scholarly journals Actors and dynamics of a policy transfer network

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-554
Author(s):  
Iris de Mel de Trindade Dias ◽  
Isabel Maria Estrada Carvalhais
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Transfer Case ◽  
Status Seeking ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Based on the discussions of Role Theory and policy transfer, this paper analyzes how the transfer of food and nutritional security policies to the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries relates to Brazil´s performance as a “developer”. We demonstrate how a transnational policy transfer network congregating several cooperation modalities was constructed as a status-seeking strategy grounded on projecting domestic policies. Therefore, the policy transfer case study, was carried out, through interviews and document analysis, in order to observing the cooperative dynamic by mapping the effects that the contacts established between several actors had in the long term. The temporal scope of the analysis begins with the arrival of Lula da Silva to the Presidency in 2003, and extends until the II Extraordinary Meeting of the CPLP Council of Food and Nutritional Security, in June 2017. For conducting an operational analysis, social participation and inter-sectorial work were selected as representatives of the conceptual framework related to the Human Right to Adequate Food, since they are two central ideas for the policies that are the object of experience-sharing in South-South cooperation on food and nutritional security.

scholarly journals SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19: IMPACTOS NA ÁFRICA, AMÉRICA LATINA E PORTUGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 100-117
Author(s):  
Maitu Abibo Buanango ◽  
Lilian Fernanda Galesi-Pacheco ◽  
Yudi Paulina Garcia Ramirez ◽  
Cristina Amaro da Costa ◽  
Jaqueline Sgarbi Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Right ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
The Impact

Economic and sanitary crises have great repercussions on access to food and the health of the population. In this context, austerity policies can have devastating effects on social rights. The purpose of this essay is to reflect on the impact of various types of crises on the Human Right to Adequate Food and Nutrition (DHANA) and on Food and Nutritional Security (SAN) of vulnerable populations and to identify of public policies, programs and actions developed based on the relief of the damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. From the collection of information carried out in a non-systematic way on government websites and scientific databases, documents were read in full, categorized, and critically analyzed. Three different contexts, Africa, Latin America, and Portugal, are presented by the authors who work in these realities, with the intention of contributing to mitigate the food problems that worsen and are derived from the pandemic situation.

scholarly journals Do transgenic food fulfill the obligations of respecting food security and nutritional concept in a developing country?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Elaine Gomes Fiore ◽  
Cristiane Tavares Matias ◽  
Fabiane Alessandra Bee ◽  
Mariangela Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Transgenic Food

This study seeks to identify if this developing country fulfills the obligations of respecting the Food and Nutritional Security when producing and commercializing transgenic foods. A bibliographic research was carried. The objective was to respond to the fulfillment of Food and Nutrition Security and the use of transgenics, based on the concept of Food and Nutritional Security, its interface with the Human Right to Adequate Food and the food and nutritional dimensions of the theme. Regarding the environment, the technology of transgenics, when used in a massive way for protection against insects and weeds, is not always safe. The use of certain herbicides, linked to production control, can also be deleterious. Epidemiological studies on the nutritional advantages are insufficient and the possibility of allergenicity exists, if the protocols for seed release are not considered. Lack of enforcement in these protocols and in labeling threaten Food Safety, since the population is vulnerable to the consumption of foods whose origin are not well known. Even with the transgenic food, a bigger amount of food is not available for everybody.  The importance of food and nutritional education is emphasized in this study. Since the concept of Food and Nutritional Security is indivisible, we come to the conclusion that Food and Nutritional Security in a developing country is not fulfilled.

Food security from a water perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-258
Author(s):  
Shima Kheirinejad ◽  
Omid Bozorg-Haddad ◽  
Vijay P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Member States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Abstract Access to enough food to eliminate hunger is a fundamental right of society. Lack of food is an obstacle to social, political, economic, and cultural development of society. Investment in agriculture, support of education, and health development in the community can lead to food security. Water is fundamental to agriculture and hence to food and nutritional security. Water is also vital for plants and livestock. Agriculture has the largest share of water consumption, accounting for about 70% of all freshwater earmarked for human use, and good quality water is needed for production of a wide variety of non-food products, such as cotton, rubber, and industrial oils. In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirmed everyone's right to adequate food. However, accessing adequate food in rural areas in many developing countries depends on access to natural resources, including water. On 28 July 2010, the UN General Assembly declared access to clean drinking water and sanitation as a human right. Significant changes in policy and management across the entire agricultural production chain are necessary to ensure the best use of available water resources to meet the growing need for food and other agricultural products. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) works with countries around the world to improve food security. It has been assisting member states in cooperation with public and private financial institutions since 1964, and has implemented numerous programs to invest in agriculture and rural development. In recent years, emergency aid to meet the urgent needs of people in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) member states has been provided through these programs in times of crises, such as earthquakes, floods, droughts, and avian influenza.

