Medical and social aspects of the problem life expectancy (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
V. A. Karpin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Widespread Implementation

The current demographic situation is characterized by a significant increase in the aging of the population. The aging process is accompanied by the inclusion of certain active mechanisms that contribute to the disruption of the life of the human body. The complex of these mechanisms fits into the concept of metabolic syndrome. The presented materials convincingly prove that the problem of metabolic syndrome is largely a gerontological problem. Its development contributes to premature aging of the body and shortening the life span of the population of the planet. The development and widespread implementation of special dispensary Programs, as well as complex targeted therapy of various pathogenic manifestations of this syndrome, will significantly improve public health and increase life expectancy.

scholarly journals THE PUBLIC HEALTH OF THE SIBERIAN REGIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Е. Пастухова ◽  
E. Pastukhova ◽  
Т. Кияйкина ◽  
T. Kiyaykina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
External Causes ◽  
High Level ◽  
General Mortality

The article is devoted to the study of the health of the population in the regions of the Siberian Federal District on the basis of the following statistical indicators: infant mortality, total mortality, fertility rate, mortality according to death cause, life expectancy, primary incidence, morbidity according to disease. The study has revealed some trends in public health of the Siberian regions in 2012 – 2016. Positive trends in the health status of the population of the Siberian territories are: 1) decrease in infant and general mortality, mortality from circulatory diseases, external causes, and respiratory diseases; 2) increase in overall male and female life expectancy. Negative trends in the public health of the regions in question include: 1) declining fertility under the influence of the «population wave» effect; 2) increase in cancer mortality rate, diseases of the digestive system and infections. Public health of the Siberian territories is characterized by a high level of differentiation, as well as by multidirectional dynamics of morbidity and mortality in different regions. A low level of public health has been observed in the republics of Tyva and Altai, Trans-Baikal, and Irkutsk Region. A relatively good medical and demographic situation has been observed in Tomsk, Omsk, and Novosibirsk regions.

Potential Possibilities of Nuclear Medicine Methods in Diagnostics Age Changes of the Cardiovascular System.

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
M. Vorontsova ◽  
A. Obrezan ◽  
A. Obrezan
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Daunting Task

In connection with the increase in the average age of the world's population, the problem of preventing premature aging and the treatment of age-related diseases is coming to the fore. The main direction in the implementation of this goal is to influence the key molecular mechanisms of aging in order to suppress pathological processes and activate the defense systems of the cell and the body as a whole. In order to solve this daunting task, it is necessary to have in the arsenal not only various means of intervention in the aging process, but also diagnostic methods that would allow to fully verify these processes and evaluate the effectiveness of medical interventions.

Laboratory markers of premature aging and metabolic syndrome in liquidators of consequences of Chernobyl accident

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
N. A. Alkhutova ◽  
N. А. Kovyazina ◽  
V. Yu. Rybnikov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation ◽  
Universal Laboratory

In this paper, the metabolic syndrome (MS) is considered as a manifestation of an excessive adaptive response of the body, which underlies premature aging. It is relevant to search for new early markers of MS formation in LPA in the context of modern ideas about the role of universal mechanisms of adaptation and stress-induced premature aging in its pathogenesis. The data obtained by the authors allow us to consider the relative androgen deficiency as a predictor of the formation of MS in LPA. The results of the study demonstrate that the levels of triiodothyronine and DHEAS serve as early markers of the formation of MS, while the testosterone/estradiol ratio is a universal laboratory indicator of accelerated aging of the body and MS.

scholarly journals MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) (ZAT OKSIDAN YANG MEMPERCEPAT PROSES PENUAAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Novrina Situmorang ◽  
Zulham Zulham
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Oxidation Damage ◽  
Superoxide Anion Radicals

Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the end product of fat peroxidation due to the breakdown of fatty acid chains which are compounds that toxic to cells. Fat peroxidation is caused by body fat bound to free radicals such as hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals, and hydrogen peroxide, which are compounds or atoms that have unpaired electrons in their outer orbitals so that they are very reactive to cells or surrounding cell components including lipids. As a result of the lipid peroxidation reaction which is continuous which can cause various diseases and accelerate the aging process, because malondialdehyde causes cell damage. The aging process is the weakening of cells and organs as a whole starting from adulthood slowly and progressing quickly after the age of 50 years, marked by the body begins to ache and wrinkled skin. Naturally, the aging process will occur in every human being, but the process is different, some are fast (the process of premature aging) and some are slow (ageless). Although the aging process occurs for several reasons, free radicals such as melondialdehyde also contribute to accelerating the aging process. Efforts to slow down premature aging due to free radicals, namely antioxidants. As an active ingredient, antioxidants are used to protect skin from oxidation damage and prevent premature aging.

