing Shrinkage

Ceramic tiles industry produced many types of wastes that are routinely discarded as stock piles. One of the environmental problems associated with roller kilns is the periodic need to grind its rollers which results in a waste powder. The second type of waste is ceramic tiles sludge which produced from a water treatment plant in the ceramic tiles factory. This paper investigates the probability of substituting part of the main body of floor tiles mixture by these two types of waste powder. Many Experiments were done on the raw materials. Rectangular tile specimens were molded, dried and fired. Linear firing shrinkage, loss on ignition, sintering parameters, and mechanical properties were determined. It was found that the samples with the composition (1% Roller Kiln, 35% Ceramic tiles sludge, and 64% Floor tiles mixture) or (2% Roller Kiln, 24% Ceramic tiles sludge, and 74% Floor tiles mixture) have the optimum properties.

scholarly journals Characterization and application of ceramic membranes prepared from Algerian kaolin

Cerâmica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (376) ◽  
pp. 554-561
Author(s):  
M. Aissat ◽  
S. Hamouda ◽  
N. Bettahar ◽  
B. J. Abu Tarboush ◽  
A. Bahmani
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Thin Film Layer ◽  
Film Layer ◽  
Membrane Type

Abstract In this study, a new ceramic membrane type was used for the filtration of colored water. The membrane was prepared from local Algerian kaolin KT2 of Milia-type. The choice of this raw material was dictated by its natural abundance, to form the macroporous support prepared by the slip casting technique. A functional thin film layer (with a pore size of about 0.2 μm) produced by the sol-gel method was deposited on the support to reduce the porosity. A detailed study was conducted because of the importance of this layer and the improvement which brought to the filtration process. Ceramic membranes were tested for the removal of bromophenol red (BR) under a filtration pressure of 3 bar and a duration of 2 h of treatment. The results revealed a rejection rate of 100% for BR, especially after the addition of the inorganic layer. The material was characterized by DTA, TGA, XRD and SEM. The retention and the permeability of BR were also studied.

Features of Phasea Mineralogical Conversions when Burning Wall Ceramics on the Basis of Secondary Materials for Processing Coal Deposits of Eastern Donbass

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Kh.S. Yavruyan ◽  
E.S. Gaishun ◽  
V.D. Kotlyar ◽  
A.S. Okhotnaya
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Structural Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Secondary Materials

The paper presents the results of the studies on the phase conversions taking place during the firing of the refuse piles processing sieve residue in the Eastern Donbass, which are the promising raw materials for the production of various types of structural ceramics – common, lining and clinker bricks, high-performance ceramic stones, ceramic tiles and siding. It is established that the sieve residue is the raw material of the low-temperature baking. Depending on the degree of grinding, the raw material may belong to the group of mid-baking or high-baking raw materials. The sieve residues have a rather narrow baking interval - no more than 50 °C, which is possible to expand by increasing the content of fine fractions during the preparation of sieve residue. The main mineral phases at the firing temperature of 1000-1100 оС are quartz, feldspar, ferrous silicates and aluminum silicates (fayalite, hypersten, etc.), hematite. The features of the phase and mineralogical conversions allow us to recommend to fire products on the basis of sieve residue at temperatures of 1000 °C and higher.

Production of ceramic bodies from Tunisian Cretaceous clays

Clay Minerals ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hachani ◽  
W. Hajjaji ◽  
B. Moussi ◽  
M. Medhioub ◽  
F. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Firing Range

AbstractThe aim of this research was to assess the potential application of the Late Cretaceous levels as raw material for the production of ceramic tiles. Mineralogical, chemical and grain size distribution studies were carried out on four clays sampled at different sites in the Tunisian Central Atlas. Clays are mainly composed of phyllosilicates, usually illite and kaolinite. Quartz, feldspars and dolomite were also detected.Tiles were prepared by pressing clay bodies at 250 bar and then firing at different temperatures following industrial conditions as closely as possible. Thermal analysis showed the influence of mineralogical composition and grain size distribution on the material behaviour during firing. The physical properties of fired tiles were obtained from specific tests in accordance with international standards (ISO), i.e. the firing shrinkage, water absorption, apparent density and flexural strength. The development of physical properties indicates an optimal firing range between 1050–1150°C. Results demonstrate the potential of Late Cretaceous materials as raw materials for the production of ceramic tiles.

