Factors Predisposing to Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahira Wasim ◽  
Imran Ghayoor ◽  
Munira Shakir ◽  
Ronak Afza ◽  
Waqas Ali
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intraocular Surgery ◽  
Lattice Degeneration

Purpose:  To find out the factors predisposing to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Study Design:  Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study:  Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from October 2017 to April 2018. Methods:  After approval from ethical review committee 117 patients presenting with Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) were included in the study. A detailed history was taken including previous surgery and trauma. Complete ocular examination was performed including dilated fundus examination. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Mean and standard deviation were computed for quantitative variable i.e. age and frequency. Percentages were calculated for qualitative variables i.e. gender, eye involved, lattice degeneration, trauma and intraocular surgery. Stratification was done with regards to age, gender, eye involved to see the effect of these modifiers on individual factor (lattice degeneration, trauma, intraocular surgery) by using chi square test and considering p value ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results:  There were 117 patients including 91 males and 26 females. Sixty four were right eyes and fifty three were left eyes. Mean age was 37.30 ± 8.97 years. Lattice Degeneration was observed in 29.1% patents, Trauma was 37.6% and intraocular surgery was observed in 33.3% patients. There was a significant association of age with trauma (p = 0.045) and intraocular surgery (p = 0.001), which had statistically significant association with RRD. Conclusion:  Intraocular surgery, trauma were significantly associated with age and RRD. However, although lattice degeneration is an established risk factors for Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment it was not associated with increased age. Key Words:  Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment, Lattice Degeneration, Trauma, Intraocular Surgery.

Causes of Epilepsy in Elderly Patients Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Keywords Epilepsy ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Epilepsy is fairly a frequent occurrence in the elderly. It is commonly diagnosed after the episode of two or more unprovoked seizures. Unprovoked seizures in elderly are recurrent rather than younger individuals. This study was designed to estimate the concrete burden of frequent causes of epilepsy. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a total of 153 patients diagnosed case of epilepsy were included in this study at Jinnah Medical College Hospital from February 2018-August 2018. Mean was calculated for age, duration of disease of the patients. Causes of epilepsy, gender, and education was calculated and presented as percentages. Electrolyte readings were taken i.e., Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium levels and imaging was planned to rule out stroke, primary neurodegenerative disorders and tumors. Post stratification Chi square test was applied and p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.91±5.68 years and mean duration of the disease was 4.61± 1.07 months. The common causes of epilepsy were found to be cerebrovascular disease 56.9%, cryptogenic 54.2%, neurodegenerative disorder 20.3%, traumatic head injury 11.8%, metabolic abnormalities or electrolyte disturbances 10.5% and brain tumor 7.8%. Conclusion: Elderly patients with first seizure should present to a facility designed in a way that neurologist, cardiologist, rehabilitation and geriatrics work together to identify and treat the condition in a better way. Keywords: Epilepsy; Seizures; Cerebrovascular Disease; Neurodegenerative Disorder.

scholarly journals Transport Factors Affecting the Outcome of Referred Neonates Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhabi Baidya ◽  
Mahfuza Shirin ◽  
Liton Chandra Saha
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Transport ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Adequate neonatal transport is a key component of care of the sick newborns who require referral to tertiary care center. Poor transportation is one of the iatrogenic factors associated with greater neonatal mortality. Neonatal transport is the greatest challenge faced today in our country. The purpose of this study was to find out characteristics of transport of referred neonates and to idention the factors that contribute to mortality.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from June 2013 to November 2013. Both term and preterm neonates who were referred within first seven days of life were included and those with gross congenital abnormalities and left against medical advice were excluded from the study. After enrollment, data were collected using a structured questionnaire including birth details, interventions before transportation, reasons for referral, and details of transportation. Outcome & duration of hospital stay were also recorded. Neonates who were expired considered as group I and who were survived considered as group II. The study variables were analyzed for their association with immediate outcome by applying chi square test and t test. P value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: This study found that out of 332 neonates 181 were expired with 54.5% mortality rate. One eighty one neonates who were expired, considered as group I and one fifty one neonate were survived, considered as group II. The mortality was significantly high in male neonates [RR 0.80 (0.66-0.97)] and neonates those delivered at home [RR 1.34(1.10-1.64)] (p<0.05). Perinatal asphyxia, pre-term low birth weight, neonatal sepsis were the main causes of referral. It was found that transportation without any referral note [RR 1.40 (1.14- 1.71)], no advice regarding maintenance of airway[RR 1.50(1.17- 1.92)]and keeping warm [RR 1.51(1.17-1.950], resuscitation on admission [RR 1.63(1.23-2.17)] and transportation required > 3hours [RR 1.36(1.09-1.69)] were associated with significantly higher mortality among referred transported neonates(p<0.05).Conclusions: This study found that male neonates, home delivery, transportation without any referral note, no advice regarding maintenance of airway and keeping warm, resuscitation needed on admission and prolonged transportation time were significantly associated with mortality of referred transported neonates.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (3) :159-164

scholarly journals MATERNAL SEPSIS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fehmida Parveen Memon ◽  
Majida Khan ◽  
Samya Aijaz
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Maternal Sepsis

