scholarly journals Evolution of the Geotechnical Properties of Fly Ash Stabilized Silty Soil Activated by Graphene Oxide (GO)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4732-4737 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Silty Soil ◽  
Limit Test

At present time, there are vastly available of various nanomaterials, by using this material it plays an important role in various applications along with geotechnical soil stabilization/strengthen techniques. In the present investigation the addition of Graphene Oxide (GO) solution as nanomaterial into the low cemented fly ash (Class F – fly ash) to improving various properties of a local available silty soil. The various tests such as light compaction test, unconfined compression test, direct shear test, liquid limit, and plastic limit test were performed on the newly formed matrix to check their respective behavior to stimulated actual site condition on the given matrix in the laboratory. Also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to study the structure of the newly formed matrix. The addition of small proportion GO in original soil-fly ash matrix decrease the plasticity index and at the same time increase the maximum dry density, unconfined compression strength, and cohesion value help to use newly soil matrix effectively.

scholarly journals Geosynthetics Stabilizers and Fly Ash for Soil Subgrade Improvement – A State of the Art Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Prateek Malik ◽  
Sudipta K Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Compaction Behavior ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Soft soil having a low bearing capacity is found in many parts of the world and construction on soft soil is a challenge. To overcome the situation, the soil needs to be stabilized with some external material like geosynthetic, fly ash and rice husk. Geosynthetics materials are tremendous materials used to solve many civil engineering problems. Fly ash is a byproduct produced by burning of coal and is available in various thermal power plant as a waste material. Disposal of fly ash is also a problem but in one area where it can be used is soil stabilization. A comprehensive review of published literature on the use of geosynthetic and fly ash to stabilize and enhance the strength of soil was carried out. The effect of using geosynthetic material and fly ash was investigated on the properties of soil like Optimum Moisture Content, Maximum Dry Density, California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength and compaction behavior of the soft soil.

scholarly journals “Enhancement of Bearing Properties of Black Cotton Soil by Optimal Blending Of Jute and Coir Fibres as a Reinforcement’’

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4172-4177
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Proctor Test

Soil stabilization is the process which involves enhancing the physical properties of the soil in order to improve its strength, durability etc. by blending or mixing with additives. The different types of method used for soil stabilization are: Soil stabilization with cement, Soil stabilization with lime, Soil stabilization using bitumen, Chemical stabilization and a new emerging technology of stabilization by Geo textiles and Geo synthetic fibres. In this study, we are making use of Jute and Coir fibre as geo synthetic material for stabilization of soil. With the introduction of Jute and Coir fibres to the soil the CBR values will improve and thickness of pavement layer also gets reduced. It also reduces the intensity of stress on subgrade. Jute and Coir fibres are such a geo synthetic material which is easily available, eco friendly and also cost-effective. With the application of soil stabilization method in construction the overall cost gets reduced when compared to the ordinary method of construction. To determine the Liquid limit using Casagrande Method, Plastic limit by rolling the sample to 3mm diameter thread, Optimum Moisture Content and Maximum Dry Density using Standard Proctor Test, Unconfined compression test and also California Bearing Ratio by conducting CBR test.

scholarly journals Perilaku Geser Tanah yang Distabilisasi dengan Abu Ampas Tebu-Semen dan Inklusi Serat Polyester

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
John Tri Hatmoko ◽  
Hendra Suryadharma
Keyword(s):  
Compression Test ◽  
Polyester Fibre ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Unconfined Compression Test ◽  
Compaction Test ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Stabilized Soil

Bagasse ash is a fine residue collected from the burning of bagasse in sugar factory, and it behaves as pozzolanic materials. In addition, engineering behaviour of bagasse ash can be improved by addition of cement containing high calcium. Recently, research about cement stabilized soil is continuously in progress. In this paper, a set of experiment programs were done to investigate the randomly oriented polyester fibre  inclusion in bagasse ash-cement stabilized soil.  Bagasse ash was mixed with clay in different proportions. To get the optimum curing period,  it was done light compaction test of soil with 8% cement cured with 7, 14, 21, 28 and 36 days curing period,  that was found on 28 days. The next experiment was compaction test on soil + 8% cement + 3,6,9 and 12% bagasse ash to obtain optimum bagasse ash proportion. The result indicated that optimum bagasse ash content was 9%. To ensure this result, unconfined compression test was done on the same sample. Finally, light compaction, unconfined compression and direct shear tests were done on : soil + 8% cement + 9% bagasse ash +  polyester fibre with 28 days curing period. The results showed that maximum dry density and optimum moisture content was not influenced by fibre inclusion, whereas the increase of shear strength of stabilized soil with fibre inclusion  was mainly due to improvement of internal friction angle. In unconfined compression test, the unconfined compression strength of stabilized soil was significantly improved by fibre inclusion.

