scholarly journals EXERCISE INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kisan Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Exercise Induced

INTRODUCTION: Exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is transient narrowing of lower respiratory tract airways after exercise. It affects about 5 to 20 % of healthy individuals and 80% of Asthmatics. Obesity has been considered as one of the risk factor to the development of EIB. Symptoms of EIB are nonspecific and can be seen in a variety of disorders and studies have shown a lack of diagnosis specificity and sensitivity based on symptoms. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency of EIB in Medical students of Govt. Medical College Miraj. We also tried to find out association of body mass index (BMI) with EIB. We also tried to find out correlation of subjective feeling of breathlessness (symptom of EIB) with actual findings of spirometry tests used to asses EIB. METHOD: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 80 male medical students. Exercise challenge test was conducted for participants. Pre and post-test values of Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were compared and students with ≥ 10% decrease in post-test FEV1 & PEFR were considered positive cases of exercise induced bronchoconstriction. Statistical analysis was done by using software, IBM-SPSS VER 20. RESULT:In our study frequency of EIB in medical students was 6.4%. Decrease in post-test FEV1 and PEFR values were statistically significant with Pvalue < 0.001. Our findings show that there was no association between BMI and EIB. Our study results also reveal strong correlation between subjective feeling of breathlessness measured in terms of visual analogue scale (VAS) and objective spirometry tests used to assess EIB. CONCLUSION: EIB is one of the major problems to be addressed as increasing frequency of EIB in healthy population could pose a threat when people attempt exercise training for their health benefits. Proper care with physician's consultation can minimize undue risks associated with EIB in healthy people.

scholarly journals EXERCISE INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kisan Suryawanshi ◽  
Shrihari Bharsakle ◽  
Sachin Patankar ◽  
Mr. C. G. Patil ◽  
Sayali Raut*
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Exercise Induced

INTRODUCTION: Exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is transient narrowing of lower respiratory tract airways after exercise. It affects about 5 to 20 % of healthy individuals and 80% of Asthmatics. Obesity has been considered as one of the risk factor to the development of EIB. Symptoms of EIB are nonspecific and can be seen in a variety of disorders and studies have shown a lack of diagnosis specificity and sensitivity based on symptoms. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency of EIB in Medical students of Govt. Medical College Miraj. We also tried to find out association of body mass index (BMI) with EIB. We also tried to find out correlation of subjective feeling of breathlessness (symptom of EIB) with actual findings of spirometry tests used to asses EIB. METHOD: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 80 male medical students. Exercise challenge test was conducted for participants. Pre and post-test values of Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were compared and students with ≥ 10% decrease in post-test FEV1 & PEFR were considered positive cases of exercise induced bronchoconstriction. Statistical analysis was done by using software, IBM-SPSS VER 20. RESULT:In our study frequency of EIB in medical students was 6.4%. Decrease in post-test FEV1 and PEFR values were statistically significant with Pvalue < 0.001. Our findings show that there was no association between BMI and EIB. Our study results also reveal strong correlation between subjective feeling of breathlessness measured in terms of visual analogue scale (VAS) and objective spirometry tests used to assess EIB. CONCLUSION: EIB is one of the major problems to be addressed as increasing frequency of EIB in healthy population could pose a threat when people attempt exercise training for their health benefits. Proper care with physician's consultation can minimize undue risks associated with EIB in healthy people.

scholarly journals Airways Hyperresponsiveness and Atopy: A Comparison of Inuit and Montreal Schoolchildren

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Hemmelgarn ◽  
Esther Loozen ◽  
Sheila Saralegui ◽  
Susan Chatwood ◽  
Pierre Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Skin Testing ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Allergy Skin Testing ◽  
Airways Hyperresponsiveness

