THE STUDY ON SERUM WITH eGFR IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Brahmarshi Das ◽  
Narendranath Hait ◽  
Titol Biswas ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage 1

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is dened as a disease characterized by alterations in either kidney structure or function or both for a minimum of 3 months duration. According to the National Kidney Foundation criteria, 1 CKD has been classied into ve stages with stage 1 being the earliest or mildest CKD state and stage 5 being the most severe CKD stage. To stage CKD, it is necessary to estimate the GFR rather than relying on serum creatinine concentration. Glomerular ltration rate (GFR), either directly measured by computing urinary clearance of ltration marker such as inulin or estimated by calculating from different equations using serum creatinine. is the most commonly used parameter to assess kidney function. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: a) Establish relationship between serum CKD and eGFR MATERIAL AND METHOD: A Cross-sectional study on 100 cases of newly diagnosed Chronic Kidney Disease patients and matched control subjects is undertaken to study.100 Patients who are newly diagnosed as CKD are selected after proper initial screening. RESULT AND ANALYSIS: In case, the mean eGFR (mean± s.d.) of patients was 25.1500 ± 11.8929. In control, the mean eGFR (mean± s.d.) of patients was 87.2200 ± 17.8295. Difference of mean eGFR in two groups was statistically signicant (p<0.0001). In case, the mean creatinine (mean± s.d.) of patients was 3.6350 ± 2.4419 mg/dl. In control, the mean creatinine (mean± s.d.) of patients was .9435 ± .1317 mg/dl. Difference of mean creatinine in two groups was statistically signicant (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: eGFR was strongly associated with CKD that also statistically signicant. The positive correlation was found in eGFR.

scholarly journals FGF-23 and Phosphate in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kazakhstan

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Altynay Balmukhanova ◽  
Kairat Kabulbayev ◽  
Harika Alpay ◽  
Assiya Kanatbayeva ◽  
Aigul Balmukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Fgf 23 ◽  
Stage 1

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is a complex medical and social issue around the world. One of the serious complications is mineral-bone disorder (CKD-MBD) which might determine the prognosis of patients and their quality of life. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a phosphaturic hormone which is involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD. The purpose of the study was to determine what comes first in children with CKD: FGF-23 or phosphate. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 73 children aged 2–18 years with CKD stages 1–5. We measured FGF-23 and other bone markers in blood samples and studied their associations. Results: Early elevations of FGF-23 were identified in children with CKD stage 2 compared with stage 1 (1.6 (1.5–1.8) pmol/L versus 0.65 (0.22–1.08), p = 0.029). There were significant differences between the advanced stages of the disease. FGF-23 correlated with PTH (r = 0.807, p = 0.000) and phosphate (r = 0.473, p = 0.000). Our study revealed that the elevated level of FGF-23 went ahead hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH. Thus, more than 50% of children with CKD stage 2 had the elevating level of serum FGF-23, and that index became increasing with the disease progression and it achieved 100% at the dialysis stage. The serum phosphate increased more slowly and only 70.6% of children with CKD stage 5 had the increased values. The PTH increase was more dynamic. Conclusions: FGF-23 is an essential biomarker, elevates long before other markers of bone metabolism (phosphate), and might represent a clinical course of disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Stojceva-Taneva ◽  
Natasa Eftimovska Otovic ◽  
Borjanka Taneva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) became a new epidemic of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal failure as a result of the diabetes epidemic worldwide.AIM: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of CKD in the Republic of Macedonia and its association with diabetes mellitus.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a part of a study conducted in 2006 in terms of screening for early detection of kidney disease. It was a cross-sectional study based on a random sample of patients aged > 20, consecutively consulting their primary physician for any cause. Fifty physicians throughout the country were included in the study. A total of 2637 patients have been analyzed based on integrity data. GFR was estimated using corrected values of serum creatinine and calculating kidney function by the Cockroft & Gault formula, adjusted for body surface using the Gehan & George formula. Patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min were considered as having CKD. Blood pressure, body weight, height, serum creatinine, glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, urinalysis and medical history for presence of cardiovascular diseases or diabetes were also assessed.RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 45.97 ± 16.55 SD and 17.97% were older than 60. Regarding gender, 44.14% were males. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 13.9%. Subjects with CKD (eGFR less than 60 ml/min) were 7.53% of the total. Subjects aged 60 or above, had 20 times higher risk of having CKD (eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2). Out of the total group of subjects, 13.9% had diabetes mellitus and they had 3.13 times higher risk of having CKD stage 3-5 (eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) when compared to non-diabetics. The results showed that diabetes was significantly more associated with lower eGFR (less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) in younger subjects (age less than 60) compared to older ones (odds ratio 3.29 versus 1.21).CONCLUSION: Our study showed that chronic kidney disease is frequent in the Republic of Macedonia and is associated with older age and diabetes. Diabetes had a significantly stronger association with CKD at younger age.

