scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Extract of Carpolobia Lutea Stem on Some Reproductive Parameters in Adult Male Wistar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Wasiu O. Akintunde ◽  
Abdulrahman Abdulfatai ◽  
Maruph T. Adeleke
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses

Background: The use of medicinal plants as fertility enhancer in human is now on the increase because of the shifting of attention from synthetic drug to natural plants. Carpolobia lutea (CL) is a popular aphrodisiac herbal medicine, known for curing male sterility; increasing libido; induction of penile erection; enhancement of aphrodisiac prowess; enhancement of virility and male fertility; and augmentation of male sexual functions. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the fertility enhancement ability and possible side effect(s) of CL in male rats and also to provide insight and added to the existing knowledge available in the society on the usage of CL. Methods: A total of 20 Wistar rats with average weight of 162g were randomly grouped into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) of 5 rats per group, with group A served as the control and was administered normal saline. The remaining 3 groups (B-D) were orally administered 47mg/kgbw, 94mg/kgbw and 141mg/kgbw of Carpolobia lutea (CL) respectively for 60 days before sacrifice by cervical dislocation method. Results: The results obtained show ed that the blood testosterone of the treated rats reduced significantly. The morphometric result was good with significant increase in cross sectional area and luminal diameters in rats exposed to 141mg/kgbw and germinal epithelial diameter in rats exposed to 47mg/kgbw and 141mg/kgbw. Semen parameters showed that the sperm count was significantly increased at the high doses of 94mg/kgbw and 141mg/kgbw. The percentage of motile sperm also increased significantly while the morphological grading showed no changes at all. The experimental rats testes showed no visible lesions or the lesion was very mild (20%), seminiferous tubules were normal and concentric with intact basal membrane and lumen containing matured sperm cells together with the interstitial spaces which are well delineated and defined. Conclusion: It was concluded that the consumption of CL stem in any form can enhance the normal anatomy and physiology of testes at moderate dose and may account in part for the rationale behind its use in the management of sexual dysfunction.

Effect of oral administration of carbofuran on male reproductive system of rat

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pant ◽  
AK Prasad ◽  
SC Srivastava ◽  
R. Shankar ◽  
SP Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease

1 Carbofuran was administered orally to adult male rats at dose levels of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 mg kg -1 body weight, 5 d wk-1 for 60 days. A dose dependent decrease was observed in body weight of rats treated with 0.2-0.8 mg carbofuran kg -1 body weight 2 A significant decrease in the weight of epididymides, seminal vesicles, ventral prostate and coagulating glands was observed at various test doses of carbofuran except at the lowest dose. 3 Decreased sperm motility, reduced epididymal sperm count along with increased morphological abnormali ties in head, neck and tail regions of spermatozoa were observed in rats exposed to 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg carbo furan kg-1 body weight. 4 In addition, significant alterations were observed in the activities of marker testicular enzymes viz. sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH) (decreased), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) (increased) depending on dose. 5 Histologically, the results indicated the toxicity of carbo furan on testes depending on dose. The changes pre dominantly consisted of moderate oedema, congestion, damage to Sertoli cells and germ cells, along with the accumulation of cellular debris and presence of giant cells in the lumen of a few seminiferous tubules which showed disturbed spermatogenesis with the higher doses of carbofuran. 6 These observations determined a no effect level dose of 0.1 mg kg-1 body weight of carbofuran on the biochemi cal and morphological indices studied for male repro ductive toxicity assessment in the rat model. The results of the present study provide first hand information on the reproductive toxicity of carbofuran in male rats.

scholarly journals SEMEN pH;

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
HENRY. A. MWAKYOMA ◽  
ERICK. P. MAGOROSA
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World

