KARAKTERISTIK DOKTER MUDA FK UNJANI TERKONFIRMASI POSITIF COVID-19 BERDASARKAN HASIL SWAB RT-PCR

Virus Disease ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit pernafasan yang saat ini menjadi pandemi di dunia. Jawa Barat adalah salah satu provinsi dengan kasus COVID-19 terbanyak di Indonesia. Gejala yang timbul adalah demam, batuk, sesak, malaise, myalgia, sakit tenggorokan, anosmia, dan disgeusia. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) swab adalah pemeriksaan baku emas untuk COVID-19. Pekerja kesehatan termasuk dokter muda adalah kelompok yang memiliki risiko sangat tinggi terinfeksi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dokter muda Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani (FK Unjani) yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 berdasarkan hasil swab RT-PCR (Agustus 2020–Januari 2021). Penelitian ini dirancang sebagai penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Dari pemeriksaan swab RT-PCR terhadap 303 dokter muda FK Unjani didapatkan 35 orang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19, rentang usia 23-24 tahun, dan 85,71% perempuan. Karakteristik berdasarkan gejala klinis 62,86% tidak bergejala, 25,71% demam, 17,14% gangguan penghidu, 11,43% gangguan pengecap, 5,71% batuk dan nyeri badan, 2,86% sesak, sakit kepala, hidung beringus, dan diare. Sebanyak 42,86% sedang persiapan pembelajaran luar jaringan (luring), 22,86% stase di Laboratorium Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (IKM), 17,14% Radiologi, 11,43% Neurologi, dan 2,86% di Laboratorium Mata dan Anak. Sebanyak 74,29% tidak ada riwayat kontak dan sebanyak 25,71% ada riwayat kontak. Tata laksana yang dilakukan, yaitu 31 orang (62,86%) isolasi mandiri, tiga orang (8,57%) dirawat di rumah sakit, dan satu orang (2,86%) dirawat di fasilitas isolasi milik pemerintah. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah karakteristik dokter muda FK Unjani yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19, yaitu sebagian besar perempuan, tanpa gejala, sedang persiapan luring, tidak ada riwayat kontak, dan ditatalaksana dengan isolasi mandiri.

Chest X-Ray in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection: Findings and Correlation with Clinical Outcome at Level-3 Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kohalpur

Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College ◽

10.3126/jngmc.v18i1.35204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 74-77

Author(s):

Shyam Kumar BK ◽

Sumit Pandey ◽

Nabin Poudel ◽

Sandesh Pandit ◽

Alok Kumar Sah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reverse Transcription ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Ground Glass ◽

X Rays ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Medical College ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Introduction: At the end of 2019 a novel virus, named SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), expanded globally from China. A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified as the cause of this outbreak of viral pneumonia that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aims: The aim of this study is to find out the chest radiological features of corona virus disease patients and correlate them with clinical outcome. Methods: This is a Hospital based study involving patients with clinical-epidemiological aspect of all reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) corona virus disease (COVID-19) positive patients, who performed Chest X-Rays at the emergency department of Nepalgunj Medical College, Teaching Hospital from March to June, 2020. All patients performed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from nasopharyngeal and throat swab, Chest X-Ray at the Emergency Department and clinical-epidemiological data. Results: Patients with a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive results for corona virus disease infection were 32 out of these, 22 were females (68.75%) and 10 males (31.25%), with a mean age of 40.78 years (range 20–74 years). Only 2 Chest X-Rays were negative for radiological thoracic involvement (6.25%). The following alterations were more commonly observed among 30 patients: 18 patients with lung consolidations (56.25%), 19 (59.37%) with Ground Glass Opacities, 7 (21.87%) with nodules and 21 (65.6%) with reticular–nodular opacities. Patients with consolidations and Ground Glass Opacities coexisting in the same radiography were 34.37% of total. In reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive patients, we found also signs nonspecific for corona virus disease pneumonia as hilar or vascular congestion (37.5%), cardiomegaly (28.12%), pleural effusion (15.6%) and pneumothorax (3.12%). Peripheral (56.25%) and lower zone distribution (56.25%) were the most common predominance. Bilateral involvement (68.75%) was most frequent than unilateral one. Given the results, baseline Chest X-Rays sensitivity in our experience is about 65.62%. Conclusion: In this study, COVID-19 CXRs generally manifested a spectrum of pure ground glass, mixed ground glass opacities to consolidation in bilateral peripheral middle and lower lung zones. BSTI CXR reporting classification of COVID-19 is valid and sensitive in our patients with addition of middle zonal involvement in classical COVID-19 criteria as opposed to just lower zone involvement.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Lateral Flow Antigen Test Kits for COVID-19 in Asymptomatic Population of Quarantine Centre of Province 3

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v18i2.32942 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 36-39