scholarly journals The Economic Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863292110360
Author(s):  
Hai-Yen Nguyen-Thi ◽  
Thanh-Nhan Le-Phuoc ◽  
Nhan Tri Phat ◽  
Dat Truong Van ◽  
Thuy-Trang Le-Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Cost

Our objective is to analyze the economic burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Vietnam, particularly in District 2 Hospital at Ho Chi Minh City in 2019. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data source is the medical records of the patients. Encoding the data, analyzing treatment cost, regression modeling, and verification were performed using Stata 15 software. Patients with stage 3 CKD account for the highest proportion of the CKD patient population. CKD comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and anemia, which increase the treatment fees of patients. Approximately half of the patients with CKD have diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Treatment costs increase as the condition of the patient worsens (except for stage 1 and 2 CKD). The total expenses of all CKD patients in District 2 Hospital were USD 916 423 988.60. Five main factors that affect the treatment fee of a patient: CKD stage, age, gender, and the presence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and anemia. The regression model correctly predicts 96% of cases and can explain 64.15% of the fluctuations in costs. The cost of CKD treatment was higher than Vietnam’s per capita GDP in 2019, and the primary factors affecting costs are comorbidities and dialysis.

The Epidemic of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients Referred to a Hematologist for Anemia.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 5521-5521
Author(s):  
Brian Zimmer ◽  
Dana Wentzel ◽  
James Reed ◽  
Sherrine Eid ◽  
Eliot Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Chart Audit ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract NHANES survey estimates the prevalence of CKD to be approximately 11% in the general population and 25% in the population over 65 years of age, and the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) associated anemia approaches 75% in Stage 5 CKD. Despite the high prevalence of CKD, and its strong association with anemia, many patients diagnosed with anemia and referred to a hematologist for evaluation frequently have the diagnosis of CKD overlooked, especially if one is using a serum creatinine to assess renal function. A more accurate method of assessing renal function and to appropriately stage CKD is the use of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) utilizing the modified MDRD equation. With the realization that CKD clearly has become known as a significant magnifier of cardiovascular risk (CVR), the importance of making the diagnosis of CKD has become quite apparent. Hypothesis: Patients referred to a hematologist for evaluation of anemia represent a population enriched with CKD. A retrospective chart audit was performed on patients being referred to a hematology practice from community physicians for the evaluation of anemia from January 2004 through December 31, 2005. All patients with a prior knowledge of CKD and a history of malignancy or myelodysplastic process were excluded from the study. The cohort consisted of 256 patients (37.5 % male and 62.5 % female) with a mean age of 67.56 ± 15.9 years. The mean serum creatinine was 1.16 ± .74 mg/dL with a mean calculated GFR by the modified MDRD (4 variable) equation of 69.9 ± 34.2 ml/min/1.73 m2. The mean ± SEM serum creatinine by stage of CKD in our patient population is: Stage 1: 0.67 ± 0.14 mg/dL, Stage 2: 0.92 ± 0.15 mg/dL, Stage 3: 1.40 ± 0.29 mg/dL, Stage 4: 2.23 ± 0.53 mg/dL, and Stage 5: 5.2 ± 2.89 mg/dL. Conservatively, we defined CKD as GFR <60 as urinalysis, imaging, or biopsy data were not available. In conclusion, an astounding 42.2 % of patients referred to a hematologist for the evaluation of anemia have CKD as compared to an estimated prevalence of 11 % in the general population reported by K/DOQI. Not only were these patients not aware of their diagnosis of CKD, but, of note also is the fact that 5.1 % were not aware of the presence of advanced CKD (GFR < 30) and 4 patients had Stage 5 CKD without awareness. 55.8 % of the patients over the age of 65 with anemia have CKD as compared to an estimated 25 % of the general population over the age of 65. This information stresses the need to assess all anemia patients for CKD and to appropriately stage them. Given the well accepted association between CKD and CVR, physicians caring for these patients can then stress the need for aggressive pursuit of both traditional and non traditional risk factor reduction to circumvent the significant CVR that is present in this population. Prevalence of Abnormal Renal Function by GFR Frequency Percent *K/DOQI = National Kidney Foundation’s Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative GFR > 90 (Normal /K/DOQI* Stage 1) 51 19.9 GFR 89 - 60 (K/DOQI Stage 2) 97 37.9 GFR 59 - 30 (K/DOQI Stage 3) 95 37.1 GFR 29 - 15 (K/DOQI Stage 4) 9 3.5 GFR < 15 (K/DOQI Stage 5) 4 1.6

