CONGENITAL CHOANAL ATRESIA: A CASE SERIES

Congenital Choanal Atresia (CA) is the failure in the development in communication between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. Its incidence is 1 in 7000 births. The male to female ratio for infants with choanal atresia is 2.2. Approximately two-thirds of cases are unilateral. Structurally there are two main types– a) Osseous-90% b) Membranous. Bilateral CA is an important but rare cause of respiratory distress in newborn. The distress improves with an oral airway. Here 3 paediatric cases of congenital choanal atresia are being discussed. Choanal atresia as a differential diagnosis should always be kept in mind in children presenting with respiratory distress in early neonatal period and in patients presenting with unilateral nasal discharge. Endoscopic surgical technique of choanal atresia repair along with stenting was done in all the 3 cases.

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DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF NASAL MASS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF JHARKHAND

10.36106/gjra/6804895 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-7

Author(s):

Md Raihan ◽

Suraj Sinha ◽

Sona Pathak ◽

Sunil Kumar Mahto

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Nasal Discharge ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Elderly Age ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Nasal Mass ◽

Abnormal Growth ◽

Male To Female

Background: Nasal mass is abnormal growth in the nose, which may be benign or malignant and may be unilateral or bilateral. Nasal masses in most patients present with complaints of nasal obstruction. It may cause nasal discharge, epistaxis and anosmia. A nasal mass can have various differential diagnosis which this study aims to explore. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of histopathologically diagnosed cases of nasal masses for a period 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: Out of 95 patients 55 (57.89%) male and 40 (42.10%) female, male to female ratio is 1.37:1 with a mean age of 23 years (range= 2-63 years). Most of the cases 94(98.95%) were non-malignant and only 1(1.05%) was malignant (Adenoid cystic carcinoma). Malignancy of sinonasal tract is rare. Conclusion: With this study we can say that nasal masses are more common in males than females, adults age groups affected more than elderly age groups. It is also inferred that most of the nasal masses are benign in nature and very few cases are malignant in nature.

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A national study of choanal atresia in tertiary care centers in Canada – part I: clinical presentation

Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40463-021-00517-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Josee Paradis ◽

Agnieszka Dzioba ◽

Hamdy El-Hakim ◽

Paul Hong ◽

Frederick K. Kozak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Choanal Atresia ◽

Case Series ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

National Study ◽

Feeding Difficulties ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Tertiary Care Centers

Abstract Background To evaluate the clinical presentation of choanal atresia (CA) in tertiary centers across Canada. Methods Multi-centre case series involving six tertiary care pediatric hospitals across Canada. Retrospective chart review of patients born between 1980 and 2010 diagnosed with CA at a participating center. Results The health charts of 215 patients (59.6% female) with CA were reviewed and included in this study. The mean age of patients at time of CA presentation was 0.4 months (range 0.1 to 7.2 months) for bilateral CA and 37.8 months (range 0.1 to 164.1 months) for unilateral cases. The most common presenting symptoms for bilateral CA in decreasing order were respiratory distress (96.4%), feeding difficulties (68.2%), and rhinorrhea (65.5%), and for unilateral cases in decreasing order were rhinorrhea (92.0%), feeding difficulties (24.7%), and respiratory distress (18.0%). For the majority of patients (73.2%), the obstruction comprised mixed bony and membranous tissue, with only 10.5% presenting with a purely membranous obstruction. Familial history of CA was confirmed in only 3.3% of cases. One half of patients with CA presented with one or more associated anomalies and 30.6% had a syndrome. Conclusions The present investigation is the first national multi-institutional study evaluating the clinical presentation of CA over three decades. The present cohort of CA patients presented with a breadth of co-morbidities with highly variable presentations, with bilateral cases being more severely affected than unilateral cases. Further investigation into hereditary linkages to CA development is warranted. Graphical abstract

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CARCINOMA OF URINARY BLADDER;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.11.668 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1691-1696

Author(s):

Khalid Hussain ◽

Manzoor Ahmad Khan ◽

Attiq ur Rahman Khan ◽

Imran Amin ◽

Muhammad Khalid Butt

Keyword(s):

Bladder Tumor ◽

Tnm Classification ◽

Case Series ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Voiding Symptoms ◽

Case Series Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Muscle Invasive ◽