Background: Male infertility is a frequent reproductive health problem in the world. It is usually related to abnormal spermproduction or function and these abnormalities can occur anywhere in the production of sperm including hormonal regulation, storage andtransport of sperm. Various factors are known to be responsible for seminal fluid abnormalities. Usually the first step in evaluating for maleinfertility is semen analysis. Setting: The study was conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital mainly in the department of Pathology laboratory,cytology unit. Study design: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional type. Objective: To determine semen pH in patients presenting withinfertility complains and relate how pH of seminal fluid and other semen parameters influence each other. Material and methods: Beforesemen collection, patients were instructed to abstain from sexual intercourse for a minimum of 48 hours to 7 days and collect semen bymasturbation and transport it to the laboratory through shirt pocket. Semen was to reach the laboratory for examination in not more than onehour from time of collection. Semen was examined macroscopically for volume, colour, viscosity and pH by using a pH meter (Consort C830)followed by microscopic examination which included motility of spermatozoa and sperm count by using Neuber counting chamber. The smearwas made on glass slides, fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol for 30 minutes then stained by using Papanicolaou’s staining technique and then analyzedmicroscopically for morphological examination. Results: In the analysis of the influence of semen parameters on semen pH, there wasdecrease in seminal fluid pH with age whereby as age increased the pH of seminal fluid decreased.. The general trend observed was that thepH of seminal fluid tended to decrease with an increase in the days of abstinence. pH tended to decrease with an increase of seminal fluidvolume. The pH of seminal fluid also increased with an increase in viscosity (Hyperviscosity >Hypoviscosity). The pH of seminal fluid in patientswith less than 50% forward progressive movement of spermatozoa was higher when compared to those with more than 50% forwardprogressive movement. pH had an influence on the motility of spermatozoa. Conclusions and recommendation: pH and other parameterstended to have an influence each other during seminal analysis in our study. There is a variation of pH in different parts of the World according tothe studies done. It is recommended that pH should be included during seminal analysis because our study has shown that it affects most of theseminal fluid parameters in and contribute to the problem of infertility.

scholarly journals Semen quality pattern and age threshold: a retrospective cross-sectional study of 71,623 infertile men in China, between 2011 and 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Li ◽  
M. M. Jia ◽  
Y. Q. Peng ◽  
R. Ding ◽  
L. Q. Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Infertile Men

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to provide information on the semen quality pattern of infertile men and age thresholds for semen parameters in China. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study investigating 71,623 infertile men from the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC Xiangya in Hunan, China, from 2011 to 2017. The Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Kendall test, linear regression model and joinpoint regression were used. Results Although erratic changes were observed in the median semen parameters (sperm concentration 40.1–52.1 × 106/ml, total sperm count 117.8–153.1 × 106, sperm progressive motility 33.4–38.1%) during the 7 years of observation, no significant decrease in semen quality was found, and 47.88% of infertile men showed normal semen parameters according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, sperm progressive motility appeared to decrease earlier than the sperm concentration and total sperm count (at 28, 58, and 42 years of age, respectively). Conclusions There is no evidence of a deterioration in semen quality among infertile men in Hunan, China. Semen parameters decreased with increasing age, with turning points noted at different ages. Semen parameters are not absolute evidence for the assessment of male fertility potential. Therefore, we believe that, among semen parameters, the sperm concentration is the best predictor of fertility for ART, followed by motility. Decreased sperm motility may affect natural pregnancy, but it is not necessary for successful IVF.

Testicular toxicity of chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate pesticide) in albino rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh C Joshi ◽  
R. Mathur ◽  
N. Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
Dose Levels

Organophosphates are among the most widely used synthetic insect pesticides. The widespread use of organophosphates has stimulated research into the possible existence of effects related with their reproductive toxic activity. Present study was therefore, undertaken to assess the effects of chlorpyrifos on testes, the main organ of male reproduction. Chlorpyrifos at the dose levels of 7.5, 12.5 and 17.5 mg/kg b. wt./day was administered orally to male rats of Wistar strain for 30 days to evaluate the toxic alterations in testicular histology, biochemistry, sperm dynamics and testosterone levels. The body weight of animals did not show any significant change, however, a significant reduction was observed in testes. Chlorpyrifos also brought about marked reduction in epididymal and testicular sperm counts in exposed males and a decrease in serum testosterone concentration. Histopathological examination of testes showed mild to severe degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules at various dose levels. Fertility test showed 85% negative results. A significant reduction in the sialic acid content of testes and testicular glycogen was noticed, whereas the protein and cholesterol content was raised at significant levels. All these toxic effects are moderate at low doses and become severe at higher dose levels. From the results of the present study it is concluded that chlorpyrifos induces severe testicular damage and results in reduction in sperm count and thus affect fertility. Small changes in sperm counts are known to have adverse affects on human fertility. Therefore, application of such insecticide should be limited to a designed programme. Toxicology and Industrial Health 2007; 23: 439—444.