scholarly journals PRE DIALYSIS PATIENTS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Syed Hidayet Ali ◽  
Bagwan Das ◽  
Agha Taj ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Besham Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Duration Of Disease

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an alarmingly increasingcondition from day to day andit is assumed that malnutrition is co-existent in patients withchronic renal failure (CRF). Malnutrition also occurs in pre-dialysis patients. Such patientshave reduced body weight, depleted fat (energy) stores, loss of somatic protein (low musclemass) and low levels of different plasma proteins like pre-albumin albumin, transferrin, andothers. Objective: To ascertain the frequency of malnutrition in dialysis independent patientsof chronic kidney disease. Setting: Department of nephrology, Jinnah Postgraduate MedicalCentre Karachi. Duration of study: 6 month from 1 June 2013 – 1 December 2013. Studydesign: cross sectional study. Subjects and methods: Patients with chronic kidney disease(GFR <60ml/min/1.73m2) on conservative management irrespective of cause and sex werestudied. All Patients with CKD stage 3 and onwards i. ecreatinine clearance less than 60ml/min/1.73m2for more than 6 months were considered. Descriptive analysis of these patientswas done by: Calculating mean ± SD for age and duration of disease. Male to female ratiowas calculated. Frequency of malnutrition in undialysed patients was calculated. The effectmodifier of age, gender, duration of disease was controlled through stratification. Chi squaretest was applied and p value ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Result: Out of 137 patients, 80were males and 57 were females and the mean age of patients was 58 ±5.8. Mean duration ofdisease was 5.2 ±1.05. Moderate malnutrition cases were 58(42.3%) while severe malnutritionwas observed in 32(23.35%) cases. Conclusion: Patients of chronic kidney disease were foundto be at risk of malnutrition.

