scholarly journals Technology and Technical Equipment Ensuring a Sustainable Profile and Design Slope for Waterfurnishing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3687-3691
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Technical Tool ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
The Creation

The article is devoted to the issues of water conservation and efficient use of water resources by improving the existing methods of irrigation through the furrows and the creation of new technical means ensuring the rational use of water and land resources during furrow irrigation, contributing to irrigation water savings. The proposed technology based on the fact that this measure is achieved by presenting changes and the automation of the working bodies of agricultural machinery involved in land reclamation measures, in particular, a furrow cutter and a bottom compactor. The technology allows for the production of agricultural industrial crops to use automated control of the working body when cutting furrows, to save water on irrigated areas and to achieve high yields due to the sustainable development of crops, and the proposed technical tool relates to agricultural machinery, especially a tool for caring of row crops, irrigated crops, the purpose of the invention, which is the creation of uneven compaction soil in the furrow bed along its length, with a change in soil density from the maximum value at the beginning and the minimum at the end, according to the irrigation method. The proposed technical tool is used for the device of uneven soil compaction in the furrow bed along the entire length, with a smooth change in soil density from maximum at the beginning and minimum at the end. The proposed technology and technical means provide: -increasing the efficiency of the use of water resources by creating a sustainable profile and design slope of the furrow saves irrigation water in the range of 10-12%; - water saving and energy saving by creating a stable profile and slope of the furrow of the irrigated field, providing high uniformity of moistening of the root layer of the soil along the entire length of the furrows, especially when cutting them, new laser technologies and highly efficient trailed technical means and production methods were used, providing material savings of 6- 8%.

scholarly journals Irrigation of the cultivated area with groundwater from vertical drainage wells

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Zulfiya Mirkhasilova ◽  
Мurat Yakubov ◽  
Lyudmila Irmuhamedova
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Salt Balance ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
Vertical Drainage ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Drainage Wells ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Drainage Waters

In recent years, there has been a shortage of water resources in the basins of the Amu Darya and Syrdarya rivers, which is the result of the development of new lands for irrigation and the inappropriate use of water and land resources. A side effect of irrigation and land reclamation is the increasing flow of collector-drainage waters every year, which leads to a deterioration in the land reclamation state and pollution of water resources, which can lead to the ecological disaster of land and water resources. Currently, in the Republic of Uzbekistan, from the total volume of water resources of the Amu Darya and Syrdarya rivers, up to 68% is used for irrigation. Of this volume on the Republic territory, about 12% of collector-drainage waters of deteriorated quality are formed. With a shortage of water resources, they are used for irrigation. But irrigation with saline waters can lead to a deterioration in the land reclamation state. In this regard, new irrigation technologies are proposed, which can save both irrigation water and it is advisable to use underground pumped water for irrigation. Field experiments were carried out in the farm "Khozhilkhon-hozhi" in the farm named after A. Niyazov, Kuva district, Fergana region. A feature of the soil conditions in this farm is the small thickness of the covered fine earth, underlain by highly permeable gravel, strong and increased water permeability, with a deep groundwater level (GWL> 3 m). Large water losses are observed during irrigation. The calculation task was to determine how many hectares of land can be irrigated from one vertical drainage well, taking into account the irrigation time, inter-irrigation period, etc. The water-salt balance of the reclaimed lands for 2017-2019 was compiled. The water-salt balance showed that water supply and filtration from canals and atmospheric precipitation play the main role in the inlet part. In the consumable part, the main place is occupied by evapotranspiration and drainage flow. In general, a negative balance is formed on the territory annually by the type of a small salt carryover within 2.85 t / ha. On the territory of the farm and the experimental plot, cotton of the S-6524 variety was sown, the flow rate of the well is 30 l / s, the furrow consumption is 0.5 l / s. The composition of hypothetical salts in the pumped-out waters is calculated After the first irrigation of our field, the pumped-out water is diverted to the neighboring fields, while the first inter-irrigation period is 20 days. In the interval of these 20 days until the second irrigation of the cotton of the original field, it is possible to irrigate the same fields 5 hectares 8 times, in total 40 hectares of land. The experiments showed that irrigation with pumped water from vertical drainage wells did not have a negative impact on the yield of cotton. And the use of the recommended irrigation technology will reduce the shortage of irrigation water and improve the ecological situation of water resources.

scholarly journals How Do Farmers Respond to Water Resources Management Policy in the Heihe River Basin of China?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guifang Li ◽  
Dingyang Zhou ◽  
Minjun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Expansion Behavior ◽  
The Heihe River Basin

