scholarly journals Safety and Effectiveness of Transforaminal Epiduroscopic Laser Ablation in Single Level Disc Disease: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (21;1) ◽  
pp. E643-E650
Author(s):  
Dong Ah Shin
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Single Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: The non-operative treatment of herniated intervertebral discs has long been a fundamental challenge. A novel technique of laser ablation to ablate the nucleus pulposus under a transforaminal epiduroscope (TELA system, Lutronics, Seoul, Republic of Korea) was recently developed. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transforaminal epiduroscopic laser ablation (TELA) for selective ablation of the nucleus pulposus in single-level disc disease. Study Design: Prospective case control study Setting: Multicenter study Methods: This study included a group of 56 patients who underwent transforaminal epiduroscopic laser ablation (TELA) and 56 patients who underwent selective transforaminal epidural block (STEB) for single-level disc disease. Visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and SF-12 were assessed at admission and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Results: The mean VAS of back pain was lower for the TELA group than for the STEB group 12 months postoperative (P < 0.05). The mean ODI was lower in the TELA group than in the STEB group at 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). There were no major complications related to the TELA and STEB procedures. Limitations: The primary limitation is a small sample size. The control group was created from a database which was prospectively collected in a different time line. Conclusions: The TELA procedure is superior to the STEB procedure in terms of patients reporting less pain and better quality of life over a year. TELA may be a reasonable alternative to conventional interventions or open surgery in single-level disc disease. Key words: Laser-assisted spinal endoscopy, disc decompression, Nd:YAG laser, laser ablation, intervertebral disc disease, lumbar spine

Association of Serum Homocysteine Level and Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: A Case-control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Nazarinia ◽  
Asghar Zare ◽  
Mohammad javad Fallahi ◽  
Mesbah Shams
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background:Systemic sclerosis is a disorder of connective tissue with unknown cause, affecting the skin and internal organs, characterized by fibrotic changes.Objective:To determine the correlation between serum homocysteine level and interstitial lung involvement in systemic sclerosis. </P><P> Materials and Methods: In this case – control study, 59 patients who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for systemic sclerosis and were referred to Hafez Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, were included as the case group. Fifty nine healthy subjects were involved as the control group. Patients were divided into two groups based on interstitial lung involvement and two subtypes, diffuse and limited type. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels compared between the controls, and cases groups.Results:Of 59 case and control group, 53 (%89.8) were female and the mean age did not differ in both groups (P=0.929). Thirty five (%59.3) patients had interstitial lung involvement and 38(%64.4) had diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The mean serum homocysteine level was 13.9±6.3 µmol/L in the case and 13.7±9.2 µmol/L in the control group (P=0.86). The mean serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients with and without interstitial lung involvement (P=0.52). The patients with lung involvement was older than those without lung involvement (P=0.004). Lung disease was more common in diffuse type (P=0.014).Conclusion:In our study, serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients and healthy subjects. Also, there was no correlation between serum homocysteine level and lung involvement, but lung involvement was more common in older patients and also diffuse subtype.

scholarly journals Mental and personality disorders in infertile women with polycystic ovary: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1241-1249
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ahmadi ◽  
Mahbobeh Faramarzi ◽  
Zahra Basirat ◽  
Farzan Kheirkhah ◽  
Mohammad Chehrazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Control Study

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women. Objective: The current study investigated mental and personality disorders in infertile women with and without PCOS. Methods: This case-control study evaluated 400 infertile women who referred to the Infertility Center in Babol city (North of Iran). Participants were categorized into the case group (201 PCOS) and the control group (199 without PCOS). All of the participants completed the Millon Clinical Multi-axial Inventory-III (MCMI-III). Results: The mean scores for clinical personality patterns were significantly higher for six personality disorders (schiz- oid, avoidant, antisocial, depressive, sadistic, and negativistic) and for three classes of severe personality disorder patterns (schizotypal, borderline, and paranoid) in infertile women with PCOS than in women without PCOS. The mean scores for eight clinical disorders (somatoform, manic disorder, dysthymia, alcohol-dependence, drug-dependence, post-trauma stress disorder, major depression, and delusion disorder) were also higher in infertile women with PCOS than in women without PCOS. Conclusion: The scores of many mental and personality disorders are higher in infertile women with PCOS than in women without PCOS. Thus, clinicians should prioritize recognizing and treating psychological problems of infertile women with PCOS. Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome; infertility; personality disorders.

