scholarly journals Reading, library and formation politic of readers in Brazil

Author(s):  
Rovilson José da Silva

The hunger of reading in Brazil comes, historically, skirting several obstacles. One of the most frequent is the inexistence of continuous public politics and libraries, as public as from schools, which contribute to the cultural improvement, to the insertion of the population to the citizenship. The deployment trajectory of the library, public or from school, in our country reflects today in the performance of the public politics of reading delineated throughout the history of Brazil and, to the same, presents the portrait of the reader we have today and, mainly, suggests the base to the improvement of the formation politic of reader which the public school should adopt. This article, result of thesis defended in 2006 by Unesp/Marília is structured in three distinct stages: the first reports the invention of the writing-reading and its close relation with the humanity development. Then, it presents the coexistence of the Brazilian society with the book, the library and the reading since the arrival of the Portuguese people to the country in the first decades of the XX century and afterwards, to the current Brazilian programs of reading incentive and to the reader formation.

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Andréa Simoni Manarin Tunin ◽  
Fernando César Ferreira Gouvêa

This paper presents the Women Thousand Program as a policy of inclusion through education and jobs. It traces the history of public policies designed for women through the Thousand Women Program in the Brazil, and the women’s’ experiences at the Volta Redonda campus. The authors evaluate the public policies that include vulnerable women and efficiently assist them through school. Ethnographical methods were used, based on data obtained from participative observation and detailed monitoring of the daily life of the research participants. Through the lens of critical ethnography, which considers cultural, political, and economic factors, the results show a dissonance between the Thousand Women Program and the daily reality of its participants. In addition, the “salvationist” orientation of the school helps to perpetuate the exclusion of women and gender inequalities within Brazilian society.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Fernanda Motta de Paula Resende ◽  
Angelo Rodrigo Bianchini ◽  
Flávia Motta de Paula Galvão

 O presente artigo objetiva retomar as concepções freirianas de democracia nas obras Sobre Educação: Diálogos (1984); Pedagogia: diálogo e conflito (1995); A Educação na Cidade (2006) e Política e Educação (2015), a fim de destacar sua atualidade e de discutir a necessidade dessas concepções no estabelecimento dos princípios democráticos no interior da escola pública e na sociedade brasileira. Para levarmos a cabo este estudo, revisitamos a biografia e a bibliografia de Paulo Freire para selecionarmos as obras a serem estudadas e sistematizadas. Partimos, então, para a identificação das concepções sobre democracia, contidas nas obras, por meio de um estudo teórico. Esclarecemos, ainda, que este texto não apresenta uma fórmula de como agir e, tampouco, possui a pretensão de conceber a gestão democrática e humanitária, sozinha, como resposta de todos os problemas enfrentados pela escola pública hodierna. Assim, este trabalho é uma alternativa, baseada nas concepções freirianas, as quais universalizam e sociabilizam o saber sistematizado, essencial para o exercício da democracia consciente, crítica, progressista e humanitária.Palavras-chave: Democracia. Democratização. Escola Pública. Paulo Freire.The contemporaneity of freirean conceptions about democracy for the administration of the brazilian public schoolABSTRACT This article aims to retake Freire’s conceptions of democracy in works such as Sobre Educação: Diálogos (1984); Pedagogia: diálogo e conflito (1995); A Educação na Cidade (2006) and Política e Educação (2015), in order to highlight his relevance and to discuss these conceptions in the establishment of democratic principles within the public school and the Brazilian society. So that this study can be carried out, we revisit Paulo Freire’s biography and bibliography to select the works to be studied and systematized. Then, we proceed to an identification of the conceptions about democracy, contained in his works, through a theoretical study. We further clarify that this text does not present a form of action and does not intend to devise a democratic and humanitarian strategy as a response to all the problems that apply to today’s public school. Thus, this work is an alternative, based on the Freirean conceptions, which universalize and socialize the systematized, essential knowledge for the exercise of the conscious, critical, progressive and humanitarian democracy.Keywords: Democracy. Democratization. Public School. Paulo Freire.La contemporaneidad de las concepciones freirianas sobre la democracia para la escuela pública brasileñaRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo traer a la discusión las concepciones freirianas de democracia en las obras Sobre Educação: Diálogos (1984); Pedagogia: diálogo e conflito (1995); A Educação na Cidade (2006) y Política e Educação (2015), para destacar su actualidad y discutir la necesidad de esas concepciones en el establecimiento de los principios democráticos en el interior de la escuela pública y en la sociedad brasileña. Para llevar a cabo este estudio, revisamos la biografía y la bibliografía de Paulo Freire para seleccionar las obras a ser estudiadas y sistematizadas. Partimos, entonces, para la identificación de las concepciones sobre democracia, contenidas en las obras, a través de un estudio teórico. Aclaramos todavía que este texto no presenta una fórmula de cómo actuar y, tampoco, tiene la pretensión de conocer la gestión democrática y humanitaria, como única respuesta de todos los problemas enfrentados por la escuela pública actual. Así, este trabajo es una alternativa, basada en las concepciones freirianas, las cuales universalizan y sociabilizan el saber sistematizado, esencial, para el ejercicio de la democracia consciente, crítica, progresista y humanitaria.Palabras clave: Democracia. Democratización. Escuela Pública. Paulo Freire.