scholarly journals Stabilization of Red soil and Black Cotton soil using Iron Slag and Fly Ash

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1314-1319
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Swelling Pressure ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Swell Index ◽  
Iron Slag

The infrastructure is increasing day by day which leads to construction in the space where soil is not much of good strength and the Safe Bearing Capacity of soil is very low. In such areas soil stabilization can prove to be good alternative for improvement in its properties. The stabilization has been found to be effective in improvement of strength and compressibility. If soil is used for any construction purpose like pavement construction or embankments then such constructions may prove to be cost effective. Mixer like what is used in concrete making can be employed to mix the soil with different admixtures (Iron slag and fly ash) and then placing a mix soil for making road and embankment. If such constructions are done without stabilization then it will lead to decrease in strength and also increase in construction cost. The structures built upon such soil may also lead to failure. Initially cement and lime have been used to stabilize the soil but now we need to find other alternatives as there is lot of CO2 emission in the production of cement which is not safe for our environment. The alternatives to be used should not harm to the environment. In the present study we have used fly ash and iron slag in different proportion for red soil which obtained by the weathering of basalt (It is termed as red bole in Geological terms). The percentage of iron slag is used as 2%,4%,6%,8% and 15%by weight of soil and fly ash is used in 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%by weight of soil. After procuring the soil the Standard Proctor Tests were conducted to determine the Optimum Moisture Content and Maximum Dry Density. Red bole soil and black cotton soil are stabilized using iron slag and fly ash and then the results of various tests have been compared. Consistency Limits, Specific Gravity, Free Swell Index, Standard Proctor, Permeability, Direct Shear, Unconfined Compression Strength and Swelling Pressure tests were performed on each soil (i.e. red bole and black cotton). The tests were performed using the standard codes and the methodology as per various IS codes.

scholarly journals Characterization and Comparison Research on Composite of Alluvial Clayey Soil Modified with Fine Aggregates of Construction Waste and Fly Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Qu Jili ◽  
Wang Junfeng ◽  
Batugin Andrian ◽  
Zhu Hao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Optimum Water Content

Abstract Fine aggregates of construction waste and fly ash were selected as additives to modify the characteristics of Shanghai clayey soil as a composite. The laboratory tests on consistency index, maximum dry density, and unconfined compressive strength were carried out mainly for the purpose of comparing the modifying effect on the composite from fine aggregates of construction waste with that from fly ash. It is mainly concluded from test results that the liquid and plastic limit of the composites increase with the content of two additives. But their maximum dry density all decreases with the additive content. However, fine aggregates of construction waste can increase the optimum water content of the composites, while fly ash on the contrary. Finally, although the two additive all can increase the unconfined compressive strength of composites, fly ash has better effect. The current conclusions are also compared with previous studies, which indicates that the current research results are not completely the same as those from other researchers.

scholarly journals Geotechnical properties of reinforced clayey soil using nylons carry’s bags by products

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Salim ◽  
Kawther Al-Soudany ◽  
Nora Jajjawi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Replacement Technique

All structures built on soft soil may experience uncontrollable settlement and critical bearing capacity. This may not meet the design requirements for the geotechnical engineer. Soil stabilization is the change of these undesirable properties in order to meet the requirements. Traditional methods of stabilizing or through in-situ ground improvement such as compaction or replacement technique is usually costly. Now a safe and economic disposal of industrial wastes and development of economically feasible ground improvement techniques are the important challenges being faced by the engineering community. This work focuses on improving the soft soil brought from Baghdad by utilizing the local waste material for stabilization of soil, such as by using “Nylon carry bag’s by product” with the different percentage and corresponding to 1 %, 3% and 5% (the portion of stabilizer matters to soil net weight) of dried soil. The results indicated that as Nylon’s fiber content increases, the liquid limit decreases while the plastic limit increases, so the plasticity index decreases. Furthermore, the maximum dry density decreases while, the optimum moisture content increases as the Nylon’s fiber percentage increases. The compression index (decreases as the Nylon’s fiber increases and provides a maximum of 43% reduction by adding 5% nylon waste material. In addition, the results indicated that, the undrained shear strength increases as the nylon fiber increases.

scholarly journals Technical and Environmental Impacts of Coal Waste Used as a Soil Stabilizer in Construction Projects of Forest Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mansouri ◽  
Mehran Nasiri ◽  
Amir Modarres
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Forest Roads ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Soil Stabilizer