Ultrafiltration of activated sludge with ceramic membranes in a cross-flow membrane bioreactor process

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
X-j. Fan ◽  
V. Urbain ◽  
Y. Qian ◽  
J. Manem
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Chemical Cleaning

A cross-flow membrane bioreactor (MBR) for raw municipal wastewater treatment, consisting of a suspended growth bioreactor and a ceramic membrane ultrafiltration unit, was run over a period of more than 300 days in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Sludge Retention Times (SRT) of 20, 10 and 5 days, respectively, and Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) of 15 and 7.5 hours were tested. Membrane fouling was found to be a function of SRT and permeate flux. Under an SRT of 20 days and flux of 71 l/m2\ · h at 30°C, the MBR was successfully run over 70 days without the need for chemical cleaning. However chemical cleaning had to be undertaken every 3–5 days at shorter sludge retention times (typically an SRT of five days and a flux of 143 l/m2\ · h at 30°C). In this study, fouling materials were removed efficiently through chemical cleaning, with an average permeablity recovery of 87±11%.

Ozone enhanced ceramic membrane filtration for wastewater recycling

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
P. Spencer ◽  
S. Domingos ◽  
B. Edwards ◽  
D. Howes ◽  
H. Shorney-Darby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Recycling ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Uf Membranes

Abstract The Water Corporation of Western Australia uses polymeric ultrafiltration (UF) membranes across a range of applications including surface waters with high natural organic matter (NOM), recycling of secondary treated wastewater and pre-treatment for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO). These challenging raw water conditions require expensive chemical dosing and clean-in-place (CIP) regimes, high frequency of membrane replacement and reduced membrane life. The greater durability of ceramic membranes, with optimal ozone and coagulant dosing, offer a potential capital and operating advantage over polymeric UF membranes. The Water Corporation collaborated with PWN Technologies (PWNT) to establish a ceramic membrane pilot plant at the Beenyup Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Optimised performance of the pilot plant was established and compared with existing UF membranes treating secondary treated wastewater prior to reverse osmosis (RO) in an indirect potable wastewater recycling application. Findings show a sustainable flux rate of 150 L/m2/h is achievable with ceramic MF membranes while filtering secondary treated wastewater. Higher flux rates up to 250 L/m2/h have been tested and are possibly sustainable, however, other bottlenecks in the pilot plant (ozone generator capacity) prevented longer test runs at this flux. Comparable design flux rates for polymeric UF membranes are 50 L/m2/h.

scholarly journals Study of the influence of the aluminum source (acetate or sulfate) on the synthesis of the ceramic membrane and applications of emulsion oil water: use and reuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e75101321023
Author(s):  
Antonielly dos Santos Barbosa ◽  
Antusia dos Santos Barbosa ◽  
Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Oily Waste ◽  
Emulsion Oil ◽  
Aluminum Acetate

The objective of this work was to prepare ceramic membranes and to evaluate the effect of the raw material on the ceramic membrane and on the efficiency of the emulsion separation oil/water. The ceramic membranes were manufactured using the uniaxial dry compaction method, from the thermal decomposition of aluminum sulfate or aluminum acetate, to evaluate the effect of the raw material (aluminum acetate or aluminum sulfate) on the efficiency in the emulsion oil/water separation. Ceramic membranes were characterized by measurements of X-ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical strength, bubble point and water flow. In this study, membranes were produced with different characteristics. The values found for the permeate for the A1 membrane were 9.20 mg / L due to characteristics such as porosity and mechanical strength (44.63 % and 1.3 MPa), while the values A2 membrane was 6.52 mg / L, 18.86 % and 6.7 MPa. In conclusion, the membranes prepared are effective in removing the oil from the oily waste water. According to the results, the treatment of oil-water emulsions by microfiltration facilitates a significant reduction in the concentration of permeate oil.

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