scholarly journals Transgenderism in Cyberspace: Technology Empowering Transgender

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2223-2230
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Technological Advances

Technology has irreversibly transformed the society and provided a platform to shape the values believes and culture of masses keeping in mind the elimination of gender disparity. However, the existence of Transgender section has challenged the rigid concept of this binary arrangement of social institution. As biological sex does not coincide with the gender identity, transgenders experience severe violence and harassment and most of them are subjected to housing and employment discrimination. Major technological advances such as cyberspace, internet and mass media have provided enormous opportunities for transgender upliftment. Socializing from private realms to discussing various sensitive and embarrassing issues on social platform, from offering or receiving suitable advice and support regarding coming out to sharing unconventional emotions staying at the fringes of the society, technology plays a significant role in tackling gender inequality and empowering transgender. This paper, therefore examines how cyberspace and mass media empowers transgenders by overcoming offline impediments related to their gender and awaking common masses vis-à-vis the issues transgender face due to their gender identity.

Gender identity in autism and neurodiversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Ekblad
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Behavioral Preferences ◽  
Opposite Sex

Gender identities that differ from biological sex (non-cisgender identities) appear to be more common in autism and neurodiversity. The study found that part of the non-cisgender identities could be related to having behavioral preferences of the opposite sex, but this failed to explain the higher prevalence in neurodiversity. Non-cisgender identities in neurodiversity could better be explained by having neurodiverse relationship preferences or lacking typical relationship preferences. Being part of the LGBT (Lesbian Gay Bi Transgender) community biased answers to questions about gender identity. Neurodiverse non-cisgender people, just like neurodiverse asexual people, might be better off with new communities that focus on the more relevant relationship preference differences rather than on narrow and indirect gender and sexual issues.

The plight of women in Iraq: Gender disparity, violence, and mental health

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110036
Author(s):  
Maha Sulaiman Younis ◽  
Riyadh Khudhiar Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Women’S Mental Health ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Women's Mental Health ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Gender Based

Background: Generations of women living in Iraq endured three major regional wars and internal conflicts, which weakened their psychological vulnerability and social role by poverty, displacements, and loss of their beloved ones. The available literature about women’s mental health is scarce and does not signify the gender inequality and gender disparity of mental disorders. Method: During 1st August to October 2020, we explored the search engines: Google Scholar, Pub-Med, Medline, and Clarivate using keywords of Iraq, gender inequality, women’s mental health, violence, and conflict, mental disorders, gender-based violence, etc. From 1792 research items, 64 articles were scrutinized for this study. We selected the most relevant studies with some available documents excluding data bout Immigrant women outside Iraq and reports from foreign military sources. Finding: Women living in Iraq have struggled for equality and empowerment since the 20th century. For the last four decades, successive wars, economic sanction, gender-based violence, and internal conflicts have affected their development endeavors. The 2003 US-led invasion caused a loss of lives, destruction of infrastructure, and forced displacement for tens of thousands of civilians, including women and children. These atrocities increased women’s vulnerability to develop or worsen the existing mental disorders. This review tries to attract world attention to women’s situations in Iraq.

scholarly journals Gender Identity in Toni Morrison’s Tar Baby

IJOHMN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Ahmed Seif Eddine Nefnouf
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
And Behaviors

In this paper, I am going to conduct a feminist reading of Tar Baby by using feminist theory. We are going to look at the issues of gender identity according to feminist’s ideologies and principles in term of oppression against black in general and black women specifically. In addition to that, we are going to use one of the main principles of feminism, which is the patriarchy system between gender and origin. This analysis based on the actions, thoughts and behaviors of the major characters in Toni Morrison’s Tar Baby to gain their identity, also to understand the nature of gender inequality and examining women's social roles, experience and interests

scholarly journals Role of Biological Sex in the Cardiovascular-Gut Microbiome Axis

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangyue Li ◽  
Georgios Kararigas
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
Insight Into

There has been a recent, unprecedented interest in the role of gut microbiota in host health and disease. Technological advances have dramatically expanded our knowledge of the gut microbiome. Increasing evidence has indicated a strong link between gut microbiota and the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In the present article, we discuss the contribution of gut microbiota in the development and progression of CVD. We further discuss how the gut microbiome may differ between the sexes and how it may be influenced by sex hormones. We put forward that regulation of microbial composition and function by sex might lead to sex-biased disease susceptibility, thereby offering a mechanistic insight into sex differences in CVD. A better understanding of this could identify novel targets, ultimately contributing to the development of innovative preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for men and women.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF MEDIA AND SOCIETY INTERACTION IN COMMUNICATIVE SPACE

2013 ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
D. I. Chistyakov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Late Modern

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the social issues caused by mass-media impact on individuals and society. The author bases on reflection of sociological theories and discourses of late modern and postmodern and thus shows the transformation of media and their audience on the society’s way to the postmodernity. Postmodern media are viewed as a specific social institution of postmodernity; the author also emphasizes the basic peculiarities of its institutionalization. Structural integrity between mass-media and society is ensured through mass communication in its one-sided direction of the only communicator to the masses, often turning into an influence on recipients. The article stems from the premise that a modernday person is included in qualitatively and quantitavely other communications than in a preceding era of late modernity. Mass-media’s influence on society is thus specific. Messages, images, symbols, signs created by media not only form our perspective, but also serve as keys to the perception of reality. A subject today is involved in endless interconnected streams of information, hence a subject doesn’t consume information in discreet blocks anymore. Rather, we can imagine a subject standing knee-deep in a vast stream grabbing whatever he or she may find interesting. Under the certain conditions the very reality is being substituted by the virtual reality. The author shows and analyses the communication model of the basic information producers and recipients.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PERUSAHAAN “TEMPO MEDIA GROUP” DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA KEMAJUAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KONVERGENSI MEDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Maulina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Management System ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Media Convergence ◽  
Media Management ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Massive Change ◽  
Media Company