scholarly journals The Effect of Eurycoma longifolia on Sperm Quality of Male Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit-Lam Chan ◽  
Bin-Seng Low ◽  
Chin-Hoe Teh ◽  
Prashanta K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Plasma Testosterone Level ◽  
Etoac Fraction

The present study investigated the effects of a standardized methanol extract of E. longifolia Jack containing the major quassinoid constituents of 13α(21)-epoxyeurycomanone (1), eurycomanone (2), 13α,21-dihydroeurycomanone (3) and eurycomanol (4) on the epididymal spermatozoa profile of normal and Andrographis paniculata induced infertile rats. The standardized MeOH extract at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, the EtOAc fraction (70 mg/kg), and standardized MeOH extract at 200 mg/kg co-administered with the EtOAc fraction of A. paniculata at 70 mg/kg were each given orally to male Sprague-Dawley albino rats for 48 consecutive days. The spermatozoa count, morphology, motility, plasma testosterone level and Leydig cell count of the animals were statistically analyzed by ANOVA with a post-hoc Tukey HSD test. The results showed that the sperm count of rats given the standardized MeOH extract alone at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg were increased by 78.9, 94.3 and 99.2 %, respectively when compared with that of control (p < 0.01). The low count, poor motility and abnormal morphology of the spermatozoa induced by the A. paniculata fraction were significantly reversed by the standardized MeOH extract of E. longifolia (p < 0.001). The plasma testosterone level of the rats treated with the standardized MeOH extract at 200 mg/kg was significantly increased (p < 0.01) when compared with that of the control and infertile animals. The spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubules and the Leydig cells appeared normal. Testosterone level was significantly higher in the testes (p < 0.01) than in the plasma after 30 days of oral treatment with the standardized MeOH extract. Interestingly, eurycomanone (2) alone was detected in the rat testis homogenates by HPLC-UV and confirmed by LC/MS, and may have contributed towards the improvement of sperm quality. Thus, the plant may potentially be suitable for the management of male infertility.

Evaluation of the reproductive toxicity of naproxen sodium and meloxicam in male rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Uzun ◽  
O Atli ◽  
BO Perk ◽  
D Burukoglu ◽  
S Ilgin
Keyword(s):  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 1 ◽  
Testis Tissue

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme inhibitors have generally been used in short-term pain management and also to treat inflammation chronically. It is known that COX enzyme and prostaglandins play important roles in the regulation of reproductive functions in females. However, there are relatively few studies for the male reproductive system, and the results of these studies are contradictory. In this study, sperm count and motility, COX-1, COX-2, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) levels in testis tissue, plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels, and histopathological examination of testis tissue were evaluated after naproxen sodium and meloxicam administration in male rats. Also, testis superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured to investigate the oxidation status. According to our results, sperm count and motility were significantly decreased in treatment groups. Plasma hormone levels did not show any statistical differences between the groups. COX-1, PGE2, and PGF2α levels were significantly decreased, while the decreases in COX-2 and PGE1 levels did not show any significance statistically. Testis SOD, catalase, GPx, and GSH levels were decreased significantly. According to the results of histopathological examination, damage in seminiferous tubules, where spermatogenesis developed, was observed. In conclusion, naproxen sodium and meloxicam decreased the sperm count and motility and also induced the damage of seminiferous tubules as a direct effect without affecting plasma hormone levels in our study. The mechanism of the reproductive toxicity induced by these agents may be based on the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and the induction of oxidative stress can be emphasized as a secondary factor.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF VARICOCELE WITH OLIGOSPERMIA AND AZOSPERMIA