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence ol exercise induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness in Inuit children with that or children in Montreal, and to identify possible genetic and environmental determinants of the differences observed.DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.SETTING: Salluit, an isolated Inuit community in northern Quebec, and Montreal.POPULATION STUDIED: All children attending school in Salluit in grades 2 to 6 were eligible to participate. For the Montreal study, 18 schools were selected and from each of these one class from each of grades 1, 3 and 5 were chosen.MEASUREMENTS: Data collection for both locations included an exercise challenge test to assess exercise induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness (EIBH), allergy skin testing, a questionnaire for parents regarding details or the home environment as well as the child’s history of respiratory symptoms, and collection of dust samples from the bedroom floor and mattress for the presence of house dust mite.RESULTS: The prevalence or EIBH (defincd as a decline of 15% or more between pre-exercise forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1] and that at 5 or 10 mins postexercise) was 19.5% (23 of 118) among the Inuit children, compared with 8.8% (87 of 989) among the Montreal children. In contrast. only 8.6% of the Inuit children had a positive allergy skin test compared with 34% in Montreal.CONCLUSIONS: A higher prevalence of EIBH was found in Inuit schoolchildren compared with children of similar age in Montreal, although the prevalence of atopy was considerably lower.

scholarly journals Association between Blood Pressure and Obesity Indices in Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Gandhi ◽  
Jitender Sorout ◽  
Rohit Raina ◽  
Abhay Raina ◽  
Urvashi Miglani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Obesity Indices

Introduction: Obesity is strongly associated with other metabolic disorders including Hypertension (HTN), diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). High Blood Pressure (BP) is ranked as the third most important risk factor for attributable burden of disease in South Asia. Aim: The aim of present was to study the association between BP and obesity indices in medical student’s population. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a group of 100 healthy young medical students. BP, pulse and Hb O2% was measured by using sphygmomanometer, pulse oximeter. Obesity indices were measured by using weighing machine, stadiometer, measuring tape and impedance based Body Composition Analyser (BCA). Results: There was poor correlation of Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) with Total Body Fat (TF) and the association was not significant. SBP and DBP were mildly correlated with BMI. Whole body Visceral Fat (VF) correlation of SBP was moderate and significant. DBP was correlated with whole body VF and correlation was significant. But the whole body, trunk, leg Skin Fat (SF) and Muscle Fat (MF) were not having significant correlation with SBP and DBP. Finger to heart distance was positively correlated with SBP (p<0.05). Also, O2%, chest and hip size were positively correlated with SBP (p<0.05). Only whole body VF and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) were significantly (p<0.05) affected SBP. None of the other parameters affected DBP. Conclusion: The present study results found that Body Mass Index (BMI), VF and WHR had significant correlation with systolic and SBP and DBP. VF and WHR were significant predictors of SBP.

scholarly journals Impact of detecting and treating exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in elite footballers

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 00122-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R. Jackson ◽  
James H. Hull ◽  
James G. Hopker ◽  
John W. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Repeat Assessment

Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in elite football players and assess subsequent impact of therapy on airway health and exercise performance.97 male professional football players completed an airway health assessment with a eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea (EVH) challenge to diagnose EIB. Players demonstrating a positive result (EVH+) were prescribed inhaler therapy depending on severity, including inhaled corticosteroids and inhaled short-acting β2-agonists, and underwent repeat assessment after 9 weeks of treatment. Eight players (EVH+n=3, EVH−n=5) completed a peak oxygen uptake (V′O2peak) test at initial and follow-up assessment.Out of the 97 players, 27 (28%) demonstrated a positive EVH result. Of these, 10 had no prior history (37%) of EIB or asthma. EVH outcome was not predictable by respiratory symptoms. Seven (24%) of the 27 EVH+players attended follow-up and demonstrated improved post-challenge spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s pre-test −22.9±15.4%, post-test −9.0±1.6%; p=0.018). At follow-upV′O2peakimproved by 3.4±2.9 mL·kg−1·min−1in EVH+players compared to 0.1±2.3 mL·kg−1·min−1in EVH−players. Magnitude of inference analysis indicated treatment was possibly beneficial (74%) for exercise capacity.Elite football players have a high EIB prevalence. Treatment with inhaler therapy reduces EIB severity.

scholarly journals A comparative study of dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach among Chinese nursing and medical students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Lily Dongxia Xiao ◽  
Rong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Care Approach

