ISU DAN PEMBAHARUAN PENGELOLAAN SISTEM IRIGASI Review and Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusmi Nelvi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Government

Pengelolaan irigasi adalah salah satu faktor pendukung utama bagi keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian terutama dalam rangka peningkatan serta perluasan tujuan pembangunan pertanian dari program swasembada beras menjadi swasembada pangan. Pemerintah telah mencanangkan pokok-pokok pembaharuan kebijaksanaan pengelolaan irigasi, petani pemakai air sesuai dengan hakekat  pembangunan dari, oleh dan untuk masyarakat agar pokok-pokok pembaharuan kebijaksanaan pengelolaan irigasi tersebut dapat mencapai sasaran tepat guna. Adanya pergeseran nilai air, dari sumberdaya milik bersama (public goods) yang melimpah dan dapat dikonsumsi tanpa biaya, menjadi sumberdaya ekonomi (economic goods) yang mempunyai fungsi sosial; terjadinya kerawanan ketersediaan air secara nasional; adanya persaingan pemanfaatan air antara irigasi dengan penggunaan oleh sektor-sektor lain; dan konversi lahan beririgasi untuk kepentingan lainnya, memerlukan adanya kebijakan. Kebijakan pengelolaan irigasi yang efektif, sehingga keberlanjutan sistem irigasi dan hak-hak atas air bagi semua pengguna dapat terjamin. Mengingat irigasi tidak terlepas dari pengelolaan sumberdaya air secara keseluruhan, maka reformasi kebijakan dalam bidang keirigasian harus dilaksanakan secara simultan dan konsisten dengan reformasi pengelolaan sumberdaya air secara keseluruhan. Kata Kunci : isu, pembaharuan, irigasiIrrigation management is one of the main supporting factors for the success of agricultural development, especially in the context of increasing and expanding agricultural development goals from rice self-sufficiency to food self-sufficiency. that the Government has set out the principles of renewal of irrigation management policies, water user farmers in accordance with the nature of the development of, by and for the community that the principles of renewal of irrigation management policies can achieve effective targets. There is a shift in the value of water, from abundant public goods resources that can be consumed without cost, to economic resources that have social functions; the occurrence of national water availability insecurity; competition over water use between irrigation and use by other sectors; and conversion of irrigated land for other purposes, requires an effective irrigation management policy, so that the sustainability of the irrigation sistem and the rights to water for all users can be guaranteed. Since irrigation is inseparable from the overall management of water resources, policy reforms in the field of irrigation must be carried out simultaneously and consistently with reforms in the management of water resources as a whole. Keywords: issues, renewal, irrigation

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT BASED ON THE LOCAL WISDOM IN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Popi Rejekiningrum ◽  
Budi Kartiwa
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Government

During 1980-1997, the management of water resources was done with a supply-driven approach.  This approach results in the expensive maintenance of water resources and the disregarded resources utilization of environmental sustainability.  Since 1998, The Government of Indonesia began to reform institutional irrigation with the financing supported by the World Bank. However, the institutional reforms of the irrigation have not yet reflected the exact changes as expected. Therefore, it is necessary to study the process of strengthening the institutional management of irrigation based on the local wisdom through the inventory of history series of irrigation management policy and empowerment of capacity building and institutional program of irrigation management. This paper presents an effort to develop the institutional irrigation management by exploring the local wisdom in the community. It can be used as a guide for future sustainable management of irrigation. Keywords: agriculture, Subak, Ulu-ulu, water resources, farmers’ unionJEL Classification: B30, Q15, Q25

scholarly journals Kinerja Pemanfaatan Mekanisasi Pertanian dan Implikasinya dalam Upaya Percepatan Produksi Pangan di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Rizma Aldillah
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Farming Efficiency