Objectives: To determine the thrombocytopenia as marker of maternal sepsis and its related maternal morbidity and mortality at tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Gynaecological and Obstetrical department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Period: 6 months from March 2017 to August 2017. Material and Methods: All the pregnant females with diagnosis of sepsis were enrolled in the study. All the females with chronic hepatitis were excluded. After complete clinical examination every women underwent 5cc blood sample for complete blood picture. Thrombocytopenia was characterized as a platelet count below 150.000/mm3. Data regarding maternal mortality and maternal complications was filled in the proforma. Results: Total 120 septic mothers were included in the study, 70 patients had thrombocytopenia and 50 were with normal platelets. Most of the women 71.7% were with age groups of 20-30 years. Out of total women 65.0% were un-booked. According to the maternal morbidity, septic shock was most common 36.7%, multi-organ failure was in 08.3%, prolonged Hospital stay was in 16.7%, ICU admission occurred in 18.3% patients, while renal failure, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, coagulopathy and metabolic acidosis were found with percentage of 09.2%, 02.5%, 10.8%, 10.8% and 03.3% respectively. Mortality rate was found among 8.3% out of total cases. Almost all complications were higher among women with thrombocytopenia as compare to women with normal platelets level, while statistically p-value was quite insignificant. Mortality was significantly high among patients with thrombocytopenia p-value 0.032. Conclusion: It was concluded that thrombocytopenia is a good marker for adverse outcome among septic mothers. Maternal morbidity and mortality was higher among septic women with thrombocytopenia.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SPIROMETRY PARAMETERS IN HEALTHY YOUNG AND ELDERLY ADULTS POPULATION IN PUNJAB, INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ajay Pal Singh ◽  
Kailash Meena ◽  
Surinder Pal Singh ◽  
Avnish Kumar ◽  
Ashish Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pulmonary Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

INTRODUCTION: Spirometry is a vital tool for the assessment of pulmonary function status. Spirometry can be used to demonstrate the age-related decline in pulmonary function. The spirometry values can be used as reference values for a particular age group. The aims of our study was to compare spirometry values between the young and elderly groups and evaluate age-related changes in both groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 adults, which divided into two healthy groups: one was of young adults (18-35 years), and other was of elderly adults (>60 years) of 300 persons, each taken over a period of one year, in the Department of pulmonary medicine, a tertiary care hospital, Punjab. We conducted spirometry in both age group. Spirometry values were measured FVC, FEV1, FVC/FEV1, PEFR, and FEF25- 75 % of each groups.The subjects were selected based on random sampling RESULT: Spirometry values compared between young and elderly adults. Mean BMI in young and elderly groups was 25.09±2.87 and 25.82±2.45, respectively. Spirometry values in FVC , FEV1, FEV1/FVC , PEFR and FEF25-75% in young was 4.31± 0.18 , 3.84,± 0.88± 0.02, 9.87± 0.38 and 3.75 ±0.26 and elderly age group 3.01±, 2.60 ±0.85± 0.02, 7.70± 0.30 and 2.82 ± 0.26. On statistical analysis, p value <0.001 in all spirometry parameters. CONCLUSION: The study shows that there was a decline in spirometry parameters of healthy adults with the increase in age. This decline was signicant in all spirometric parameters (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF25–75%) measured in the present study