Abstract BackgroundDementia care requires inter-disciplinary collaboration starting from formal health professional education. Yet, little is known about how undergraduate medical and nursing students perceive dementia care in China. The aim of this study was to investigate undergraduate medical and nursing students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach in China.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Students enrolled in a 5-year Bachelor of Medicine Program and a 4-year Bachelor of Nursing Program from four universities with campuses across Eastern, Western, Southern and Northern China were recruited into the study. Three validated instruments, Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS), Dementia Care Attitude Scale (DCAS) and Approach to Advanced Dementia Care Questionnaire (ADCQ), were used to examine students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and perceived care approach. Data were collected using a self-administered survey.ResultsThe number of medical and nursing students completing the survey was 526 and 467 respectively. Students’ overall knowledge about dementia was poor, but attitudes were generally positive. The overall mean score of students’ dementia knowledge examined by the ADKS was 19.49 (SD=2.82) out of 30, students’ attitudes to dementia was 29.92(SD=3.35) out of 40, and students’ person-centred care approach of dementia was 5.42 (SD=2.20) out of 13. Medical students demonstrated higher dementia knowledge scores and showed less positive attitude scores than nursing students (p<0.05). Students would not apply a person-centred care approach. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of ADCQ between nursing students and medical students.Conclusions Study results highlight the urgent need to implement an inter-disciplinary approach to increasing dementia education among Chinese medical and nursing students, and ensuring that students have adequate knowledge, attitudes and experience in the care of people with dementia.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of post-vaccination anti-HBs titer and knowledge of hepatitis B infection amongst medical students in a metropolitan city

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashmaki A. Acchammachary ◽  
Milind Ubale ◽  
Deepali D. Belurkar ◽  
Poorva P. Bhave ◽  
Aniruddha Arjun Malgaonkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Informed Consent

Background: Medical students are at risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus infection due to occupational contact with patients’ blood or other body fluids. This study was conducted to determine knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection and anti-HBS antibody titer amongst medical students.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on medical students who satisfied the intake criteria and gave written informed consent to participate in the study. After Institutional Ethics Committee clearance, written informed consent was obtained and a structured, pre-validated questionnaire (pre-test) was administered to the participants. After an educational session, an identical questionnaire was administered (post-test). For determining anti-HBs titer (vaccinated participants) and HBsAg (non-vaccinated participants), blood was aseptically collected by cubital venepuncture. HBsAg and anti-HBs antibody levels were determined by immuno-chromatographic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.Results: 140 healthy, HBsAg-negative medical students (79 males; 61 females) participated in the present study. There was increased median correct response in the post-test with increased minimum and first quartile. 91 (65%) who were vaccinated against Hepatitis B were enrolled for anti-HBs titer estimation. There was no significant gender difference in mean antibody titer. 19 (20.9%) had inadequate levels of anti-HBS antibodies. 50% seroconversion was seen after single dose of hepatitis B vaccine.Conclusions: It is essential to delve into the logistic aspects of evaluating all medical students for hepatitis B infection, procuring and offering free vaccination and assessing anti-HBS titer of vaccinated individuals.

scholarly journals Do the undergraduate medical students perceive stress and what are the stressors?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 877
Author(s):  
Kevin A. John ◽  
Poonam R. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Medical students have been reported to suffer from higher perceived stress compared to general population and students in the other academic fields. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of stress and to identify the potential stressors among undergraduate medical students using perceived stress scale (PSS).Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 301 undergraduate medical students at a private medical college in Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. The extent of the stress was assessed using PSS-10 and a questionnaire was used to identify the potential academic, psychosocial and environmental stressors.Results: The mean PSS score was found to be 26.34±3 in this study. Moderate stress was observed in 68% of the study participants. The PSS score was higher among the 2nd year MBBS students. Stress was observed more among female medical students (74%). Inadequate study leave (92.4%), vastness of academic curriculum (84.1%), poor quality of food in mess or home (70.4%), accommodation away from home (60.1%) and high parental expectations (48.5%) were found to be the potential stressors in this study.Conclusions: The study results thereby highlight the need to plan tailored interventions to address the various stressors and prevent stress among the medical students. 

scholarly journals An interventional study on sleep hygiene among medical students

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Subhaprada S. ◽  
Vijayakumari S. ◽  
Rajasekhar T. ◽  
Venkateswarlu U.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