scholarly journals A retrospective cross-sectional study of the associated factors of hyperuricemia in patients with chronic kidney disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052091922
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Guo ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Yu Pan ◽  
Yan-Lin Wang ◽  
Ze-Jin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients at different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the association of serum uric acid (SUA) with several clinical factors in a retrospective cross-sectional study of non-dialysis CKD patients at two hospitals in Shanghai, China. Methods The prevalence of hyperuricemia in CKD patients and the association of SUA with other clinical factors were examined using analysis of variance, chi-squared test, multivariate analysis, and other statistical methods. Results A total of 663 CKD patients were enrolled, of which approximately 52% had hyperuricemia. CKD patients with hyperuricemia had lower hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels but higher blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum phosphate levels than those without hyperuricemia. Serum uric acid level was positively associated with age, blood urea nitrogen , serum creatinine, cystatin C, and serum phosphate and negatively associated with hemoglobin and eGFR. In addition, CKD patients with anemia and hyperphosphatemia had a higher prevalence of hyperuricemia than those without anemia or hyperphosphatemia. Conclusions The prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with CKD progression supporting the use of urate-lowering treatment for patients with CKD stage 1 to 4.

Association Between Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Kotian ◽  
Ashok S. Naik ◽  
Manjunath Revanasiddappa ◽  
Maniyankode Krishnamohan Goutham
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives To compare the proportion of sensorineural hearing impairment (SHI) among patients of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3&4 with CKD stage 5. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study of 30 patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 and 30 patients in stage 5. All patients had an audiological evaluation with pure tone audiometry. Results Our study had 49 males (82%) and 11 females (18%), with the age ranging from 20 to 60 years (mean: 45.13 years). The mean SHI values in stage 3&4 were 28.44 dB and in CKD stage 5 was 31.22 dB. In the right ear, the mean hearing loss in stage 3, stage 4, and stage 5 was 28.17 dB, 28.67 dB, and 31.84 dB, respectively. In the left ear, the mean SHI values in stage 3, stage 4, and stage 5 were 27.05 dB, 31.89 dB, and 30.61 dB, respectively.The mean SHI in stage 3&4 for age group 20 to 30 years was 13.66 dB, for 31 to 40 years was 26.33 dB, for 41 to 50 years was 35.18 dB, for 51 to 60 years was 37.12 dB. The mean SHI in stage 5 for the age group of 20 to 30 years was 16.48 dB, for 31 to 40 years was 28.29 dB, for 41 to 50 years was 31.82 dB, for 51 to 60 years was 34.35 dB. There was a significant correlation between hearing loss and CKD with respect to age (p < 0.001). The duration of renal illness and associated comorbidities was not a significant contributor to hearing loss in our study (p > 0.05). Conclusion As per our study, with progression in the stage of chronic kidney disease, the hearing loss also increased indicating a possible link between the two. We also noted that the hearing loss increased with the increasing age.

scholarly journals Secreted Klotho and FGF23 in chronic kidney disease Stage 1 to 5: a sequence suggested from a cross-sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Pavik ◽  
Philippe Jaeger ◽  
Lena Ebner ◽  
Carsten A. Wagner ◽  
Katja Petzold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stage 1

scholarly journals Prevalence of impaired renal function and determinants in the southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Alvand ◽  
Farhad Abolnezhadian ◽  
Sudabeh Alatab ◽  
Zahra Mohammadi ◽  
Fatemeh Hayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health problem with faster progression in developing countries such as Iran. Here we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of CKD stage III+.Methods: This research is part of the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS), a large observational population-based cross-sectional study in which 30041 participants aged 20 to 65 were enrolled. CKD was determined with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2, based on two equations of Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). The multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the CKD stage III+ determinants.Results: Prevalence of CKD stage III+ is estimated to be 7.1 %, 5.5%, and 5.4% based on MDRD, CKD-EPI, and combination of both equations, respectively. More than 89% of CKD subjects aged higher than 40 years. In regression analysis, age more than 40 years had the strongest association with CKD stage III+ probability (OR: 8.23, 95% CI: 6.91-9.18). Higher wealth score, hypertension, High-Density Lipoprotein levels less than 40 mg/dl, and higher waist to hip ratio were all associated with CKD stage III+ while Arab ethnicity showed a protective effect (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57-0.78). Conclusion: Our findings provide detailed information on the CKD stage III+ and its determinants in the southwest region of Iran. Due to strong association between age and CKD stage III+, within a few decades we might expect a huge rise in the CKD prevalence.

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