scholarly journals O MERCADO MUNICIPAL DE ARAGUAÍNA/TO COMO PROPULSOR DE ALIMENTOS DO CERRADO

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-65
Author(s):  
Osmar Oliveira de Moura ◽  
Ana Caroline Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Silvania Reis de Araújo ◽  
Maurício Ferreira Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Public Place ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a importância do Mercado Municipal de Araguaína/TO como propulsor de alimentos do cerrado, gerando segurança alimentar e nutricional aos feirantes e aos consumidores, visto que acontece primeiramente o autoconsumo e posteriormente a comercialização, garantindo renda e sustento às famílias. O delineamento utilizado foi o estudo de caso. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados junto aos feirantes do Mercado Municipal, no período de setembro à novembro de 2019, além de levantamento de material bibliográfico e registro fotográfico. Os resultados mostram que houveram diversos conflitos entre feirantes e comerciantes para posterior implementação pelo poder público do Mercado Municipal de Araguaína, o que aconteceu em 1978, garantindo assim, inclusão social e renda, fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva dos frutos do cerrado, além da promoção da segurança alimentar entre feirantes e consumidores locais. Porém, esses alimentos estão ameaçados com o avanço da soja e pecuária sobre o bioma cerrado, comprometendo a diversidade de produtos ofertados pelos feirantes do Mercado Municipal em Araguaína. Palavras-chave: Espaço público. Mercado municipal. Araguaína.   THE MUNICIPAL MARKET OF ARAGUAÍNA/TO AS A FOOD DRIVER IN THE CERRADO ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the importance of the Municipal Market of Araguaína/TO as a propellant of food in the cerrado, generating food and nutritional security for marketers and consumers, since self-consumption and then commercialization take place, guaranteeing income and sustenance for the families. The design used was the case study. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to market vendors in the Municipal Market, from September to November 2019, in addition to a survey of bibliographic material and photographic record. The results show that there were several conflicts between marketers and traders for subsequent implementation by the public authorities of the Araguaína Municipal Market, which happened in 1978, thus guaranteeing social inclusion and income, strengthening the productive chain of cerrado fruits, in addition to promoting food security between marketers and local consumers. However, these foods are threatened by the advance of soy and livestock over the cerrado biome, compromising the diversity of products offered by market vendors in the Municipal Market in Araguaína.  Keywords: Public place. Municipal market. Araguaína.    EL MERCADO MUNICIPAL DE ARAGUAÍNA/TO COMO CONDUCTOR DE ALIMENTOS EN EL CERRADO RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la importancia del Mercado Municipal de Araguaína/TO como propulsor de alimentos en el cerrado, generando seguridad alimentaria y nutricional para comercializadores y consumidores, ya que se produce el autoconsumo y luego la comercialización, garantizando ingresos y sustento para las familias de la familia. El diseño utilizado fue el estudio de caso. Se aplicaron cuestionarios semiestructurados a vendedores de mercado en el Mercado Municipal, de septiembre a noviembre de 2019, además de una encuesta de material bibliográfico y registro fotográfico. Los resultados muestran que hubo varios conflictos entre comercializadores y comerciantes para la posterior implementación por parte de las autoridades públicas del Mercado Municipal de Araguaína, que ocurrió en 1978, garantizando así la inclusión social y los ingresos, fortaleciendo la cadena productiva de frutos cerrados, además de promover seguridad alimentaria entre comercializadores y consumidores locales. Sin embargo, estos alimentos están amenazados por el avance de la soya y el ganado sobre el bioma cerrado, lo que compromete la diversidad de productos ofrecidos por los vendedores en el Mercado Municipal de Araguaína.  Palabras-clave: Espacio público. Mercado municipal. Araguaína.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Resilience of Vulnerable Communities: Results from a Quasi-experimental Impact Evaluation in Coastal Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Béné ◽  
Mahfuzul A. B. M. Haque
Keyword(s):  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAt present, no clear consensus exists on how to assess resilience interventions in the field. In this paper we propose to measure the impact of the ECOFISH project, the objective of which was to strengthen the resilience of local fishing communities affected by recurrent crises in Bangladesh. The evaluation was based on a difference-in-difference (DiD) framework. The DiD analysis indicates that households who benefited from ECOFISH have a higher propensity to adopt positive responses than non-beneficiaries when hit by a shock. Those beneficiaries also report a statistically higher recovery rate (resilience). The analysis indicates however that the project did not manage to reduce the propensity of households to engage in detrimental coping strategies and that the long-term food and nutritional security of the beneficiaries has not yet visibly improved compared to the control group. Those different results are discussed in the light of the wider literature on resilience evaluation.