Background: Sleep deprivation, a common problem among undergraduate students, leads to daytime sleepiness and poor academic performance. The purpose of this study is to describe sleep hygiene among medical students and to measure effect of sleep hygiene educational intervention.Methods: An interventional cross-sectional study was carried out from September to October, 2015 among II MBBS students, Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India. Excessive daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale. Predesigned questionnaire was administered as pretest followed by health educational intervention session to 100 subjects selected by simple random sampling, and a post test two weeks later. Data entered in MS Excel 2007, was analyzed using IBM SPSS 20. Difference in means tested by paired t test and Chisquare test was used to test association between variables, with p value <0.05 considered significant.Results: 100 study subjects, 48 of 7 semester and 52 of 5 semester, had a mean (+SD) age in years, 20.2±0.58 and19.71±0.61 respectively. 57% were females. A statistically significant association between daytime sleepiness prevalence by semester was found. (Pretest X2 = 7.83, post test X2 = 7.19, p value <0.01). Weekend sleep schedules showed 2 hours increase than weekdays, in 40% (5 semester) and 30% (7 semester). 20% of study subjects had Epworth score 10-24, so expert medical advice is needed. A statistically significant difference was observed in sleep hygiene post intervention (t=2.010, p= 0.05).Conclusions: Daytime sleepiness was the most common problem encountered in this study. Sleep hygiene education promotes healthy sleeping habits.

scholarly journals A comparative study of dementia knowledge, attitudes and perception of  care approach among Chinese nursing and medical students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Lily Dongxia Xiao ◽  
Rong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Care Approach

Abstract Background Dementia care requires inter-disciplinary collaboration starting from formal health professional education. Yet, little is known about how undergraduate medical and nursing students perceive dementia care in China. The aim of this study was to investigate undergraduate medical and nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes and care approach of dementia in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Students enrolled in a 5-year Bachelor of Medicine Program and a 4-year Bachelor of Nursing Program from four universities with campuses across Eastern, Western, Southern and Northern China were recruited into the study. Three validated instruments, Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (AKDS), Dementia Care Attitude Scale (DCAS) and Approach to Advanced Dementia Care Questionnaire (ADCQ), were used to measure students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and perceived care approach. Data were collected using a self-administered survey. Results The number of medical and nursing students completing the survey was 526 and 467 respectively. The overall mean score of students’ dementia knowledge measured by the ADKS was 19.49 (SD=2.82) out of 30, students’ attitudes to dementia was 29.92(SD=3.35) out of 40, and students’ person-centred care approach of dementia was 5.42 (SD=2.20) out of 13. Students’ overall knowledge towards dementia was poor and the attitudes were generally positive. Medical students demonstrated higher dementia knowledge scores and showed less positive attitude scores than nursing students (p<0.05). Students would not apply a person-centered care approach. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of ADCQ between nursing students and medical students. Conclusions Study results highlight the urgent need to implement an inter-disciplinary approach to increasing dementia education among Chinese medical and nursing students, and ensuring that students have adequate knowledge, attitudes and experience in the care of people with dementia.

scholarly journals A comparative study of dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach among Chinese nursing and medical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Lily Dongxia Xiao ◽  
Rong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Care Approach

Abstract Background Dementia care requires inter-disciplinary collaboration starting from formal health professional education. Yet, little is known about how undergraduate medical and nursing students perceive dementia care in China. The aim of this study was to investigate undergraduate medical and nursing students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Students enrolled in a 5-year Bachelor of Medicine Program and a 4-year Bachelor of Nursing Program from four universities with campuses across Eastern, Western, Southern and Northern China were recruited into the study. Three validated instruments, Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS), Dementia Care Attitude Scale (DCAS) and Approach to Advanced Dementia Care Questionnaire (ADCQ), were used to examine students’ dementia knowledge, attitudes and perceived care approach. Data were collected using a self-administered survey. Results The number of medical and nursing students completing the survey was 526 and 467 respectively. Students’ overall knowledge about dementia was poor, but attitudes were generally positive. The overall mean score of students’ dementia knowledge examined by the ADKS was 19.49 (SD = 2.82) out of 30, students’ attitudes to dementia was 29.92(SD = 3.35) out of 40, and students’ person-centred care approach of dementia was 5.42 (SD = 2.20) out of 13. Medical students demonstrated higher dementia knowledge scores and showed less positive attitude scores than nursing students (p < 0.05). Students would not apply a person-centred care approach. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of ADCQ between nursing students and medical students. Conclusions Study results highlight the urgent need to implement an inter-disciplinary approach to increasing dementia education among Chinese medical and nursing students, and ensuring that students have adequate knowledge, attitudes and experience in the care of people with dementia.

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