Male To Female ◽

Gross Haematuria

Introduction: The most common presentation of carcinoma of urinarybladder is haematuria. Almost 80-90% of patients with carcinoma of bladder present eitherwith microscopic or gross haematuria and it is mostly intermittent rather than constant. Somepatients also complain of irritative voiding symptoms such as frequency, urgency and dysuria.Study Design: Descriptive, case series study. Setting: Department of Urology, DHQ Hospital,Gujranwala, Pakistan. Period: July 2015 to June 2016. Materials & Methods: Total 30 patientsirrespective of age and gender with diagnosis of bladder tumor based on clinical symptomsand supported by laboratory tools like Urine cytology, Ultrasound and IVU were included. Thealready diagnosed patients of bladder tumor that have been treated with different modalitieswere excluded. All the tumors were staged according to TNM classification after TURBT andgraded on the basis of histopathology. Results: Mean age was 53.17+16.07SD years. Maleswere 25(83.3%) and females were 5(16.7%). Male to female ratio is 5:1. Twenty eight (93.3%)patients out of 30 presented with painless haematuria. 23(73.33%) patients out of 30 patientswere smokers. 09 (30%) patients had Ta, in which G1 was found in 2 patients and G2 in 7patients. T1 was found in 10 (33.3%) patients, in which G2 was 5(17.3%) and G3 was 5(17.3%)cases. Muscle invasive T2a was diagnosed in 04 patients amongst them G2 and G3 wasdetected in 2(6.6%) patients each respectively. T2b was present in 3 patients, which had G1 in1(3.3%) and G3 in 2(10%) patients. T3b G2 was found 01 patient and T3b G3 was detected in1(3.3%) patient, T4M1 G3 was present in 2(6.6%) patients. Conclusion: This study concludedthat the bladder tumor is quite common with muscle invasive TCC is more common. Painlesshematuria is the commonest presentation and also smoking has a definite association with CAbladder.

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Operative management of external auditory canal cholesteatoma: case series and literature review

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215113001850 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 127 (9) ◽

pp. 859-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M Sayles ◽

H A Kamel ◽

F F Fahmy

Keyword(s):

External Auditory Canal ◽

Case Series ◽

Operative Management ◽

External Ear ◽

Ear Canal ◽

Female Ratio ◽

External Ear Canal ◽

Temporal Bones ◽

External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma ◽

Male To Female

AbstractObjectives:To describe the clinical features of external auditory canal cholesteatoma, and to assess the outcome following bony meatoplasty with tragal cartilage and perichondrium graft repair.Methods:A retrospective review was carried out, comprising all patients with external auditory canal cholesteatoma who presented between January 2007 and December 2011. Patients underwent pre-operative audiometry and computed tomography imaging of the temporal bones, before undergoing bony meatoplasty via a postauricular incision. Pre- and post-operative comparisons were made of patients' otological symptoms and the otoscopic appearance of the external ear canal.Results and conclusion:Eight patients were included in the analyses. The median age of patients was 46.5 years (range 14–68 years), with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The median length of follow up was 16 months. The most common presenting features were unilateral otalgia and purulent otorrhoea. All patients had relatively advanced disease at presentation, with erosion of the temporal bone. All patients underwent bony meatoplasty via a postauricular approach to eradicate the disease. Bony meatoplasty was successful in the definitive management of external ear canal cholesteatoma.

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HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.06.2626 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (06) ◽

pp. 1204-1208

Author(s):

Faisal Shahab ◽

Irfan Murtaza Shahwani ◽

Shuaib Ansari ◽

Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Case Series ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Case Series Study ◽

Male To Female ◽

Series Study

Objectives: To identify the frequency of risk factors in hemorrhagic stroke at Liaquat university of medical and health sciences. Patient and methods: This Descriptive case series study of six months was carried out in the department of medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences. Patients aged 20-70 years of age with hemorrhagic stroke on CT were enrolled in the study after taking consent from caretaker of patients. Detailed history focusing on hypertension, diabetes and smoking and their duration was taken. Blood pressure was recorded and fundoscopy was done to find out diabetic or hypertensive retinopathy. Thorough neurological examination and fasting / random blood glucose level was evaluated while the data was done was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study during study period. 61% of patients were in > 50 years of age group with mean age of 53.4±11 years. A total of 66 (66%) were male; with male to female ratio was 2:1. Hypertension was present in 63% of cases, Diabetes was found in 24% cases and 44 patients were cigarette smokers. Conclusions: It was concluded that high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and smoking are associated with hemorrhagic stroke.

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Severe Rhinorrhea and Respiratory Distress in a Neonate Exposed to Fluphenazine Hydrochloride Prenatally

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1177/106002809603000106 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 35-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Shanta P Nath ◽

Debra A Miller ◽

Jonathan K Muraskas

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Congenital Syphilis ◽

Choanal Atresia ◽

Upper Airway ◽

In Utero ◽

Upper Airway Obstruction ◽

Case Summary ◽

Causative Factors

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of respiratory distress with severe rhinorrhea in a newborn exposed prenatally to fluphenazine hydrochloride. CASE SUMMARY: The safety of phenothiazines during pregnancy and the effect on the fetus and newborn are not well known. We describe a newborn who had severe rhinorrhea, vomiting, and respiratory distress after being exposed in utero to fluphenazine hydrochloride. Sepsis, choanal atresia, and congenital syphilis were excluded as causative factors for rhinorrhea. The rhinorrhea and upper airway obstruction responded to treatment with pseudoephedrine. CONCLUSIONS: Severe rhinorrhea, vomiting, and respiratory distress that occurred in this infant have not been reported previously following prenatal fluphenazine hydrochloride exposure. Awareness of this problem would be helpful to clinicians and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rhinorrhea in newborns.