The Challenge of Food and Nutritional Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 230-248
Author(s):  
Sarah McKune
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

In a region characterized by chronic food insecurity and extremely high rates of malnutrition, the projected impact of global climate change on nutritional outcomes is likely to have synergistic effects, compounding the already poor nutritional status of the Sahelian population. Various studies of nutrition among children under five underscore the significant role that animal-source foods play in long-term childhood development and growth. Given the intimate relationship between livestock and people throughout the Sahel, these findings hold important implications for nutritional security in the region. This chapter examines the food security and consumption patterns of the Sahel, mechanisms by which climate change may exacerbate the current situation, and the role of livestock in the future nutrition and food security of the Sahel.

scholarly journals Is it Rape or a “Disgraceful Act?” Transformative Justice as an Alternative Approach of Addressing Sexual Violence in Egypt’s Civil Spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Summer) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Samaa Elturkey
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Presidential Candidate ◽  
Structural Form ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Transformative Justice ◽  
Alternative Approach

The efforts of ending sexual violence as a structural form of violence in work and civil spaces are one of the centre points of feminist attention. While many feminist groups develop different tools to investigate and punish sexual violence incidents, Transformative Justice emerges as a methodology that addresses the root causes of sexual violence and sets long-term plans to end it rather than short-term intervention. This essay engages with Transformative Justice literatures, displaying what they can offer away from coercion and carceral approaches. Within this framework, I look at a case study from Egypt that took place at the end of 2017, where a presidential candidate was accused of harassment and a prominent human right lawyer of rape. Through the reading of the case, I draw attempts to point out how transformative justice would have managed the case differently. With this reading, I am touching upon the feminist tensions that manifested and looking into transformative justice narratives that would be of benefit to conceptualize and approach these tensions differently.

scholarly journals POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO E A SOCIEDADE CIVIL ORGANIZADA NO ENFRENTAMENTO DOS IMPACTOS DA COVID-19 SOBRE OS SISTEMAS ALIMENTARES: O CASO DO PLANSAN-SP

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 158-183
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Machado Moreira ◽  
Karina Rúbia Nunes ◽  
José Giacomo Baccarin ◽  
Beatriz Stamato
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security

The article presents probable impacts from COVID-19 on 5 components of the food system: social organizations; markets; science and technology; nature (biophysical environment); and public policies. It investigates which proposals contained in the State Plan for Food and Nutritional Security of the State of São Paulo (PLANSAN-SP) can respond to these impacts, mitigating them. The impacts of COVID-19 on food systems are broad and profound, considering the different realities raised by bibliographic research. These impacts directly affect the food consumption of the population from the quarantine dynamics adopted worldwide, in various forms, with negative effects on access and availability of food in the short, medium and long terms. PLANSAN-SP contains several proposals to guarantee the Human Right to Adequate Food (DHAA) and to stimulate Food Sovereignty and Food Nutrition and Security (SAN). The article considers that the dialogue between the organized civil society and the public power is fundamental for the construction of proposals adjusted to a diversity of challenges and realities present in the State of São Paulo. It considers also that PLANSAN-SP, if implemented and monitored could respond positively to the impacts of COVID -19 in the São Paulo food system.

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