scholarly journals The body mass index (BMI) as a public health tool to predict metabolic syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Murguía-Romero ◽  
Rafael Jiménez-Flores ◽  
Rafael Villalobos-Molina ◽  
María Isabel Mendoza-Ramos ◽  
Julia Reyes-Reali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body

Research Recommendations for Applying Vitamin A-Labelled Isotope Dilution Techniques to Improve Human Vitamin A Nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo ◽  
Anura V. Kurpad ◽  
Janet R. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pool Size ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Total Body

The current use of serum retinol concentrations as a measurement of subclinical vitamin A deficiency is unsatisfactory for many reasons. The best technique available for vitamin A status assessment in humans is the measurement of total body pool size. Pool size is measured by the administration of retinol labelled with stable isotopes of carbon or hydrogen that are safe for human subjects, with subsequent measurement of the dilution of the labelled retinol within the body pool. However, the isotope techniques are time-consuming, technically challenging, and relatively expensive. There is also a need to assess different types of tracers and doses, and to establish clear guidelines for the use and interpretation of this method in different populations. Field-friendly improvements are desirable to encourage the application of this technique in developing countries where the need is greatest for monitoring the risk of vitamin A deficiency, the effectiveness of public health interventions, and the potential of hypervitaminosis due to combined supplement and fortification programs. These techniques should be applied to validate other less technical methods of assessing vitamin A deficiency. Another area of public health relevance for this technique is to understand the bioconversion of β-carotene to vitamin A, and its relation to existing vitamin A status, for future dietary diversification programs.

Strengthening of occupational health promotion by the German Prevention Health Care Act

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-190
Author(s):  
Diana Hart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Occupational Health Promotion ◽  
And Control

All countries are faced with the problem of the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCD): implement prevention strategies eff ectively, keep up the momentum with long term benefi ts at the individual and the population level, at the same time tackling hea lth inequalities. Th e aff ordability of therapy and care including innovative therapies is going to be one of the key public health priorities in the years to come. Germany has taken in the prevention and control of NCDs. Germany’s health system has a long history of guaranteeing access to high-quality treatment through universal health care coverage. Th r ough their membership people are entitled to prevention and care services maintaining and restoring their health as well as long term follow-up. Like in many other countries general life expectancy has been increasing steadily in Germany. Currently, the average life expectancy is 83 and 79 years in women and men, respectively. Th e other side of the coin is that population aging is strongly associated with a growing burden of disease from NCDs. Already over 70 percent of all deaths in Germany are caused by four disease entities: cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes. Th ese diseases all share four common risk factors: smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical activity and overweight. At the same time, more and more people become long term survivors of disease due to improved therapy and care. Th e German Government and public health decision makers are aware of the need for action and have responded by initiating and implementing a wide spectrum of activities. One instrument by strengthening primary prevention is the Prevention Health Care Act. Its overarching aim is to prevent NCDs before they can manifest themselves by strengthening primary prevention and health promotion in diff erent sett ings. One of the main emphasis of the Prevention Health Care Act is the occupational health promotion at the workplace.

Application of BMP-2 for bone graft in Dentistry

RSBO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Lídia Audrey Rocha Valadas Marques ◽  
Edvan Alves da Costa Júnior ◽  
Mara Assef Leitão Lotif ◽  
Edilson Martins Rodrigues Neto ◽  
Francisco Filipe Carvalho da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Increase

Introduction: The global increase life expectancy and the resulting tooth loss has required searching for new rehabilitation alternatives in Dentistry. Biomaterials can be defined as any material that acts replacing a lost bone defect and its function. In Dentistry, many studies have aimed to improve bone regeneration through the use of BMPs for bone replacement. Objective: To review the literature on the use and clinical viability of human morphogenetic protein for the jaws reconstruction. Material and methods: The following databases were searched: Pubmed, Bireme, Lilacs, and Scielo and 30 articles published between 1965 and 2013 were found using the following descriptors: “dental implants”, “maxillary sinus”, and “biocompatible materials”. Results: Several studies demonstrate the biological advantages of rhBMP-2 on bone regeneration of the jaws. In recent years, morphogenetic protein has presented a large clinical use. Conclusion: Despite being a high-cost biomaterial, rhBMP-2 is a viable and very effective alternative for reconstruction of defects of the face.

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