The development of information and communication technology is currently endemic to almost every line of people's lives. One of the effects of technological progress is a massive change in the management of mass media companies. The mass media company must be able to increase its capacity in accordance with the technological advances, one of which is by utilizing the presence of other media that have different platforms in a media company management. The use of many media platforms is done by integrating a manual management system into various management systems based on modern technology. Integrating manual systems into various modern systems, in mass media companies is referred to as the process of media convergence. Tempo Media is a large print media company that has also integrated its management system into various types of media platforms. The system change in the Tempo media management certainly had an impact on the changes in policies in carrying out the company.Keyword : Policy, Technology, Media Convergence, Tempo Media

Student-Led Online Discussions

2020 ◽  
pp. 435-457
Author(s):  
Alice Lai
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Art History ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Feminist Pedagogy ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Online Classrooms

Digital gender inequality is well alive in online classrooms in U.S. higher education. The present study aimed to investigate this persistent issue and proposed a feminist pedagogy-inspired, student-led online discussion activity as a means to mitigate digital gender inequality. Specifically, the purpose of this chapter is threefold: (1) to expose and unravel the issue of digital gender disparity and inequality with a particular focus on its relevance to the online discussions, (2) to contextualize the feminist pedagogy within the postmodern technoculture and analyze its potential to sustain gender-equitable and empowered online education, and (3) to exemplify the feminist pedagogy through a student-led discussion activity implemented in an online undergraduate art history course. Reflecting on qualitative and learning survey data, this chapter is concluded with a diagnosis of the students' perceptions of the positive, challenging, and transformative aspects of the student-led discussion.

Student-Led Online Discussions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1896-1918
Author(s):  
Alice Lai
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Art History ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Feminist Pedagogy ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Online Classrooms

Digital gender inequality is well alive in online classrooms in U.S. higher education. The present study aimed to investigate this persistent issue and proposed a feminist pedagogy-inspired, student-led online discussion activity as a means to mitigate digital gender inequality. Specifically, the purpose of this chapter is threefold: (1) to expose and unravel the issue of digital gender disparity and inequality with a particular focus on its relevance to the online discussions, (2) to contextualize the feminist pedagogy within the postmodern technoculture and analyze its potential to sustain gender-equitable and empowered online education, and (3) to exemplify the feminist pedagogy through a student-led discussion activity implemented in an online undergraduate art history course. Reflecting on qualitative and learning survey data, this chapter is concluded with a diagnosis of the students' perceptions of the positive, challenging, and transformative aspects of the student-led discussion.

The Fourth Month

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Vanessa LoBue
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Stereotyped Behavior ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Lengthy Discussion ◽  
Gender Concept

This chapter describes the development of the fetus in the fourth month of pregnancy. As the author learns the sex of her own baby, she explores a discussion of gender and sex throughout development. Specifically, she addresses the development of sex organs prenatally and how biological sex should be differentiated from the construct of gender using examples from the animal literature to illustrate how sometimes even biological sex can be determined by environmental circumstances. The chapter also includes a lengthy discussion of the development of gender concept and gender identity in children and how parents’ expectations might affect the development of gender-stereotyped behavior.

scholarly journals Deficiencies in Scientific Evidence for Medical Management of Gender Dysphoria

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Hruz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Biological Sex

Individuals who experience a gender identity that is discordant with biological sex are increasingly presenting to physicians for assistance in alleviating associated psychological distress. In contrast to prior efforts to identify and primarily address underlying psychiatric contributors to gender dysphoria, interventions that include uncritical social affirmation, use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists to suppress normally timed puberty, and administration of cross-sex steroid hormones to induce desired secondary sex characteristics are now advocated by an emerging cohort of transgender medicine specialists. For patients with persistent gender dysphoria, surgery is offered to alter the appearance of breasts and genital organs. Efforts to address ethical concerns regarding this contentious treatment paradigm are dependent upon reliable evidence on immediate and long-term risks and benefits. Although strong recommendations have been made for invasive and potentially irreversible interventions, high-quality scientific data on the effects of this approach are generally lacking. Limitations of the existing transgender literature include general lack of randomized prospective trial design, small sample size, recruitment bias, short study duration, high subject dropout rates, and reliance on “expert” opinion. Existing data reveal significant intervention-associated morbidity and raise serious concern that the primary goal of suicide prevention is not achieved. In addition to substantial moral questions, adherence to established principles of evidence-based medicine necessitates a high degree of caution in accepting gender-affirming medical interventions as a preferred treatment approach. Continued consideration and rigorous investigation of alternate approaches to alleviating suffering in people with gender dysphoria are warranted. Summary: This paper provides an overview of what is currently known about people who experience a gender identity that differs from their biological sex and the associated desire to engage the medical profession in alleviating associated discomfort and distress. The scientific evidence used to support current recommendations for affirming one’s preferred gender, halting normally timed puberty, administering cross-sex hormones, and surgically altering primary and secondary sexual traits are summarized and critically evaluated. Serious deficits in understanding the cause of this condition, the reasons for the marked increase in people presenting for medical care, together with immediate and long-term risks relative to benefit of medical intervention are exposed.

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