<strong>English</strong><br />Based on typical agro-ecology and socio-economy conditions, Indonesian agriculture needs agricultural tools and machinery support with certain characteristics. The government has provided agricultural tools and machinery, especially in the last three years, although its success is limited. This paper is a scientific review discussing needs of agricultural tools and machinery for agricultural development, its implementation, and efforts to achieve effectiveness. Materials are compiled from various sources, both documentation of development planning, program reports, as well as the results of critical evaluation and analysis of various research results. The results show that development of agricultural tools and machinery in Indonesia requires a good mapping with respect to the needs and availability, as well as institutional efforts to increase its effectiveness. Use of agricultural tools and machinery can reduce farming costs and provide benefits for farmers and it contributes to food self-sufficiency. Agriculture mechanization has a good prospect if it is preceded by a mapping of needs and availability as well as an adequate institutional environment. Consequently, farm costs become lower and farming efficiency will improve. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Dengan kondisi agroekologis dan sosial ekonomi yang khas, pertanian Indonesia membutuhkan dukungan penggunaan alat dan mesin pertanian (Alsintan) dengan karakter tertentu. Pemerintah telah lama mengembangkan Alsintan, terutama tiga tahun terakhir, meskipun keberhasilannya masih terbatas. Tulisan ini merupakan review ilmiah (scientific review) yang membahas kebutuhan Alsintan untuk pembangunan pertanian, pelaksanaannya, serta upaya mencapai efektivitas penggunaannya secara optimal. Bahan disusun dari berbagai sumber baik dokumentasi perencanaan pembangunan, laporan program, maupun hasil evaluasi dan analisis kritis dari berbagai hasil penelitian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan Alsintan di Indonesia membutuhkan pemetaan yang baik berkenaan dengan kebutuhan dan ketersediaannya, serta upaya kelembagaan untuk peningkatan efektivitasnya. Penggunaan Alsintan mampu menekan biaya usaha tani dan memberikan keuntungan bagi petani, sehingga mampu berkontribusi pada pencapaian swasembada pangan. Mekanisasi Pertanian mempunyai prospek yang baik kalau didahului dengan pemetaan kebutuhan dan ketersediaan serta langkah langkah kelembagaan (enabling institutional environment) yang memadai. Sebagai konsekuensinya biaya usaha tani dapat ditekan dan efisiensi usaha tani dapat diperbaiki.

scholarly journals Dinamika Program dan Kebijakan Peningkatan Produksi Padi

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Kurnia Suci Indraningsih
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
El Nino ◽  
System Development ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Government

<strong>English</strong><br />Rice Production Enhancement Programs (P4) is consistently carried out by the government to meet domestic demand for rice. This paper describes dynamics of P4 implementation, namely their strengths and weaknesses. There were 11 programs launched, beginning with Central Rice Program (Padi Sentra) in 1958 up to Special Intensification (Insus) in 1979 with highest achievement of rice self sufficiency in 1984. Insus was improved in 1987 and it was then called as Supra Insus. In 1990 rice production was stagnant and rice import tended to enlarge. Rice Based Farming System with Agribusiness Orientation (SUTPA), Agribusiness Oriented Intensification (Inbis), and Self Reliance Movement on Rice, Corn, and Soybean (Gema Palagung) programs were introduced to anticipate changing domestic and international circumstances. El Nino took place when the programs were carried out triggering delay of harvest seasons and low production. At last, paradigm of agricultural development was improved through system development and agribusiness oriented, namely corporate farming as the starting point of on-going Integrated Crops and Resources Management (PTT) program. To induce the farmers nationwide to adopt technologies immediately the government copes with many constraints. It is suggested that the generated technologies are packed in sociodrama before disseminated intensively through various mass media, especially television.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Untuk mencukupi kebutuhan beras, pemerintah terus mengupayakan program peningkatan produksi padi (P4) melalui berbagai kebijakan. Tulisan ini mengemukakan dinamika P4 yang telah diimplementasikan dengan menganalisis kelemahan dan kekuatan suatu program. Tujuan penulisan untuk memperoleh opsi kebijakan P4 mendatang. Ada sebelas program yang telah diluncurkan, diawali dengan Program Padi Sentra (1958) hingga lahir Intensivikasi Khusus (1979) yang berhasil meraih swasembada beras (1984). Tahun 1987 Insus disempurnakan menjadi Supra Insus. Tahun 1990 produksi padi cenderung stagnan, import beras terus meningkat. Untuk merespon berbagai perubahan lingkungan internasional dan domesik diimplementasikan program Sistem Usahatani Berbasis Padi Berorientasi Agribisnis (SUTPA), Intensifikasi yang Berwawasan Agribisnis (Inbis) dan Gema Palagung. Saat program dalam implementasi terjadi El-Nino yang menyebabkan panen mundur dan produksi rendah. Akhirnya dilakukan pembenahan paradigma dalam pengembangan pertanian yaitu mutlak berbasis pengembangan sistem dan berorientasi agribisnis, yaitu usahatani korporasi yang selanjutnya menjadi dasar dalam program Pengelolaan Tanaman dan Sumberdaya Terpadu (PTT) yang sedang diuji. Selalu ditemukan kendala dalam menyebarluaskan teknologi yang telah dihasilkan dalam skala luas agar cepat diadopsi petani. Diusulkan agar teknologi yang telah dihasilkan dikemas dalam sosiodrama kemudian disebarluaskan secara intensif melalui berbagai media terutama televisi.

scholarly journals The Role and Impact of Agricultural Machinery Service Provider for Rural Community Development Case in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Kodrad Winarno ◽  
Amie Sulastiyah ◽  
Muhamad Rusliyadi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