Author(s):

B. Shrestha ◽

A.K. Neupane ◽

S. Pant ◽

A. Shrestha ◽

A. Bastola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Reverse Transcription ◽

Virus Disease ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Test Kit ◽

Background Nearly after 6 months of the spread of Corona Virus Disease 19, along with the world Nepal is still trying to control the spread and prevent general population from acquiring it. With limited resources in manpower, technology and evidence it has been a difficult battle. But with time and more understanding of the virus new technology to detect the virus are coming up. It is a major breakthrough in the diagnostic field as this helps us in not only detecting the virus but also helps us to mobilize our human resources. This comes in a time where the cases are increasing at an alarming rate. Although numbers of Polymerase Chain Reaction testing have increased but due to the time consuming and the cost wise, we need a faster and equally reliable alternative. Antigen test approved by different countries can be used for point of care, screening and surveillance depending upon the requirements after calculating its sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Objective To find out sensitivity and specificity of the Antigen test kit for COVID-19. Method Antigen tests were compared with Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction as a reference standard in calculated sample size of 113 subjects in a high risk population. Both Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction and antigen test were performed in a same subject with in maximum of 2 days’ interval. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the subjects. Ethical approval was taken from Nepal Health Research Council before data collection. Study was done from August to September 2020 from Quarantine center of Province 3. Result There were total of 113 test carried out, among those 47 were positive and 66 were negative in Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction. After preparing two by two table, Sensitivity and specificity of the tested was calculated which came out to be 85% and 100% respectively, with accuracy of 93.80%. Conclusion Even though the sensitivity and specificity came to be higher, this test should be interpreted cautiously depending upon the prevalence of Corona Virus Disease 19 in that particular community and the clinical and epidemiological context of the person who has been tested. When in doubt by clinical correlation should be confirmed with Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Possible re-infection of SARS-CoV-2 complicated by dengue virus co-infection: report of a rare case from Bangladesh

BIRDEM Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/birdem.v10i0.50993 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 105-106

Author(s):

Miah Wahiduzzaman ◽

Muhammad Abdur Rahim

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Dengue Virus ◽

Rare Case ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Haemorrhagic Fever ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Mild Form ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Re-infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and co-infection by dengue virus and SARS-CoV-2 are possible. We report a case of dengue haemorrhagic fever, occurring in a young Bangladeshi man, who concurrently tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Four months previously, he suffered a mild form of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This case is reported to make the physicians aware that, co-infections are possible in this COVID-19 pandemic, specially in dengue endemic regions and countries like Bangladesh. Birdem Med J 2020; 10, COVID Supplement: 105-106

Pan-filovirus one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction screening assay

10.1101/579458 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katharina Kopp ◽

Ina Smith ◽

Reuben Klein ◽

Shawn Todd ◽

Glenn A. Marsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reverse Transcription ◽

Disease Ecology ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Virus Species ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Screening Assay ◽

One Step ◽

ABSTRACTFive species within the genera Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus of the family Filoviridae are known to cause severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates in humans and non-human primates. Recent large outbreaks of Ebola virus disease in West Africa (2014 - 2016) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2018 - ongoing) have demonstrated the epidemic potential with devastating public health consequences. Several known and novel filovirus species have been found in bats in recent years. However, the role of each virus species in the disease ecology of human disease is still unclear. In particular, the transmission mechanism from potential animal hosts to humans is not known. Therefore, a simple, flexible, cost-effective screening tool for detecting the presence of any (putative) member of the filovirus family in animal samples is needed. In this study, a one-step conventional pan-filovirus RT-PCR assay was developed. The designed universal consensus primers of this screening test target two highly conserved regions of the nucleoprotein (NP) of all currently known filoviruses. The assay was capable of specific amplification of viral RNA of all six primate-pathogenic (human and non-human) filovirus species and resulted in 317 bp long RT-PCR products. This amplicon length renders the assay suitable for flexible application as conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as for future use as rapid real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Prevalence of COVID-19 Positive Cases Diagnosed By Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Mortality from SARS-Cov-2 among Suspected Population

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies ◽

10.47191/ijmscrs/v1-i10-04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 01 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Aklima Akter ◽

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Age Group ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Recovery ◽

SARS-CoV-2, a newly emergent virus is the responsible agent for causing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is an outgoing pandemic. Test for SARS-CoV-2 is necessary not only to confirm the cases but also to control its transmission. To diagnose Covid-19, Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 is used. A retrospective, cross sectional research was conducted in Brahmanbaria Medical college to find out the prevalence of RT-PCR positivity in suspected COVID-19 patients presented from July, 2021 to August, 2021 in the Department of Microbiology. Data was collected from the registry book of the Department of Microbiology. Among the total suspected samples (n=2025), about 1145 (56.54%) cases found positive. Among the positive cases, 59% were symptomatic, and 41% were asymptomatic. Out of the total confirmed cases, 487 (42.53%) were male & 658 were (56.54) % female. Among the confirmed cases, total recovery cases were 1057 (92.3 %) and death cases were 88 (7.7%). More death was observed in age group between 51-60 years. More than half of the positive cases with a medium number of asymptomatic population indicate a high chance of disease transmission. Female being the more vulnerable group of getting infected and age group above 50 years were more prone to succumb.