Many pozzolans are waste products from industrial processes. Every year a huge amount of coal waste is gathered from the coal washing plant in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran. These materials can be used for soil stabilization in construction and maintenance projects of forest roads. This paper aims to (a) investigate the role of coal waste (CW) as a soil stabilizer and (b) determine the changes in soil specification regarding the environmental pollution in different combinations of materials (soil, lime (4 and 6%) and CW (3, 6, 9 and 12%)). For this purpose, different technical and environmental analysis and laboratory tests were performed. Technical tests showed that the soil liquid limit and maximum dry density decreased with an increase in lime and CW contents. Addition of CW could increase the soil CBR, UCS and OMC. According to XRD test, the addition of CW and lime can increase the size of crystals in stabilized soil samples. Environmental analysis showed that the use of stabilizer significantly reduced the concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Cr and Pb. Also, all of the metal concentrations leached from samples satisfied the required criteria, but the addition of lime and CW increased the concentration of N, P, and K. These changes can increase the invasive species consistent with calcareous soil conditions along the roads. According to the results, the combination of coal waste and lime can be one of the best methods for in situ remediation. It would, however, be better to use a minimum amount of stabilizer in pavement layers of access roads due to environmental sensitivity.

scholarly journals Compaction and Plasticity Comparative Behaviour of Soft Clay Treated with Coarse and Fine Sizes of Ceramic Tiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 01012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ali Mohammed Al-Bared ◽  
Aminaton Marto ◽  
Indra Sati Hamonangan Harahap ◽  
Fauziah Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Stiff Soil

Recycled blended ceramic tiles (RBT) is a waste material produced from ceramic tile factories and construction activities. RBT is found to be cost effective, sustainable, environmental-friendly and has the potential to be used as an additive in soft soil stabilization. Recent reports show that massive amounts of RBT are dumped into legal or illegal landfills every year consuming very large spaces and creating major environmental problems. On the other hand, dredged marine clay obtained from Nusajaya, Johor, Malaysia has weak physical and engineering characteristics to be considered as unsuitable soft soil that is usually excavated, dumped into landfills and replaced by stiff soil. Hence, this study investigates the suitability of possible uses of RBT to treat marine clay. Laboratory tests included Standard proctor tests and Atterberg limits tests. The plasticity of marine clay was evaluated by adding 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of 0.3 mm RBT. In addition, the compaction behaviour of treated marine clay was compared by adding two different sizes (0.3 mm and 1.18 mm diameter) of RBT. For both coarse and fine sizes of RBT, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of the dry weight of the soft clay were added. The mixture of each combination was examined in order to evaluate the Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and the optimum moisture content (OMC) for the treated soft clay. MDD and OMC for soft untreated samples were 1.59 Mg/m3 and 22%, respectively. Treated samples with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of 0.30 mm size RBT resulted in a significant reduction of OMC ranged from 19 to 15% while MDD resulted in increment ranged from 1.69 to 1.77 Mg/m3. In addition, samples treated with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of 1.18 mm size RBT resulted in major reduction of OMC ranged from 15 to 13.5% while MDD increased effectively from 1.75 to 1.82 Mg/m3. For all mix designs of soft clay-RBT, MDD was gradually increasing and OMC was sharply reducing with further increments of both sizes of RBT.

Investigation to some Preliminary Geotechnical Properties of Soft Clay Stabilized by Fly Ash Based Geopolymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Jasim M. Abbas ◽  
Amer M Ibrahim ◽  
Abdalla M. Shihab
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Maximum Dry Density

The civil engineering projects that includes soft clay within its activities has a serious concern of hazards, such hazards can be overcame by treating the existing soils by certain materials which are named as "stabilizers". The common materials that are highly used in this field are ordinary Portland cement, fly ash, lime and rice husk ash, etc. Each one of these stabilizers has its known shortcomings. The alkali activation of any alumina silicate source produces some kind of cost effective primary binding gel which is known as "Geopolymers". This study is devoted to investigate the role of liquid over fly ash ratio to some soil – FA based Geopolymers geotechnical properties. Such ratio is taken as 2.71, 3.167, 3.8 and 4.75 respectively within the experimental program and the investigated geotechnical properties are the specific gravity, liquid and plastic limit, compaction characteristics and California bearing ratio. The tests results showed that the maximum dry density decreased about 42 % at 2.71 liq/FA whereas this the specific gravity decreased 27 % at the same this ratio. In addition, the 3.8 and 4.75 of such limits revealed no plastic behavior due to the high presence of liquid.

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