scholarly journals P120 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM ESTRADIOL LEVELS AND MEN WITH GROIN HERNIA : A CASE - CONTROL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Muduli ◽  
Alok Sahu ◽  
Haramohan Barik ◽  
Parikshita Dalai
Keyword(s):  
Groin Hernia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estradiol Levels ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Aim To assess if increased serum levels of estradiol is an independent risk factor for occurrence of groin hernia in men. Material and Methods We performed a hospital based case-control study. Men diagnosed with groin hernia were taken as cases and men who did not have groin hernia but were admitted for other elective surgery were taken as controls. Cases were matched to controls based on age and BMI. Morning fasting blood sample was collected from both cases and controls used to measure serum estradiol levels. Results A total of 46 hernia cases and 91 non-hernia controls were included in the study. The mean age and BMI of both cases and controls were not significantly different. The mean serum estradiol level for cases was 53.5 ±7.11 pg/ml. This value was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001) than for the control group which was 28.3 ± 3.14 pg/ml. A strong positive association was observed between increasing serum estradiol levels and hernia incidence. Men in 4th (highest) quartile of estradiol levels had a relative risk of 2.27 (95% CI:1.33-3.04) compared to men in 2nd quartile. Men in 1st (lowest) quartile didn’t have any hernia cases. Conclusions The knowledge may allow treatment or prevention with novel nonsurgical approaches. Therapy with aromatase inhibitors might prevent recurrence after hernia repair or even help men avoid surgery in the first place. Prevention of hernia will lead to decrease in morbidity and cost burden due to surgical treatment to a long extent.

scholarly journals Tooth eruption sequence and dental crowding: a case-control study

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Moshkelgosha ◽  
Negar Khosravifard ◽  
Ali Golkari
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Control Study

When cases of dental crowding are identified and diagnosed promptly, interceptive orthodontics is particularly successful.Aim: To assess the differences in the eruption sequence of the mandibular canine and first premolar teeth in children with and without dental crowding.Materials and Methods: Children who attended the Shiraz Dental School's orthodontic clinic (Iran) from September to December 2012 were enrolled in this case-control study. Tooth size arch length discrepancy (TSALD) of all 8-10 year olds was calculated from patients’ dental models. Thirty-six children were randomly selected from those with TSALD of equal or less than 4mm (those with crowding). Each selected case was matched for sex and age with another child (as control) with TSALD>−4mm attending the same clinic, in the same time period. The existing panoramic radiographs were traced and the eruption percentages were measured for mandibular canine and first premolar teeth. The mean difference between canine and first premolar eruption percentages was compared between the case and control groups using the SPSS (version PASW 18) software and a paired sample t-test.Results: Canine and first premolar eruption percentages in the case group were 65.82±13.00 and 78.92±10.15 percent, respectively. The mean eruption percentages for canines and first premolars of the control group were 74.12±14.55 and 75.47±11.60 percent, respectively. There was a significant difference in pre-eruptive positions of canine and first premolar teeth in those with moderate to severe crowding when compared to the control group (p<0.001).Conclusion: These findings may improve the early diagnosis of children with high risk of developing moderate to severe crowding during mixed dentition.

scholarly journals Sarcoidosis-Like Cancer-Associated Granulomatosis: Characteristics and a Case-Control Comparison with Sarcoidosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1988
Author(s):  
Jean Pastré ◽  
Diane Bouvry ◽  
Karine Juvin ◽  
Amira Benattia ◽  
Isabella Annesi-Maesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Control Comparison ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