Increased frequency of fibromyalgia among patients with chronic pain presenting to internal medicine clinics of a tertiary care hospital: a cross sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Javed ◽  
Muhammad Zaid ◽  
Sumera Imran ◽  
Ayesha Hai ◽  
Muhammad Junaid Patel
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Language ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Objective: To estimate the frequency of patients with fibromyalgia (by using the 2010 Modified Criteria for Fibromyalgia by American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) presenting to Internal Medicine clinics  Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Internal Medicine, the Indus Hospital, khi, Pakistan between December 2016 and March 2018. Patients who visited internal medicine clinics, met the selection criteria, were included in the study. After taking informed consent patients were assessed for fibromyalgia according to the new 2010 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic criteria questionnaire. The patients were asked the questions in the national language, Urdu. Data analyzed using SPSS version 21. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 267 patients presenting to the internal medicine clinics and consenting for participating in the study 149 (55.80%) met at least one of the 2010 Fibromyalgia Criteria. The prevalence of fibromyalgia as estimated in this study was 56% with no difference in gender. Mean age of patients with fibromyalgia was 42.3 ± 14.6 and patients without fibromyalgia was 38.9 ± 13.7 which was statistically significant (p-value = 0.05, 10% level of significance). Of the 267 patient 197 (73.8%) were female and 70 (26.2%) were males, a male to female ratio of 1:2.81.  Conclusion: All patients with generalized pain should be evaluated for fibromyalgia and a diagnosis made to reduce the cost of further referrals and investigations and delay in the management of this debilitating disorder. Keywords: Fibromyalgia, Chronic fatigue, Generalized Pain  

scholarly journals A study of thyroid profile in cases of primary infertility attending a tertiary care hospital of south India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2180
Author(s):  
Anitha Nirakari B.
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility is a rising major problem affecting more than 50 million couples globally every year. Endocrine as well as immune system abnormalities can impair the fertility. Most of the studies globally indicated association of infertility with multiple factors like stress, luteal phase defects, structural and functional reproductive disturbances. Many infertile women with thyroid dysfunction had associated hyperprolactinemia with increases TSH in ovulatory dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of hypo and hyperthyroidism with infertility among cases of primary infertility in women.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the patients attending the infertility clinic for the first time. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee and the study was carried as per the guidelines of the ethical committee. The serum levels of T3, T4 and TSH were estimated and Prolactin in cases where necessary by Chemiluminiscence immunoassay. The data was analyzed by using the unpaired “t” test. A ‘p’ value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: 285 cases were enrolled and majority (38.6%) was in 31-34 age groups with mean age of 24.2± 1.6 years. 30.53% were found with thyroid dysfunction. Majority (16.49%) were found with subclinical hypothyroid, followed in order by primary hypothyroid (9.82%), subclinical hyperthyroid (2.11%), primary hyperthyroid (1.05%), secondary hypothyroid (0.70%) and secondary hyperthyroid (0.35%).Conclusions: To conclude, thyroid dysfunction is a common cause of infertility and can be easily managed by correcting the levels of thyroid hormones. Present study suggests that thyroid replacement therapy in subclinical hypothyroidism at an early stage is justified in infertile women. Borderline variations in TSH levels should not be ignored in infertile women who are otherwise asymptomatic for subclinical hypothyroidism. Hence for better management of cases of primary infertility studies with large sample size and long term follow up are required to validate and justify the variation in TSH and prolactin levels.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Lockdown Period: Perception of Doctors regarding Telemedicine Use for General Practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumitha Arumugam ◽  
Dhanasekaran Ramadoss ◽  
Parthiban Brindhadevi ◽  
Subbalakshmi Easwaran ◽  
Shanthi Santhosh Kumari
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Practice

Introduction: During this COVID-19 lockdown period, telemedicine is widely being used by doctors for continuing clinical care of patients so that physical distancing can be maintained and the risk of contracting the virus can be avoided. Aim: To assess perception of doctors regarding quality of healthcare by telemedicine as compared to traditional face to face consultation and, to assess the opinion of doctors on whether telemedicine could be an option for future practice after lockdown period. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted in which perception of doctors regarding their telemedicine usage for general practice during this lockdown period has been evaluated. The study was done during April to June 2020 among doctors working in a medical college attached to a tertiary care hospital in Chennai and using telemedicine for their practice during COVID-19 lockdown period. After collection of responses, data obtained were entered in excel sheet and analysed using SPSS version 23.0. Chi-square test was used to assess the association between different variables associated with perception regarding telemedicine usage for general practice. A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Easy access to healthcare services can be done with telemedicine practice according to 73.7% of doctors. Nearly 60.6% of doctors like to continue telemedicine for their practice even after COVID lockdown period. Conclusion: Telemedicine has helped doctors for continuing patient care during COVID-19 pandemic, but the quality of care delivered by telemedicine consultation was not good as compared to the quality of traditional healthcare. Telemedicine could be an option for future practice of doctors if awareness regarding proper usage of telemedicine is created among patients and if guidelines regarding legal concerns in telemedicine are properly framed.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE OF DENTAL PROFESSIONALS REGARDING TOOTH RESTORABILITY AT A PUBLIC SECTOR TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF KARACHI, PAKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Shaikh ◽  
Afifa Yaseen ◽  
Amna Yaseen ◽  
Subhana Akber
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Dental Professionals