Hypothetical model of disease course of COVID-19 patients and their exit plan

Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jpahs.v7i1.28864 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 58-61

Author(s):

Abhishek Tiwary ◽

Bimal Pandey

Keyword(s):

Virus Disease ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Disease Course ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Hypothetical Model ◽

Illness Onset ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Pcr Test

In view of preparing ourselves for the possible rise of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) cases, we have proposed a hypothetical model of disease course in COVID-19 patients admitted in Patan Hospital and the exit plan based on available evidences. This will give us a scientific basis of planning discharge of our future cases. According to it, patients are subjected to repeat Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on day 20 of illness onset and then every 4 days till negative result. Patients with two negative PCR test repeated 24 hours apart are discharged and advised for 14 days’ home quarantine.

1504: Molecular Diagnosis and Staging of Prostate Cancer Using Clusterin in Real Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)33708-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 175 (4S) ◽

pp. 485-486

Author(s):

Sabarinath B. Nair ◽

Christodoulos Pipinikas ◽

Roger Kirby ◽

Nick Carter ◽

Christiane Fenske

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Real Time ◽

Molecular Diagnosis ◽

Reverse Transcription ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase chain reaction amplification and typing of rotavirus in environmental samples

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1995.0643 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 31 (5-6) ◽

pp. 371-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. Gajardo ◽

R. M. Pintó ◽

A. Bosch

Keyword(s):

Environmental Samples ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Group A ◽

Reaction Amplification ◽

Stool Specimens ◽

A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay is described that has been developed for the detection and serotyping of group A rotavirus in stool specimens and concentrated and non-concentrated sewage specimens.

Machine Learning Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Polymerase Chain Reaction Results with Routine Blood Tests

Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1093/labmed/lmaa111 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Tschoellitsch ◽

Martin Dünser ◽

Carl Böck ◽

Karin Schwarzbauer ◽

Jens Meier

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Blood Tests ◽

Routine Blood ◽

Machine Learning Model ◽

Abstract Objective The diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory secretions, blood, or stool. Currently, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most commonly used method to test for SARS-CoV-2. Methods In this retrospective cohort analysis, we evaluated whether machine learning could exclude SARS-CoV-2 infection using routinely available laboratory values. A Random Forests algorithm with 1353 unique features was trained to predict the RT-PCR results. Results Out of 12,848 patients undergoing SARS-CoV-2 testing, routine blood tests were simultaneously performed in 1528 patients. The machine learning model could predict SARS-CoV-2 test results with an accuracy of 86% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90. Conclusion Machine learning methods can reliably predict a negative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test result using standard blood tests.

A meta-analysis of accuracy and sensitivity of chest CT and RT-PCR in COVID-19 diagnosis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80061-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Khatami ◽

Mohammad Saatchi ◽

Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh ◽

Zahra Sadat Aghamir ◽

Alireza Namazi Shabestari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reverse Transcriptase ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Chest Ct Scan

AbstractNowadays there is an ongoing acute respiratory outbreak caused by the novel highly contagious coronavirus (COVID-19). The diagnostic protocol is based on quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and chests CT scan, with uncertain accuracy. This meta-analysis study determines the diagnostic value of an initial chest CT scan in patients with COVID-19 infection in comparison with RT-PCR. Three main databases; PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and EMBASE were systematically searched for all published literature from January 1st, 2019, to the 21st May 2020 with the keywords "COVID19 virus", "2019 novel coronavirus", "Wuhan coronavirus", "2019-nCoV", "X-Ray Computed Tomography", "Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Reverse Transcriptase PCR", and "PCR Reverse Transcriptase". All relevant case-series, cross-sectional, and cohort studies were selected. Data extraction and analysis were performed using STATA v.14.0SE (College Station, TX, USA) and RevMan 5. Among 1022 articles, 60 studies were eligible for totalizing 5744 patients. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chest CT scan compared to RT-PCR were 87% (95% CI 85–90%), 46% (95% CI 29–63%), 69% (95% CI 56–72%), and 89% (95% CI 82–96%), respectively. It is important to rely on the repeated RT-PCR three times to give 99% accuracy, especially in negative samples. Regarding the overall diagnostic sensitivity of 87% for chest CT, the RT-PCR testing is essential and should be repeated to escape misdiagnosis.