Roteiro ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Lilian Giacomini Cruz ◽  
Marcela De Moraes Agudo

Resumo: A educação pública não é uma invenção dos tempos modernos, mas a escola tal como a concebemos hoje – universal, laica, gratuita e obrigatória – é uma instituição recente, tendo seus princípios discutidos e/ou redefinidos inicialmente durante o período da Revolução Francesa, consolidando-se posteriormente, no final do século XIX e início do século XX, quando alguns países reorganizaram e implantaram seus sistemas nacionais de educação. A partir da noção histórica do desenvolvimento e da constituição da escola pública que temos atualmente, refletimos sobre a concepção de escola pública que compreendemos, ou seja, entendendo o significado do “público” que caracteriza a escola como tal e de que modo se desenvolveu historicamente. A escola, tal qual a conhecemos, é resultado de um acerto de contas: com o poder absolutista do Estado; com a ideologia dominante centrada na visão metafísica do mundo; e, finalmente, com a concepção da desigualdade humana como algo determinado pela natureza. Mesmo que, em diversos momentos, movimentos de resistência tenham reivindicado e reivindiquem o desenvolvimento de uma escola pública popular de fato, este enfrentamento ainda se faz necessário para a constituição de uma escola pública, laica, gratuita, de qualidade socialmente referenciada e desinteressada. Destacamos, a partir de Gramsci, a importância de um movimento intelectual e popular que difunda novas concepções de mundo capazes de desenvolver a consciência civil da população e de produzir novos comportamentos para que ela não se submeta à direção do Estado capitalista.Palavras-chave: Escola pública. Origem. Histórico. Função social.The history of the modern public school, its contemporary configuration and social functionAbstract: Public education is not an invention of modern times, but the school as we conceive it today – universal, secular, unpaid and obligatory – is a recent institution, with its principles discussed and/or redefined initially during the period of the French Revolution, consolidating later in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when some countries reorganized and implemented their national education systems. From the historical notion of the development and constitution of the public school that we currently have, we think about the conception of public school that we understand. That is, understanding the meaning of the "public" that characterizes the school as such and how it has developed historically. The school, as we know it, is the result of a settling of accounts: with the absolute power of the State; with the dominant ideology centered on the metaphysical view of the world; and finally, with the conception of human inequality as something determined by nature. Even though, at various moments, resistance movements have claimed and claim the development of a popular public school in fact, this confrontation is still necessary to create a public, secular, free, obligatory, high quality and disinterested school. From Gramsci we emphasize the importance of an intellectual movement that diffuses new world conceptions capable of raising the civil conscience of the population and producing new behaviors that not submit to the direction of the capitalist State.Keywords: Public school. Origin. Historic. Social function.El histórico de escuela pública moderna, su configuración contemporánea y función social Resumen: La educación pública no es una invención de los tiempos modernos, pero la escuela tal como la concebimos hoy – universal, laica, gratuita y obligatoria – es una institución reciente, teniendo sus principios discutidos y/o redefinidos inicialmente durante el período de la Revolución Francesa, consolidando posteriormente, a finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX cuando algunos países reorganizaron y implantaron sus sistemas nacionales de educación. A partir de la noción histórica del desarrollo y de la constitución de la escuela pública que tenemos actualmente, pensamos sobre la concepción de la escuela pública que comprendemos. Es decir, entendiendo el significado del "público" que caracteriza a la escuela como tal y de qué modo se desarrolló históricamente. La escuela, tal como la conocemos, es resultado de un acierto de cuentas: con el poder absolutista del Estado; con la ideología dominante centrada en la visión metafísica del mundo; y finalmente, con la concepción de la desigualdad humana como algo determinado por la naturaleza. Aunque en diversos momentos, movimientos de resistencia reivindicaron y reivindican el desarrollo de una escuela pública popular de hecho, este enfrentamiento aún se hace necesario para la constitución de una escuela pública, laica, gratuita, obligatoria, de alta calidad y desinteresada. Destacamos, a partir de Gramsci, la importancia de un movimiento intelectual que difunda nuevas concepciones de mundo capaces de elevar la conciencia civil de la población y de producir nuevos comportamientos para que ella no se someta a la dirección del Estado capitalista.Palabras clave: Escuela pública. Origen. Histórico. Función social.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 07-12
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Rodrigues