(1) Background: Systemic granulomatosis developed in a context of malignancy has already been reported. Our objective was to describe the clinical, radiological, functional, biological, and evolutive characteristics of sarcoidosis-like cancer-associated granulomatosis (SLCAG) and to compare them to those of sarcoidosis. (2) Methods: 38 patients with a biopsy-proven SLCAG developed after a diagnostic of malignancy were included. The control group consisted of sarcoidosis patients matched for age, sex, and radiologic stage. Clinical, biological, physiological, radiological, and outcome data were collected. (3) Results: The mean age of SLCAG patients was 51 ± 14 years. They were diagnosed within 15 ± 14 months of the cancer diagnosis (breast cancer most frequently). All SLCAG patients presented a thoracic involvement, extrathoracic locations were observed in 32% of subjects. SLCAG was more often asymptomatic than sarcoidosis (p < 0.0001). During follow-up, systemic treatment was less often required in SLCAG than in sarcoidosis (58% vs. 32%, p = 0.04 respectively) and SLCAG were characterized by a significantly less severe progression profile according to the Sarcoid Clinical Activity Classification, with a complete recovery more frequent at 5 years (p = 0.03). (4) Conclusion: This case-control study shows that SLCAG differs from sarcoidosis with a significantly more benign course. These results might argue for true differences in the physiopathology, which remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Uric Acid and Parkinson’s Disease: A Case Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Md Enayetul Islam ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Farhana Salam ◽  
Takib Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Uttam Kumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Aim: Recent studies have provided evidence that uric acid (UA) is supposed to play a neuro-protective role in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Uric acid is a natural antioxidant that may reduce oxidative stress, a mechanism thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of PD. This study aimed to evaluate whether the serum UA level was associated with PD in a relatively small population of Bangladeshi patients. Materials and methods: An observational prospective case control Study was conducted in Neurology department of Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital including both the male and female wards during July 2012 to December 2013. Serum uric acid were determined from 40 PD patients and compared with 70 age and sex matched control; following the uric acid colorimetric method, the serum creatinine (Scr) levels were also measured to reduce the bias caused by possible differences in renal excretion function. Data were analyzed with software SPSS 16 and statistical descriptive methods (mean percentage, SD) and t-test. Result: In this study, 22 men (55%) and 18 women (45%) with PD were evaluated. The mean serum uric acid in patients was 3.7±0.97 and in the control group was 5.32 ±0.44. This difference was statistically significant.(p=0.001) Also, the mean serum uric acid in both men (3.48±0.98) and women (4.1±1.17) patients group was statistically lower than both men (5.39±0.46) and women (5.17±0.35) in control group.(p=0.001). Conclusion: This present study showed a positive association between low serum UA and PD . Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2015; Vol. 31 (1): 9-14

scholarly journals Prevalence of antinuclear antibody in patients with multiple sclerosis: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Alnajashi ◽  
Foziah Alshamrani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Antinuclear Antibody ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Clinical Examination Finding

Abstract Background Antinuclear antibody (ANA) is a common test for excluding alternative diagnoses. However, the significance of ANA testing in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. Objectives To compare the prevalence of positive ANA antibody and its titer between patients with MS (cases) and non-MS patients who attended neurology clinics (control) in Saudi Arabia. Methods A case-control review of ANA results for all patients who attended a neurology MS clinic. We compared a convenience sample of patients with MS with individuals with general neurology problems and no known autoimmune diseases. Results There were 115 and 103 participants in the MS and control group, respectively. The mean age in the MS and control group was 33.76 ± 8.96 years and 34.95 ± 8.56 years, respectively. In the MS group, 25.22%, 60%, 11.30%, and 3.48% were negative, mildly positive, moderately positive, and strongly positive for ANA, respectively. In the control group, there were 34.95%, 54.37%, and 10.68% were negative, mild positive, and moderate positive, respectively. There were numerically, but not significantly, more positive cases in the MS group (74.78%) than in the control group (65.05%) (p = .117). Conclusion ANA testing in routine MS screening for excluding alternative diagnoses should be discouraged unless there is a remarkable history or clinical examination finding. Mild positive ANA is common among patients with MS and does not significantly differ from the general population.

Mastalgia and associated factors: A case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Y Satish Reddy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Breast Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cyclical Mastalgia ◽  
Control Study