Agricultural machinery plays a strategic role in achieving Indonesia’s agricultural development goals. It is considered capable of increasing agricultural production and productivity through managing cultivation, harvest and post-harvest activities. The government has facilitated farmers with agricultural machinery through farmer groups and joint-farmer groups by encouraging them to form Agricultural Machinery Services Provider (AMSP). The purpose of this research is to describe the agribusiness management of AMSP, in terms of organizational, technical and economic aspects. This research was conducted from June 2017 to October 2017 in four districts, namely Bantul, Sleman, Gunung Kidul and Kulon Progo. Purposive sampling was used as a sampling method in this research. There were 32 respondents; 12 from AMSP, 16 from farmers groups, 4 private agricultural machinery service providers. The data analysis used was descriptive and qualitative data analysis. This research concluded that management of AMSP from an organizational perspective in the 4 districts is compatible with the Permentan Nomor 25 2018 guidelines regarding growth and development of AMSP. From the technical aspect, most of the operational agricultural machinery is 2-wheeled and 4-wheeled tractors. From the economic aspect, Earnings are distributed based on 40:60 ratio where AMSP earns 40% and the operator earns 60%. In relation to the cost of land cultivation, AMSP can earn between RP. 600.000,- – Rp. 800.000,- and the operator can earn Rp. 900.000,- – Rp. 1.200.000,-.

scholarly journals Agricultural Policies, Schemes and Funding: Media Responsibilities to Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Morka Emmanuel ◽  
E. Moemeke, Scholastica ◽  
Nwabudike Fidelis Chike ◽  
Praise Nnaji
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
River Basin Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

Agricultural policies and schemes are some of the measures through which the Nigerian government has attempted to address some of her challenges in the agricultural sector. Despite the MDGs/SDGs programs, Nigeria is still faced with extreme poverty, hunger, and poor education. Nigeria’s budgetary allocation is still far from meeting international recommendations of 25% by FAO. Laudable and well thought out agricultural schemes such as “Operation feed the nation”, “Green Revolution”, “River Basin Development”, “Agricultural Development Project” etc were government policies and schemes geared towards the provision of agricultural solutions. If objectives of the SDGs be realized in the country, issues of corruption, insecurity, proper education, and awareness creation etc., must be addressed by all stake holders ranging from the financial sector, the government as well as the mass media. The media are faced with challenges of news policies, brown envelops, loss of job opportunities etc., while most youths lack awareness and proper education about agricultural schemes and funding in Nigeria.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATIONAL DYNAMICS OF COMMUNITIES FOR WATER USERS (Case in Cihea Irrigation Area, Ciranjang District, Cianjur Regency, West Java) By : Yayat Sukayat 1), Dika Supyandi 2), Anne Charina 3),Pandi Pardian 4) Gimnasiar Darmawan 5), Siti Rima Herdiana 6), Rani Andriani Budi Kusumo7), Mahra Arari Heryanto8) [email protected]

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayat Sukayat
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
West Java ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Irrigation Area

Abstract Boeke's argument (Booth, 1977) on irrigation development in the colonial era, was due to population pressure, which was based on Malthus's theory, about the growth of food demand caused by population growth exceeding food growth (Effendi Pasandaran, 2002). The solution offered is by intensifying agriculture. This statement obtains justification with the emergence of new varieties that are responsive to water, and fertilizers, in such a way that production has risen. Therefore, the use of water at the farm level so that irrigation water in intensification is fulfilled, well, this is very important (Sukayat, 1994). In the Cihea irrigation area as the center of West Java Province's agricultural development, irrigation management (management authority) has been handed over to farmers, starting from the Small Irrigation Submission Program (PIK), PKPI (Irrigation Management Policy Update) and WISMP (Water Resource and Irrigation Sector Management Program ) Of the 90 P3A that grow only 10% are still running. The P3A does not run it seems there are still problems in growing, the formation of P3A. The purpose of this study is to obtain an overview of the movement of the organization. This research is quantitative research, with descriptive survey techniques. From the results of the study there are differences in organizational movements that are described by the effectiveness of achieving goals, as a picture of not involving the community in decision making. Keywords: P3A, organization, irrigation1,2,3,4): Teaching Staff of Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University5.6): Agribusiness Study Program Students 

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN AIR PROGRAM PAMSIMAS SEBAGAI SUMBER AIR BERSIH DI KECAMATAN KUANTAN MUDIK KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Revi Lasmita ◽  
Aras Mulyadi ◽  
Manyuk Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Indicators Of Success