Reducing agricultural water use is an inevitable choice to alleviate water shortage in arid and semi-arid regions, and high-efficiency irrigation technologies provide conditions for water conservation. However, without unified water resources management policy to redistribute the saved agricultural water, farmers’ behavior will lead to water rebound and large-scale expansion of cultivated areas, especially on the edge of oasis regions. To solve these issues and promote the sustainable development of water resources, it makes sense to explore the impact of unified water resources management policy from the perspective of farmers’ behavior. This study takes the typical irrigation zone in the Heihe River Basin as a case to discuss the response of farmers’ economic behavior to transferring irrigation water and restricting land reclamation, i.e., the unified water resources management policy with the technical efficiency of crop irrigation improved based on the bio-economic model. The results show that in the case of loosening land constraints, farmers will reuse all the saved water for agricultural production by reclaiming unused land or increasing the area of water-intensive crops (vegetables). Although the policy of restricting land reclamation can restrict land expansion, it cannot avoid water rebound caused by adjusting the crop-planting structure. Farmers’ land-expansion behavior can be largely restricted by transferring the saved irrigation water to non-agricultural sectors in irrigation zones with inadequate water, but to contain land-expansion behavior in irrigation zones with surplus water, the policy of restricting land reclamation must be implemented simultaneously. The study also reveals that farmers will choose to grow more cash crops (seed maize, vegetables, tomato, seed watermelon, potato, and rapeseed) and fewer food crops (wheat, maize) to increase the profit per unit of water in the scenario of loosening land constraints or transferring agricultural water. Furthermore, the study indicates that farmers’ economic income can be decreased or at least not increased with the transfer of agricultural water. Both benefit compensation from non-agricultural sectors and increased non-agricultural income can compensate farmers’ economic loss. Therefore, it is necessary to improve water rights trading systems and increase employment opportunities for surplus agricultural labor to promote economic development in rural areas.

scholarly journals TELEMETRY NETWORK FOR MONITORING QUALITY OF IRRIGATION WATER IN KAVALA (N.GREECE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Y. Mertzanides ◽  
V. Ziannos ◽  
C. Tsobanoglou ◽  
E. Kosmidis
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Quality Of Irrigation Water

In places where primary and secondary economic sectors are significant proportion of local economy, the quantity and quality of irrigation water has not only environmental but also economical and social affects in local society. A rational management of water resources demands reliable and quick information of the quality of irrigation water especially during summer. The monthly scheduled samplings that are usually followed by the state services in some cases are not adequate. A telemetry network of four stations for real-time monitoring the quality of irrigation water was designed by Directorate of Land Reclamation/Prefecture of Kavala. It covers the most important agricultural areas of prefecture, including the island of Thassos. Stations are equipped with modern and robust instrumentation (multiparameter sensors, data loggers, modems, ups, sophisticated software, etc) to measure physicochemical characteristics of surface and ground water. The records are 24 hours a day and they are transmitted via GPRS. It consists an innovative initiative for local authorities to have the ability of real-time information about the quality of irrigation water and hereupon plan their actions. The system is expected to provide useful scientific data and an effective tool towards a policy of rational management of local water resources.

scholarly journals State support of AIC technical modernization

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032090
Author(s):  
K Zhichkin ◽  
L Zhichkina ◽  
V Abramov ◽  
M Medvedeva ◽  
L Fomicheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
State Support ◽  
Equipment Acquisition ◽  
Reclamation System ◽  
Regional Budgets

Abstract The article examines the features of state support for technical re-equipment of the agro-industrial complex of the Samara region. The main activities, financed from the federal and regional budgets, aimed at the development of technical equipment for the agro-industrial complex, have been identified. The purpose of the study is to assess the existing system of state support for the renewal of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of the Samara region. It is necessary to solve the following tasks: - to analyze the state of the agro-industrial complex technical equipment in the Samara region; - to evaluate the support system for the agricultural machinery park modernization in the Samara region; - to identify the shortcomings of the state support existing system for the new equipment acquisition. The current trends in improving state support for the agro-industrial complex show that the authorities of the country and the region have come to understand the problem importance. The subsidies amount is constantly increasing, new areas of support appear. The state support new direction is developing - the modernization of the land reclamation system. The Spassky irrigation system restoration is the most important reserve for increasing agricultural production.