The theme to be developed is the way in which the history of the African continent is taught in the history curriculum of the State of São Paulo, the objective is to understand the organization of the contents and the didactic proposal existing in two materials available to students and teachers: the book of the student and the book of teacher's. Through a methodology that revisits the bibliography published in print and digital media accompanied by the theoretical analysis of the curriculum, official document that regulates this field of education throughout the public school, I try to discuss issues that involve the teaching and representation of Africa and the africans. We hope that the research contributes to the socio-cultural and humanistic developmentof the students in order to understand how to improve their perception of Africa.


2021 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Timmesha A. Butler ◽  
Shelbie Dixon-Brown ◽  
Rena′ Glass-Dixon ◽  
Jennifer McLaurin

The purpose of this chapter is to provide new school social workers with an understanding of the inequality that is rooted in public education and how it relates to their professional practices. An overview of the history of the U.S. public school system and the history of school social work is provided, focusing on the public school system’s role in the academic achievement gaps that continue to exist between marginalized populations and their peers. The school social worker’s roles as advocate and connector, facilitator, and clinician are outlined. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, and strengths-based practice theories are discussed. Evidence-based strategies and resources that can be used to address the needs of marginalized populations are explained.


Author(s):  
Arna Bontemps

This chapter examines the history of Negro achievement in education in Illinois. In January 1825 the Illinois Legislature enacted a law calling for the establishment of common schools in each county of the state. These schools were to be open and free to every class of white citizens between the ages of five and twenty-one years, but it was not until the year 1841 that Negroes were given consideration. In the city of Chicago no discrimination was shown against Negro children in the public schools until 1863, when the council passed an order establishing a separate school for colored children. The first school for Negro children was opened by Miss Rebecca Elliott, who came to Peoria from Cincinnati in 1860. In Cairo, the first public school for Negroes was started in 1853. Also during this period, several churches in Alexander County conducted daily classes that taught readin', writin' and 'rithmetic. This chapter discusses various initiatives to increase Negro access to education in Illinois.


2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Hall

This article looks at the depiction of archaeology and archaeologists in popular cinema. A number of key films are discussed to address the article's main themes of cultural appropriation and contested ground (encompassing treasure, the public, politics and gender). Archaeology in film cannot be divorced from the wider cultural contexts in which it operates and, though portrayals of archaeology and archaeologists are frequently unsatisfactory, a positive conclusion is attempted which seeks to understand the narrative drive of popular fiction and a long history of public exclusion from archaeology. Most of the films considered do not warrant labelling as great works of art, but they are part of a cultural form with perceptions to offer, able to stimulate debate within a vital framework of cultural practices by which identity – individual and social – is constructed and evolved.


2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen Herbst

Forty years ago Bernard Bailyn remarked that American historians of education had carried out their work “in a special atmosphere of professional purpose” and had made the history of the public school the focus of their investigations. Lawrence Cremin seconded that observation and added that, for all intents and purposes, the history of American education had been “the history of the public school realizing itself over time.” In the tradition of Ellwood Patterson Cubberley that self-realization of the American public school was portrayed as a progression from local roots to state-wide systems. It became synonymous with the evolution of school government from local control on the district and ward levels to direction and oversight by state administrators. For many school professionals and historians that progression meant progress. They saw it as overcoming local control which they regarded as a relic of the past denoting an endorsement of inequality, discrimination, and special privilege. It persuaded them to see the solution to the schools' problems in strengthened state and, eventually, federal control.


2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Silvana Vilodre Goellner

Este texto diz sobre a história da Educação Física e dos esportes.Mais particularmente, sobre as práticas corporais e esportivas e a visibilidade do corpo Feminino no espaço público do início deste século; algumas modificações políticas, econômicas e culturais éa sociedade brasileira deste tempo, cujas conseqüências, ao mesmo tempo que possibilitam a exibição do corpo feminino promovem, também, estratégias para seu ocultamente Através de uma abordagem histórica, o texto busca mostrar a primeira iniciativa de participação das mulheres na prática de atividades esportivas e como, gradativamente, essa prática foi-se ampliando e modificando. This text is about the history of Physical Education and sports. More specifically, it refers to the corporal and sportive practices, as well as to the visibility of the feminine body in the public space at the beginning of this century. It discloses some political, economical and cultural modifications in the Brazilian society at that period, which had the consequence of making permissible the exhibition of the feminine body, while, at the same time, promoting strategies for its hiding. Under an historical research, this text intent to show the first initiative of women to participate in the practice of sports and how this practice began gradually to grow and change


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