Background: patients with breast pain are often referred to surgery department. The present study was conducted to determine the factors associated with Mastalgia among women attending a tertiary care hospital Methods: This case control study was conducted on 120 women between the age 18 to 65 in the department of General surgery. The study included case subjects (n = 50) with Mastalgia and the control subjects (n = 50) without Mastalgia. The severity of breast pain was calculated with visual analog scale. questionnaire was given to all the participants and data is collected. Data was analysed by SPSS version 16 and P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant value. Results: Among those who had experienced mastalgia, 76% (46) had cyclical mastalgia and 24% (14) had non-cyclical mastalgia. The mean of pain score was 4.72 ± 2.28 and most of the women(18%) had pain score of “6” which is moderate pain The mean age and Body mass index were higher in the case group than control group (p<0.005). Stressful lifestyle, caffeine consumption, smoking, higher BMI and higher breast-fed infants were significantly associated with mastalgia (p < 0.001). postmenopausal women have decreased frequency of mastalgia which is significantly associated with mastalgia (p < 0.001). Conclusion: age, BMI, Stress, caffeine, smoking, lactation frequency, menopause state were found to be related with mastalgia.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Cystatin C with Pre-eclampsia: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Nasima Akhter ◽  
Farzana Deeba ◽  
Begum Nasrin ◽  
Saleha Begum Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: Cystatin C, an endogenous marker of renal function, which increases in pregnancy as more so in pre-eclampsia, studies show it may be marker of pre-eclampsia. Objective (s): The objective of the present work was to investigate the association between serum cystatin C levels in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy. Methods and material: This case control study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in three tertiary care hospitals of Dhaka city (BSMMU, DMC, BIRDEM ) during the period from January 2009 to December 2010. A total 240 women of 20-40 wks of pregnancy were enrolled in the study. One hundred and twenty four women of pre-eclampsia were recruited as case and 116 healthy pregnant women were enrolled as control. Serum cystatin C was measured in both case and control by a fully automated particle-enhanced immune-turbidimetric assay for cystatin C in undiluted samples. Serum cystatin C level was compared between the groups. P value reached from unpaired student t-test and chi square test by analyzing the data. P value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: The mean (±SD) serum cystatin C levels in case group was 1.17±0.34 mg/lranged from 0.1-2.2 mg/l. In control groups the mean (±SD) serum cystatin C level was 0.87±0.31 mg/l, ranged from 0.24-1.98 mg/l, which was significantly higher (p<0.001) in case. There was statistically significant association between serum cystatin C and pre-eclampsia. Serum Cystatin C level >1mg/l was found in more than half (69%) of the cases compared to 25% of the control group (p<0.001). Computation of odds ratio reveals that the cases had 6.79 times higher risk of having pre-eclampsia than that of the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: There is significant association between pre-eclampsia and serum cystatin C Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 29-32

scholarly journals Vitamin D level and telogen hair loss: A Case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiceer A. Turkan ◽  
Jamal R. Al-Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Abstract   Background: Hair loss is a common skin condition. Hair is not a vital organ but losing it has a worse effect on the psychological state of the patient and may interrupt his daily social activities. Telogen effluvium founded to be the commonest noninflammatory cause to diffuse hair loss. Since nutritional disturbances are one of the triggering factors for it. It might be useful in the management of TE Due to the limited number of studies& little information is available on this subject possible role of vitamin D or its deficiency should be studied further. Aim of the study:  to determine the association between Telogen effluvium and vitamin D level. Materials and methods: This is a case-control study performed in a period between December 2018 until June 2020; in Baghdad dermatology center at medical city. One hundred women who were seeking treatment for diffuse hair shedding and who hadn’t received treatment or supplements yet and One hundred fifty control subjects are chosen from patients who were referred to the dermatology clinic for the treatment of nevi and who are not pregnant or lactating, had no systemic or local scalp diseases are included in the study. Full History, physical examination performed for all cases including looking for cutaneous diseases, supplements & drug intake. Serum Vitamin D3 is measured using (Ichroma (TM), Boditech Med Inc., Korea). Result: A total of 250 females were included in this study, 100 of them got telogen effluvium &  150 were patients who attend dermatology clinic seeking treatments for nevi or skin tag (control group) .The mean age of  cases was (22.59 ±4.837 year) that wasn’t significantly different from mean age of control group (23.647±6.022 years) (p-value =0.127). The mean level of Vitamin D was significantly lower than that of control group (11.16±4.49) Vs (18.98±10.65), P value <0.001. Vitamin D mean level in acute phase was significantly higher than that of chronic phase pts. (11.68±4.77 & 9.93 ±3.55 respectively), p value=0.04. Mean vit. D among symptomatic patients. (9.7 ± 3.5) was significantly lower than that among asymptomatic pts. (13±4.19) (p=0.001).No significant association were noticed between job & residence of the patients of both groups, (P-value =0.283 & 0.069 respectively (. Conclusion: Age mean difference was not significant among cases and controls. Deficiency in vitamin D may assume a possible leading cause of telogen effluvium among women with hair loss. Cases were significantly associated with low level of Vitamin D3 than controls.Low level of vitamin D was dominant among housewives, urban women, and among symptomatic patients with acute duration.

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