Clean water according to Permenkes RI No 416 / Menkes / Per / IX / 1990 is water that used for daily needs whose quality meets health requirements and can be drunk after cooking, one of the government's efforts to meet the clean water needs of the community is the Pamsimas Program. The Pamsimas Program is one of the programs and concrete actions of the government (central and regional) with the support of the World Bank to improve and meet the needs of drinking water supply, sanitation to improve the level of public health, especially in reducing the number of diarrheal diseases and other diseases that are transmitted through water and the environment. Muaro Tombang Village, Sungai Manau Village and Bukit Kauman Village are the three villages in Kuantan Mudik Sub-District that have not had access to 100% clean water. Indicators of success and sustainability of the Pamsimas Program are the quantity and quality of water sources, management policies and management strategies for the Pamsimas Program. The quantity of water in the three villages in terms of discharge and minimum reservoir capacity meet the needs of the community, the water quality in the three villages there are several parameters that do not meet the quality standards of the Minister of Health Regulation No. 416 of 1990 concerning Clean Water Quality Requirements, so it needs to be treated for water Pamsimas Program. The community's perception of the socio-economic and management policies of the Pamsimas Program Muaro Tombang Village and Sungai Manau Village is included in the agreed category, while the community's perception of the socio-economic and management policy of the Pamsimas Program in the Bukit Kauman Village is in the neutral category. The right strategy used for the management of the Pamsimas Program in the three villages is the aggressive strategy (Growth Oriented Strategy), namely the development of the Pamsimas Program by utilizing the strengths of the opportunities that have been identified.

scholarly journals Political Economy of the Agricultural Sector in a Review of Development Studies in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Naerul Edwin Kiky Aprianto ◽  
Amanah Aida Qur'an
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
New Order ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Systems

During the New Order period, government policy focused on the politics of development in the agricultural sector. The actual result was that the community could directly fulfill food needs independently (self-sufficiency) in the mid-1980s. However, this conducive condition had to end tragically when in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the agricultural economy suffered due to massive protection in the industrial sector and took place through a conglomerate process that laid the foundations of the economy. The history of the agricultural sector during the New Order period can be a precious lesson in building the Indonesian economy. This agricultural sector has been recognized as having an essential role in the national economy, which can be seen from its ability to contribute to the gross domestic product, employment absorption, job creation opportunities, increasing people’s income, and foreign exchange sources. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach with a library review design. In this research, it can be concluded that agricultural development in this era seeks to develop sustainable agricultural systems that must improve farmers’ resources and standard of living to be more prosperous. Therefore, the government must formulate a platform or grand strategy of agricultural development policy so that Indonesian farmers do not get caught up in poverty and unemployment

scholarly journals Fifty Years of Water Resource Management Policies in Tunisia: From Supply Management to Territorial Equity

حِكامة ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 9-35
Author(s):  
Abdelkarim Daoud
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water System ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Government

Water resources in Tunisia are scarce and unevenly distributed between regions. As well, rainfall varies year-to-year. This study deals with the development of water resource management policies in Tunisia during the last five decades, starting with supply and mobilization management programs that transferred water resources from the interior to the coastal territories where the most important cities are and most economic activity takes place. This policy resulted in the establishment of an interconnected water system that remained in place until the end of the last century. The study also reviews the success of the demand management system the government has been forced by the increase in both urban consumption of water and agricultural needs to adopt. We also review the many challenges that set the current situation apart from previous periods of stress on the system, including high demand, climate change and social movements in the inner cities demanding the right for water, protected in the 2014 Constitution, be respected. The study highlights these challenges and suggests elements for a new resource governance that would draw on the accumulated good governance of the last five decades

scholarly journals Evaluation of Public Infrastructure: A Case of Sapon Dam Kulon Progo, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Nuni Budi Prastiwi ◽  
Akhmad Makhfatih ◽  
Inayati Nuraini Dwiputri
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Valuation Technique ◽  
The Government

One of problems in making a government’s balance sheet is to determine the value of infrastructure run by the government. It is because the infrastructure is valueless and closely similar in characteristics to public goods. In general, most researchers would use travel cost method to value government infrastructure. Yet, this method is very sensitive toward respondents’ characteristics and in many cases, it results in over estimated valuation. Meanwhile, a valuation technique using cost approach for government infrastructure reflects less its benefits and in many cases, it also tends to be undervalued.Against the aforementioned issue, this research attempted to evaluate state-owned infrastructure using a capitalization method. The object of this research was Sapon Dam located in Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia. This dam is a state-owned asset functioned to sustain agricultural development particularly for irrigating paddies. This research was aimed at estimating the value of Sapon Dam using a capitalization method. In this method, the absence of infrastructure value was replaced with difference-in-differences analysis for proxy income.The data used in this research was secondary data which included paddy planting areas in irrigated and rain-fed fields, and also farmers’ net income. It was found that the estimated value of Sapon Dam per December 15th2015 was IDR 96,659,385,018.72. 

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