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307
Author(s):  
NAIK ZADA ◽  
SHAFI ULLAH KHAN ◽  
RIAZ AHMAD KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of abnormal semen parameters among patients presenting withvaricocele1METHODS:It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Urology Institute ofkidney diseases Hayat Abad Medical Complex Peshawar and Cenna hospital Saidu Sharif Swat. The studywas carried out on 139 human subjects with clinical evidence of varicocele between age range of 15-45years.The diagnosis of varicocele was based on palpable and/or visible scrotal lump of testicular veins(pampiniform plexus) and was diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination. Semen analysis was carriedout in all these patients and information wascollected on pre designed proforma.RESULTS:The study included a total of 139 patients with varicocele. The mean age of patient was 30 years(15-45) among the patients having symptoms of varicocele. The Mean ±SD for duration of varicocelesymptoms was 9.32 ± 9.70 months. 6.5% (n=9) patients were having azoospermia and 20.1% (n=28)patients had oligozoospermia.CONCLUSION: Patients with varicocele have poor seminal parameters in terms of sperm count i.e.oligozoospermia and azoospermia responsible for male factor infertility in majority ofcases.KEYWORDS:varicocele;seminal parameters;sperm count, infertility

scholarly journals Investigation the effects of varicocelectomy on sex hormones levels and semen parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 07-013
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Soheili ◽  
Mohamad Falahati
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fertility Potential ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Varicocelectomy is a type of surgery for varicocele treatment. This may recover fertility properties in males through improvement in semen parameters as well as sexual hormones. In this study, the role of varicocelectomy with focus on semen properties and sexual hormones have been assessed. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, before- after data from fifteen patients with different varicocele grade, regarding to varicocelectomy have been compared. Result: After varicocelectomy, a significant improvement in some semen parameters such as motility and concentration has been showed. However, among sexual hormones, only testosterone has been increased after surgical intervention (p=0.007). Conclusion: Based on our knowledge, varicocele treatment may almost improve fertility potential in males significantly. Accordingly, it seems that varicocelectomy has positive effect on parameters such as testosterone and serum FSH levels as well as sperm count and motility. Therefore, it could be concluded that varicocelectomy is an effective approach to improve male fertility and sexual disorders.

scholarly journals SEMEN ANALYSIS; CORNER STONE IN EVALUATING INFERTILITY

2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2224-27
Author(s):  
Aysha Khan ◽  
Zunera Shahbaz ◽  
Shagufta Yousaf ◽  
Abeera Ahmed ◽  
Fatima Sana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: To study the patterns and distribution of various abnormal semen parameters in infertile males. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Karachi, from Nov 2019 to Oct 2020. Methodology: The study included 364 patients who presented with primary and secondary infertility. Consecutive convenient sampling was done. Semen analysis was performed using World Health Organization latest guidelines. Samples were categorized as normospermia, azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenozoospermia and necrospermia. Results: The study comprised of 364 samples of infertile males. Normal sperm count was observed in 317 (87%) males, azoospermia in 28 (7.6%) and oligospermia in 19 (5.2%) males. Low ejaculated volume and higher non-motile sperms were noted in oligospermia samples in comparison with normospermia samples. Asthenozoospermia was observed in 102 (28%) and oligoasthenospermia was noted in 15 (4.1%) samples. Conclusion: Good quality semen analysis is a corner stone to diagnose the cause of male infertility.Sperm concentration and motility are the important markers of normal male reproductive system and are related to each other.

scholarly journals Effect of Thymus vulgaris leaf extract on cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigius Ibe Onoja ◽  
Chinwe Uzoma Chukwudi ◽  
Emmanuel Uchechukwu Ugwueze ◽  
Davinson Chuka Anyogu ◽  
Wilson Obidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Testicular Injury

Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd) is a known metallohormone which mimics the action of steroid hormones with adverse effect on testicular function. It is highly toxic and a prevalent environmental contaminant with no conventional antidote. This study investigates the possible ameliorative effects of Thymus vulgaris extract on testicular toxicity induced by Cd in male rats. Results The testicular and epididymal weights, serum concentration of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower in the cadmium-treated group compared to the control. Necrosis of germ cells of the seminiferous tubules was observed in the testicular tissues of the cadmium-treated group. Administration of extract showed mild but non-significant (p ≥ 0.05) protective effect on the cadmium-induced decrease in sex hormones and sperm count as well as oxidative stress and histological changes. Conclusion Thymus vulgaris leaf extract had weak ameliorative effect on cadmium-induced testicular injury in rats but with promising antioxidant activity.

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