Background: Panoptic knowledge of dental professionals is required to provide care for patients with any dental problem which ranges from screening, emergency care or referral to alleviation of pain symptoms. Ideally to provide dental care, dental practice should be based on current clinical concepts originating from evidence-based dentistry which clearly demarcates a level between a tooth that is able to be restored so that intervention is done on it for esthetic and functional stability, or ready for extraction. Dental professionals' knowledge regarding tooth restorability is very crucial in restorative and preventive dentistry. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of dental professionals regarding tooth restorability. Methods: Knowledge regarding tooth restorability of dental professionals of Dow University of Health Sciences was assessed through a multi centered cross sectional study. A sample size of 140 participants was calculated using through open Epi version 3, and a convenient non-probability sampling technique was used. The study was conducted in May-June, 2018. An informed consent prior to the study was taken. The dental professionals were evaluated through a self- administered, structured questionnaire in English. The SPSS-23 was used to obtain results. The knowledge of the students was graded as adequate if >12 and inadequate if<12. Results: Out of 140 study participants, 113 (81%) dental professionals had significantly adequate knowledge (p-value <0.05); while 27 (19%) had inadequate knowledge. Among the respondents, 56% said that the traumatic dental injury must be treated by dentist whereas the others considered it to be treated by private doctor or by nearest hospital casualty. Conclusion: The knowledge of dental professionals working at teaching institutes is adequate; and as per their knowledge they might be taking right decisions regarding tooth restorability.

scholarly journals Frequency of infantile colic in neonates presenting At Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2357-2362
Author(s):  
Anwar Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Asghar Ali ◽  
Ali Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Hospital Study

Objectives: To determine the frequency of infantile colic in neonates presenting at tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Neonatology, Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: From January 2018 to August 2018. Material & Methods: Total 467 neonates either male or female were selected for this study. Total 467 neonates with complaints of crying and fussing either male or female were selected for this study and infantile colic was assessed in selected neonates by using Wessel criteria. Results: Total 467 neonates were selected for this study.  Mean age of the neonates was 24.94 ± 2.39 months, mean gestational age and mean weight was 39.42 ± 1.22 weeks and 3.27 ± 0.62g respectively.   Infantile colic was found in 322 (69%) neonates.  Infantile colic was found in 61 (33.33%) neonates, 136 (94.44%) neonates, 75 (87.21%) neonates and 50 (92.59%) neonates respectively.  Statistically significant association between infantile colic and type of feeding with p value 0.000.  Infantile colic was found in 147 (84.97%), 95 (67.86), 62 (49.21%) and 18 (64.29%) neonates respectively in 37 weeks, 38 weeks, 39 weeks and 40 weeks gestational age group.  Statistically insignificant association between infantile colic and gestational age was noted with p value 0.000. Conclusion: Results of present study showed higher rate of colic in infants.  Development of colic was highly associated with gestational age, birth weight and type of feeding.  There is no effective medical treatment (like anti-colic and herbal drugs) but alternative measures may relieve or prevent further colic attacks.

scholarly journals Study of knowledge attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Durg district of Chhattisgarh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4880
Author(s):  
Mohd Junaid ◽  
Swapnil Shinkar ◽  
Amol Patil
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Income Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Poor knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) patterns among patients might reflect the danger of possible high transmission of COVID-19 and the need for awareness campaigns. The need of the hour is to gauge the knowledge, awareness and practices of the people to help prevent the further outbreak of COVID-19.Methods: Questionnaire based cross sectional study was done for a period of 7 days to access the knowledge attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Durg, Chhattisgarh.Results: A total of 288 people participated in the study, majority of respondents were males 53% mean age was 39±15.9 years. Overall, 80.4% of the participants had good knowledge, 68.6% of the participants had a positive attitude, 83.8% of the participants were following good practices. Gender and income influenced knowledge scores, being significantly higher in males and higher income individuals (p value <0.05) while attitude and practices scores had no significant association with gender and income group (p value >0.05).Conclusions: Though the population demonstrated decent knowledge, appropriate practice, and positive attitude towards COVID-19 at the time of outbreak there is still need of on-going health education and awareness campaigns and need of policies and intervention that are more person centred. 

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