New advanced designed systems to ensure safeguard of the territory and preservation of water resources for irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Cinalberto Bertozzi ◽  
Fabio Paglione
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Water Board ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Innovative Techniques ◽  
River Po ◽  
Crop Irrigation

The Burana Land-Reclamation Board is an interregional water board operating in three regions and five provinces. The Burana Land-Reclamation Board operates over a land area of about 250,000 hectares between the Rivers Secchia, Panaro and Samoggia, which forms the drainage basin of the River Panaroand part of the Burana-Po di Volano, from the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines to the River Po. Its main tasks are the conservation and safeguarding of the territory, with particular attention to water resources and how they are used, ensuring rainwater drainage from urban centres, avoiding flooding but ensuringwater supply for crop irrigation in the summer to combat drought. Since the last century the Burana Land-Reclamation Board has been using innovative techniques in the planning of water management schemes designed to achieve the above aims, improving the management of water resources while keeping a constant eye on protection of the environment.

About Measures of the State Support for Technical Equipment of Agricultural Producers

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
A.Ya. Kibirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Technical Base

The article uses methods of statistical analysis, deduction and analogy to consider programs at the Federal, regional and economic levels, which provide for measures aimed at improving the technical equipment of agricultural producers. Particular attention is paid to the acquisition of energy-saving, high-performance agricultural machinery and equipment used in the production and processing of agricultural products. An assessment of the effectiveness of state support for updating the material and technical base of agriculture is given. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and recommendations were formulated.

scholarly journals The Adjustment of China’s Grain Planting Structure Reduced the Consumption of Cropland and Water Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7352
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jieyong Wang ◽  
Chun Dai
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Northern Regions

Driven by technological progress and market demand, the optimization and adjustment of grain planting structure played an important role in increasing grain output. Due to the great difference between the yield per unit area of different types of food crops, the consumption of cropland and water resources has a significant change during the grain growth. From the perspective of structural adjustment, rather than the usual productive factor input, we analyze the process of adjustment for grain planting structure in China and its effect on the consumption of cropland and water resources by using the scenario comparative analysis method. The results show that: (1) From 2003 to 2019, China’s grain output has increased steadily and the planting structure has changed greatly. Rice was replaced by corn to become the grain crop with the maximum proportion of planting area since 2007. The increase of corn planting structure proportion is concentrated in the northern regions. (2) At the national level, according to the adjustment of grain planting structure, the saving of cropland and water resources consumption showed a “cumulative effect” as time went on. (3) The saving effects of structural adjustment in the northern regions on cropland and water resources consumption are better than that in the southern regions, such as Northeast China Plain, Northern arid and semiarid region and Loess Plateau. (4) In reality, although the adjustment of grain planting structure saved lots of cropland and water resources, the continuous growth of grain output has increased the pressure on the ecological environment in the northern regions according to theirs water limits. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously optimize the grain planting structure and restrict land reclamation in northern China. In addition, to ensure food security, it is feasible to encourage the southern regions with abundant water and heat resources to increase the grain planting area and meet its self-sufficiency in grain demand.

Practical experience in the technical systems creating with the artificial intelligence elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (jai2021.26(1)) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Pisarenko V ◽  
◽  
Pisarenko J ◽  
Gulchak O ◽  
Chobotok T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Rescue Work ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Artificial Brain ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The Creation

The practical experience of solving scientific tasks using artificial intelligence technologies is presented. The authors offered their understanding of the term "artificial intelligence". Describes the development of the dept. №265 of Mathematical Problems of Applied Informatics V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine in the creation of technical systems with elements of AI mainly to work in extreme environments. The purpose of the authors is to provide useful information to develop a strategy for the development of AI in the Ukraine. Some of these studies: monitoring the territory and management of land use technologies using remote sensing technologies from aircraft, spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles; monitoring the technical equipment of the underwater environment (technical means of searching for a sunken object of the submarine type for emergency operations are being developed); mine safety control (risk research during mining, creating robotic systems with elements of artificial intelligence for studying the conditions of work in the mine, warning accidents and emergency rescue work). The next direction is the diagnosis and treatment of addictive patients using the principles of therapeutic methods BiofeedBack. Attention is paid to the development of robotic technical systems with AI for servicing cosmic long missions. For this, theoretical studies have been conducted on the creation of a live brain mathematical model for its use in the development of the "artificial brain" of robots. The authors gave a list of tasks that can solve AI in programs for long-term space flights, technologies and systems that should develop in the first place to implement these tasks

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