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Paracoccidioidomycosis in the state of Maranhão, Brazil: geographical and clinical aspects

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822012000300020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 385-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Wilma Batista de Matos ◽

Gisele Maria Campelo dos Santos ◽

Vitor Emmanuel Bouças da Silva ◽

Eloísa da Graça do Rosário Gonçalves ◽

Antonio Rafael da Silva

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Case Series ◽

The State ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Direct Examination ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Central Regions ◽

Clinical Description ◽

Two Stages ◽

Male To Female

INTRODUCTION: The study aimed to show the situation of paracoccidioidomycosis in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: This study is a descriptive case series developed in two stages. First, a survey of cases originating from the state of Maranhão at the Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portela, Piauí (IDTNP) from 1997 to 2007, and second, the clinical description of 29 cases diagnosed in the Centro de Referências em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Maranhão (CREDIP) from 2004 to 2010. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixteen cases have been cataloged at the IDTNP. West, east, and central regions of the state of Maranhão recorded 90.3% of cases proving to be important areas for study. The western region, with a prevalence of 10.8/100,000 inhabitants, has a significantly higher proportion of cases than the northern, southern, and eastern regions (p < 0.05). The occurrence was higher in men with 89.3% of cases, and the male-to-female ratio was 8.4:1. The majority of patients were older than 20 years, lived in rural areas, and had farming or soil management as main occupation (73.8%). At CREDIP, 29 cases were diagnosed, of which 26 (89.6%) had multifocal manifestations. Mucous tissues were involved more (75.8%) frequently, followed by lymph nodes, skin, and lungs with 65.5%, 39% and 37.9 %, respectively. The diagnosis was made by combining direct examination, culture, and histopathology. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows the geographical distribution and the epidemiological and clinical aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis, revealing the significance of the disease to the state of Maranhão.

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Diaphragmatic Hernia with Atypical Presentation - A Case Series

Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons ◽

10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21050 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

SMA Shahid ◽

MN Ali ◽

M Ahmed ◽

SS Islam ◽

SB Hossain

Keyword(s):

Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽

Case Series ◽

College Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

The Mean ◽

Challenging Situation ◽

Male To Female ◽

Diaphragmatic Hernias

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia is one of the most challenging diagnosis faced by pediatric surgeons. From the time of its first anatomic description more than 300 years ago, CDH has carried a high mortality rate. We aimed to review patients who presented with hernia of diaphragm during the last six months. In this retrospective study, the medical records of three patients treated for diaphragmatic hernias who were admitted to Rajshahi Medical College Hospital between July 2012 and December 2012 were analyzed. Three patients with age of 45 days to 7 years were included in the study. Male to female ratio was 1:2. All patients had left-sided diaphragmatic hernia. Chest X-ray was obtained from all patients which was diagnostic. One patient needed thoracotomy incision. No patient required mesh repair. The mean hospitalization time was 14 days. There was no postoperative death. Diaphragmatic hernia is an uncommon and challenging situation for the surgeon. Prompt diagnosis and treatment prevent serious morbidity and mortality associated with complications such as gangrene and perforation of herniated organ. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21050 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 45-50

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Right sided arcus aorta as a cause of dyspnea and chronic cough

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.4081/mrm.2012.624 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Sevket Ozkaya ◽

Bilal Sengul ◽

Semra Hamsici ◽

Serhat Findik ◽

Unal Sahin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Chronic Cough ◽

Frequency of Thyrotoxicosis in Patient with One Sided Exophthalmos

RADS Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.37962/jpps.v8i2.373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 81-84

Author(s):

Tahreem Zafar ◽

Shumaila Perveen ◽

Nisar Khan ◽

Salman Khan ◽

Tahseen Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Sinus Thrombosis ◽

Case Series ◽

Posterior Segment ◽

Medical Department ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Associated Symptoms ◽

The Common ◽

Male To Female ◽

Orbital Rim

Background: Thyroid associated Opthalmo-pathy is a condition of lid retraction causing a staring appearance. This occurs in any form of thyrotoxicosis as a result of sympathetic overactivity.Exophthalmos is the forward protrusion of eye ball beyond the orbital rim. Material & Methods: This case series was observed in medical department Mufti Mehmood Teaching Hospital DIKhan, Pakistan over a period of eight months from February 2018 to September 2018. Detailed history with reference of duration of illness, mode of onset, progression and associated symptoms like fever, pain, diplopia and loss of vision was taken. Complete examination of orbit, eyelid, anterior and posterior segment was done. Routine Investigations along with special diagnostic tests like TFTs and MRI were performed to aid etiological diagnosis. Results: A total 47 patients were observed during this study period. Out of these 20 (21.27%) were male and 27 (57.44%) were female with male to female ratio 1:1.35 with mean age of 32 years. Out of 47 patients30 (63.82%) patients were having thyrotoxicosis as a cause of exophthalmos, 10(21.27%) were having retrobulbartumour, 5(10.63%) patients were with cavernous sinus thrombosis and 2(4.25%) patients were having idiopathic cause of exophthalmos. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis is the common cause of one sided exophthalmos and should be considered in all patients with one sided exophthalmos.

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